348 research outputs found
Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and quality indices
Rye (Secale cereale L.) grain is an excellent raw material for healthy and tasty foods.
Rye products are characterized by their unique composition and properties such as antioxidant
capacity and total phenolic. The aim of the study was to assess radical scavenging capacity, total
phenolic content, protein, starch content and falling number in rye varieties wholemeal. The trial
included population winter rye varieties âKaupoâ, âAmiloâ, âDankowskie Amberâ, âDankowskie
Rubinâ, âInspectorâ and hybrid rye varieties âSU Driveâ, âSU Mephistoâ, âSU Bendixâ, âBrasettoâ,
âPalazzoâ grown in Latvia. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH
(2.2-diphenyl-1-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) assay and total phenolic content was determined
spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteou method. The rye grain antioxidant
capacity was estimated as Trolox equivalent, while the total phenolic content was expressed as
gallic equivalents (GAE). âSu Driveâ rye variety contained the largest amount of total
phenolic (average 208 mg GAE 100 g
-1 DW), but the lowest â âInspectorâ rye variety
176 mg GAE 100 g
-1 DW. In general, all rye samples tested in this study demonstrated similar
level of antioxidant capacity (from 38.5 to 46.2 mmol Trolox eq. 100 g
-1
). Statistically higher
(P < 0.05) total phenols content and falling number had hybrid rye grains, compared to the
population rye grains. In the present trial, the differences between hybrid varieties grains protein
and starch content comparing to population varieties were not observed
Complete Break Up of Ortho Positronium (Ps)- Hydrogenic ion System
The dynamics of the complete breakup process in an Ortho Ps - He+ system
including electron loss to the continuum (ELC) is studied where both the
projectile and the target get ionized. The process is essentially a four body
problem and the present model takes account of the two centre effect on the
electron ejected from the Ps atom which is crucial for a proper description of
the ELC phenomena. The calculations are performed in the framework of Coulomb
Distorted Eikonal Approximation. The exchange effect between the target and the
projectile electron is taken into account in a consistent manner. The proper
asymptotic 3-body boundary condition for this ionization process is also
satisfied in the present model. A distinct broad ELC peak is noted in the fully
differential cross sections (5DCS) for the Ps electron corroborating
qualitatively the experiment for the Ps - He system. Both the dynamics of the
ELC from the Ps and the ejected electron from the target He+ in the FDCS are
studied using coplanar geometry. Interesting features are noted in the FDCS for
both the electrons belonging to the target and the projectile.Comment: 14 pages,7 figure
Nursing Facility Residentsâ Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Decisions
Context
As many as one-quarter of all residents in nursing facilities have cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as a documented choice in the medical record, despite the likelihood of limited medical benefit in this setting.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of healthcare providers and nursing facility residents regarding CPR decisions.
Methods
We used qualitative interviews to examine the perspectives of residents with a documented decision for CPR in the medical record. We then compared residentsâ views with those of healthcare providers who routinely conduct advance care planning (ACP) conversations in the nursing facility setting.
Results
Five themes emerged from the interviews: (a) Resident versus Provider Concerns, (b) Offering Information versus Avoidance, (c) Lack of Understanding of CPR, (d) Lack of Awareness, and (e) âDon't Keep Me on Machines'. Residents held misconceptions about CPR and/or exhibited an overall poor understanding of the relationship between their own health status and the likelihood of a successful CPR attempt. Although healthcare providers offer information and health education in an attempt to address knowledge gaps, these efforts are not always successful or even accepted by residents. Resident viewpoints and priorities differed from healthcare providers in ways that affected communication about CPR.
Conclusions
Unrecognised differences in perceptions between providers and residents affect key aspects of ACP communication that can impact CPR decision-making. The concerns and priorities of institutionalized older adults may differ from those of healthcare providers, creating challenges for engaging some residents in ACP.
