Development of Regional Maximum Permissible Concentrations of Oil, Lead, Chromium, Nickel, and Copper in the Ordinary Black Soils of Central Ciscaucasia

Contamination of ordinary chernozems of the Central Ciscaucasia with oil, lead, chromium, nickel and copper leads to a deterioration in their biological indicators. A significant decrease in the number of microflora, enzymatic activity and inhibition of the state of plants was established. The ecotoxicity sequence of heavy metals for ordinary black soils of Central Ciscaucasia is the following: Cr > Pb ≥Cu ≥ Ni. Ordinary black soils of Central Ciscaucasia, compared to similar black soils of Western Ciscaucasia, are somewhat less resistant to pollution with chromium, but are more resistant to pollution with copper and nickel. Resistance to pollution with lead and oil is the same. Regional maximum permissible concentrations of oil, lead, chromium, nickel and copper have been set for ordinary black soils of Central Ciscaucasia, based on disruptions of the environmental and the agricultural functions of the soil

Exploring Continual Learning of Diffusion Models

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-quality images thanks to their novel training procedures applied to unprecedented amounts of data. However, training a diffusion model from scratch is computationally expensive. This highlights the need to investigate the possibility of training these models iteratively, reusing computation while the data distribution changes. In this study, we take the first step in this direction and evaluate the continual learning (CL) properties of diffusion models. We begin by benchmarking the most common CL methods applied to Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs), where we note the strong performance of the experience replay with the reduced rehearsal coefficient. Furthermore, we provide insights into the dynamics of forgetting, which exhibit diverse behavior across diffusion timesteps. We also uncover certain pitfalls of using the bits-per-dimension metric for evaluating CL

Approaches to the development of environmental standards for the content of petroleum hydrocarbons and Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni in soils of Greatest Caucasus

The development of tourism and leisure infrastructure results in a continuous increase of anthropogenic impact on soils of wet and dry subtropics of the Greatest Caucasus. It is very important for the region to preserve the sustainable functions of soils and ecosystems, maintain a comfortable life and recreation environment create environmentally friendly agricultural products. It is conducted studies to determine the limits of resistance of soils in wet and dry sub-tropics to priority pollutants, especially petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni). It was found that the soils of wet and dry subtropics for resistance by Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni are located as follows: south-ern chernozem > typical sod-carbonate soil ≥ brown typical soil ≥ brown carbonate soil = brown leached soil ≥ leached sod-carbonate soil = yellow soil >acid brown forest soil ≥ acid brown forest podzolized soil. In terms of the degree of resistance to oil pollution, studied soils create certain series: brown carbonate ≥ brown typical = sod-carbonate leached ≥ sod-carbonate typical > southern chernozem ≥ yellow soil ≥ brown leached soil > acid brown forest soil = acid brown forest podzolized soil. Heavy metals by ecotoxicity to the soils of wet and dry subtropics from the following series: Cr> Cu ≥ Ni = Pb. Based on the degradation of ecological functions of soils, we offer regional standards of the maximum permissible content of Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni for the main soils of wet and dry subtropics

Rational Precious Metals Supply Schemes

Rapidly developing social progress and new conditions for the functioning of all economic entities put industrial enterprises in a special, rigid economic framework. In a tough competitive environment, you can survive and develop only by orienting your business activities to a logistic approach. The gold mining industry plays a key role in the global economy. This industry has a high asset value, large-scale production lines and large infrastructure. One of the main tasks of strategic planning of gold mining enterprises is the choice of a rational marketing system. Planning and selection of schemes for the supply of precious metals is an important condition for the effective functioning of the marketing activities of gold mining enterprises. For these purposes, the need for improving logistics flows and creating an information system for sales planning is growing. The article explores the planning and selection of precious metals supply schemes using the example of PJSC “Vysochaishy”. Much attention paid to the construction of the company’s logistics flows. The main problems in the supply chain of PJSC “Vysochaishy” are identify. The algorithm of the process of introducing a new supply chain planning system for Vysochaishy PJSC is considered, and an improved strategic planning process for PJSC “Vysochaishy” is present. A new scheme of operation of the transport and logistics system for the direction of logistics flows of PJSC “Vysochaishy” proposed

Glatiramer Acetate and Nanny Proteins Restrict Access of the Multiple Sclerosis Autoantigen Myelin Basic Protein to the 26S Proteasome

We recently showed that myelin basic protein (MBP) is hydrolyzed by 26S proteasome without ubiquitination. The previously suggested concept of charge-mediated interaction between MBP and the proteasome led us to attempt to compensate or mimic its positive charge to inhibit proteasomal degradation. We demonstrated that negatively charged actin and calmodulin (CaM), as well as basic histone H1.3, inhibit MBP hydrolysis by competing with the proteasome and MBP, respectively, for binding their counterpart. Interestingly, glatiramer acetate (GA), which is used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) and is structurally similar to MBP, inhibits intracellular and in vitro proteasome-mediated MBP degradation. Therefore, the data reported in this study may be important for myelin biogenesis in both the normal state and pathophysiological conditions

The Transcriptome of Type I Murine Astrocytes under Interferon-Gamma Exposure and Remyelination Stimulus

Astrocytes are considered to be an important contributor to central nervous system (CNS) disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis. The transcriptome of these cells is greatly affected by cytokines released by lymphocytes, penetrating the blood–brain barrier—in particular, the classical pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ). We report here the transcriptomal profiling of astrocytes treated using IFNγ and benztropine, a putative remyelinization agent. Our findings indicate that the expression of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation in astrocytes are significantly upregulated upon IFNγ exposure, emphasizing the critical role of this cytokine in the redirection of immune response towards self-antigens. Data reported herein support previous observations that the IFNγ-induced JAK-STAT signaling pathway may be regarded as a valuable target for pharmaceutical interventions