Realistic calculations of nuclear disappearance lifetimes induced by neutron-antineutron oscillations

Realistic calculations of nuclear disappearance lifetimes induced by neutron-antineutron oscillations are reported for oxygen and iron, using antineutron nuclear potentials derived from a recent comprehensive analysis of antiproton atomic X-ray and radiochemical data. A lower limit of 3.3 x 10E8 s on the neutron-antineutron oscillation time is derived from the Super-Kamiokande I new lower limit of 1.77 x 10E32 yr on the neutron lifetime in oxygen. Antineutron scattering lengths in carbon and nickel, needed in trap experiments using ultracold neutrons, are calculated from updated antinucleon optical potentials at threshold, with results shown to be largely model independent.Comment: version matching PRD publication, typos and references correcte

Introduction of effective technologies of production, storage, transportation and promotion of dairy products on the market and formation of sources of their funding

Предметом дослідження є сукупність теоретичних, методичних і практичних аспектів впровадження ефективних технологій виробництва, зберігання, транспортування і просування молочної продукції на ринок та формування джерел їх фінансування. Дослідження здійснене на основі діалектичного методу пізнання та системного підходу, що дало змогу комплексно вивчити теоретичні й методичні засади та практичні аспекти. При узагальненні використано прийоми абстрактно-логічного методу, аналіз і синтез, індукція і дедукція, аналогія і порівняння. Результатом дослідження є систематизація факторів впливу на впровадження ефективних технологій за ланцюгом виробництва і просування молочної продукції до кінцевого споживача по групах технологічних, організаційно-економічних, соціальних факторів та формування джерел їх фінансування, а також методичних підходів до вибору варіантів на основі дотримання еколого безпечних принципів їх реалізації, максимізації кумулятивного ефекту в усіх зазначених ланках, оптимізації співвідношення “ціна–якість” і внутрішніх та зовнішніх джерел фінансування. The subject of the research is a complex of theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of introduction of effective technologies of production, storage, transportation and promotion of dairy products on the market and formation of sources of their funding. The research was carried out on the basis of dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach which allowed detailed studying of theoretical and methodical principles and practical aspects. Abstract and logical method, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and comparison were used in generalisation. The result of research is the systematisation of factors that influence introduction of effective technologies into production chain and promotion of dairy products to the final consumer according to the groups of technological, organisational, economic and social factors and the formation of sources of their funding. The results also include methodical approaches towards the choice of options on the basis of compliance with ecological principles of their realisation, maximisation of cumulative effect in all above-mentioned sections, optimisation of correlation “price-quality” and internal and external sources of funding

The Supersymmetric Stueckelberg Mass and Overcoming the Fayet-Iliopoulos Mechanism for Breaking Symmetry

Gauge invariant generation of mass for supersymmetric U(1) vector field through use of a chiral Stueckelberg superfield is considered. When a Fayet-Iliopoulos D term is also present, no breaking of supersymmetry ever occurs so long as the Stueckelberg mass is not zero. A moduli space in which gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken arises in this case

A remark on sphaleron erasure of baryon asymmetry

We complete an existing result for how the baryon asymmetry left over after a period of full thermal equilibrium depends on different lepton asymmetries.Comment: 5 pages; small clarifications and a reference added; to appear in PR

Spatially-resolved probing of a non-equilibrium superconductor

Spatially resolved relaxation of non-equilibrium quasiparticles in a superconductor at ultra-low temperatures was experimentally studied. It was found that the quasiparticle injection through a tunnel junction results in modification of the shape of I-V characteristic of a remote `detector' junction. The effect depends on temperature, injection current and proximity to the injector. The phenomena can be understood in terms of creation of quasiparticle charge and energy disequilibrium characterized by two different length scales $\Lambda_{Q^{\ast}}$ $\sim5$ $\mu$m and $\Lambda_{T^{\ast}}\sim$ $40$ $\mu$m. The findings are in good agreement with existing phenomenological models, while more elaborated microscopic theory is mandatory for detailed quantitative comparison with experiment. The results are of fundamental importance for understanding electron transport phenomena in various nanoelectronic circuits.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Dark Matter from Baryon Asymmetry

The measured densities of dark and baryonic matter are surprisingly close to each other, even though the baryon asymmetry and the dark matter are usually explained by unrelated mechanisms. We consider a scenario where the dark matter S is produced non-thermally from the decay of a messenger particle X, which carries the baryon number and compensates for the baryon asymmetry in the Universe, thereby establishing a connection between the baryonic and dark matter densities. We propose a simple model to realize this scenario, adding only a light singlet fermion S and a colored particle X which has a mass in the O(TeV) range and a lifetime to appear long-lived in collider detector. Therefore in hadron colliders the signal is similar to that of a stable or long-lived gluino in supersymmetric models.Comment: 12 pages; v2: bounds on the mass of the messenger particle are relaxed; conclusions unchanged. additional minor modification

Comments on ``A note on first-order formalism and odd-derivative actions'' by S. Deser

We argue that the obstacles to having a first-order formalism for odd-derivative actions presented in a pedagogical note by Deser are based on examples which are not first-order forms of the original actions. The general derivation of an equivalent first-order form of the original second-order action is illustrated using the example of topologically massive electrodynamics (TME). The correct first-order formulations of the TME model keep intact the gauge invariance presented in its second-order form demonstrating that the gauge invariance is not lost in the Ostrogradsky process.Comment: 6 pages, references are adde