Implications for Practice
ACP communication models and training should be designed not only to explore nursing facility residents' goals, values, and preferences, but also to elicit any underlying differences in perceptions that may affect communication. Healthcare providers can identifying the primary concerns of residents and assist them with integrating or reframing these issues as a part of ACP discussions
Anointed or appointed? Fatherâdaughter succession within the family business
With the focus on events and outcomes shaping most of the existing family business research
on intra-family succession, the subtleties of the incumbent-successor relationship and the
dynamic nature of succession as a process of becoming is somewhat neglected. In particular,
we have limited understanding of how successor identities are constructed as legitimate
between incumbent and successor during father-daughter succession. This article addresses this
gap in understanding by exploring how the daughter successor engages in identity work with
the father incumbent during the process of succession and the role of father-daughter gendered
relations in shaping her successor identity. Using a two-stage research design strategy, we draw
upon empirical evidence derived from 14 individual and joint semi-structured interviews to
present a narrative analysis of five father-daughter dyads. In so doing, we unveil how the
daughterâs successor identity was co-constructed as legitimate and how father-daughter
gendered relations influenced this process. Although daughters rely on certain father-daughter
relations (preparation, endorsement and osmotic credibility) for legitimacy, they also need to
develop independently from their father in order to heighten their own visibility and establish
credibility
Research in Medical Education: Balancing Service and Science*
Since the latter part of the 1990âs, the English-speaking medical education community has been engaged in a debate concerning the types of research that should have priority. To shed light on this debate and to better understand its implications for the practice of research, 23 semi-structured interviews were conducted with âinfluential figuresâ from the community. The results were analyzed using the concept of âfieldâ developed by the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. The results reveal that a large majority of these influential figures believe that research in medical education continues to be of insufficient quality despite the progress that has taken place over the past 2 decades. According to this group, studies tend to be both redundant and opportunistic, and researchers tend to have limited understanding of both theory and methodological practice from the social sciences. Three factors were identified by the participants to explain the current problems in research: the working conditions of researchers, budgetary restraints in financing research in medical education, and the conception of research in the medical environment. Two principal means for improving research are presented: intensifying collaboration between PhDâs and clinicians, and encouraging the diversification of perspectives brought to bear on research in medical education
Patients' and Practitioners' Views of Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Management: A Qualitative Interview Study
PURPOSE: To identify the views of patients and care providers regarding the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to reveal potential obstacles to improving health care strategies. METHODS: We performed a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews of a stratified sample of 81 patients (59 women) and 29 practitioners (8 women, 11 general practitioners [GPs], 6 rheumatologists, 4 orthopedic surgeons, and 8 [4 GPs] delivering alternative medicine). RESULTS: Two main domains of patient views were identified: one about the patient-physician relationship and the other about treatments. Patients feel that their complaints are not taken seriously. They also feel that practitioners act as technicians, paying more attention to the knee than to the individual, and they consider that not enough time is spent on information and counseling. They have negative perceptions of drugs and a feeling of medical uncertainty about OA, which leads to less compliance with treatment and a switch to alternative medicine. Patients believe that knee OA is an inevitable illness associated with age, that not much can be done to modify its evolution, that treatments are of little help, and that practitioners have not much to propose. They express unrealistic fears about the impact of knee OA on daily and social life. Practitioners' views differ from those of patients. Physicians emphasize the difficulty in elaborating treatment strategies and the need for a tool to help in treatment choice. CONCLUSIONS: This qualitative study suggests several ways to improve the patient-practitioner relationship and the efficacy of treatment strategies, by increasing their acceptability and compliance. Providing adapted and formalized information to patients, adopting more global assessment and therapeutic approaches, and dealing more accurately with patients' paradoxal representation of drug therapy are main factors of improvement that should be addressed
âStepping away from the computer and into the sweats': The construction and negotiation of exercise identities in a Norwegian public company
While research has found that a developed exercise identity enables individuals to view exercise participation as self- reinforcing, the social barriers to such exercise identity development and participation have not been fully addressed. The subsequent aim of this study was to explore some of the social complexities at play in terms of how company employees construct and manage their exercise identities within a work place setting. A case-study method was used to address the research issue over a nine-month period. The case to be studied included a sample of 72 employees from a Norwegian public company who participated in an on-going work-based exercise programme called âExercise for allâ. The principal means of data collection comprised participant observation, individual interviews and exercise logbooks. The data were subject to inductive analysis. The primary barriers to exercise participation included high levels of social comparison in a competitive working context, particularly in relation to âcompetent colleaguesâ, and feelings of guilt associated with partaking in ârecreationalâ activities during work hours. Strategies engaged with to overcome and negotiate such obstacles included justifying participation through a health-related discourse, and constructing a more distinct âworker-exerciserâ identity
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