697 research outputs found
Au9+ swift heavy ion irradiation of Zn[CS(NH2)2]3SO4 crystal: Crystalline perfection and optical properties
The single crystal of tris(thiourea)zinc sulphate (Zn[CS(NH2)2]3SO4) was
irradiated by 150 MeV Au9+ swift heavy ions and analyzed in comparison with
pure crystal for crystalline perfection and optical properties. The Fourier
transform infrared and x-ray powder diffraction inferred that swift ions lead
the disordering and breaking of molecular bonds in lattice without formation of
new structural phases. High resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) revealed the
abundance of point defects, and formation of mosaics and low angle grain
boundaries in the irradiated region of crystal. The swift ion irradiation found
to affect the lattice vibrational modes and functional groups significantly.
The defects induced by heavy ions act as the color centers and resulted in
enhance of photoluminescence emission intensity. The optical transparency and
band gap found to be decreased.Comment: 7 page
Buffalo Rearing System in Bhadawari Breeding Tract
Bhadawari buffalo is one of the recognized buffalo breeds in India, known for high milk fat content, which may go as high as 14% (Kushwaha et al., 2012). Zachariah (1941) had first described this breed as “Bhadawan” buffalo – the best breed of buffaloes in Uttar Pradesh and found in the districts of Agra and Etah (Central India). Presently Bhadawari Buffaloes are found in the ravines of Yamuna and Chambal rivers spread over in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. These buffaloes have adapted to the harsh conditions of the ravines with undulating topography, thorny and scanty bushes, climatic stress and draught conditions. The buffaloes are of medium size with medium to low milk yield having high fat content. Animals are of copper color, have two white rings on the lower side of the neck and legs are comparatively shorter. Indiscriminate crossbreeding with Murrah buffaloes, for increasing milk production, during the last 3-4 decades has reduced the number of Bhadawari buffaloes in the region. Looking into the need to conserve this gene pool, Indian Council of Agricultural Research has initiated efforts on conservation and improvement of Bhadawari buffaloes at Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi (IGFRI) under Network program in the year 2001. The present study was conducted to collect the information regarding existing buffalo rearing practices adopted by the farmers in the Bhadawari breeding tract
A comparative study of dexmedetomidine versus clonidine in epidural anaesthesia to assess the level of sedation in patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgery
Background: To compare study of dexmedetomidine versus clonidine in epidural anesthesia to assess the level of sedation in patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgery.Methods: This was a comparative study conducted on admitted ASA grade I and II patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. The patients were divided into three groups of 30 patients each, according to the epidural medication they received:-Group A-received 15ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) and dexmedetomidine (1.0µg/kg body weight) in 1ml of normal saline; Group B-received 15ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) and clonidine (2.0µg/kg body weight) in 1ml of normal saline; Group C-received 15ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) with 1ml of normal saline. The heart rate, blood pressure, sensory dermatome level, Motor blocked level, pain and VAS were recorded at different time intervals. The side effects were also noted.Results: The baseline parameters were comparable among the groups. All the hemodynamic parameters and other study parameters were similar at Min. 0. All the hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and SpO2 were variable at different time intervals. Motor block level was significantly (p<0.05) lower in Group C than Group A and Group B from Min 50 to Min 90. The sedation score was observed to be nil in Group C. The post-op pain score became higher in Group C than Group A and Group B at subsequent time intervals. A 3 (10%) of the rescue agents was observed in Group C. Atropine (30%) and mephenteramine (10%) were common rescue agents in Group B. The bradycardia was observed in 30% patients of Group B and in 40% of Group A.Conclusions: On addition of dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine in epidural anesthesia provides better anesthesia and sedation than clonidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine or bupivacaine alone with mild hemodynamic changes which are easily manageable
Scattering of elastic waves by periodic arrays of spherical bodies
We develop a formalism for the calculation of the frequency band structure of
a phononic crystal consisting of non-overlapping elastic spheres, characterized
by Lam\'e coefficients which may be complex and frequency dependent, arranged
periodically in a host medium with different mass density and Lam\'e
coefficients. We view the crystal as a sequence of planes of spheres, parallel
to and having the two dimensional periodicity of a given crystallographic
plane, and obtain the complex band structure of the infinite crystal associated
with this plane. The method allows one to calculate, also, the transmission,
reflection, and absorption coefficients for an elastic wave (longitudinal or
transverse) incident, at any angle, on a slab of the crystal of finite
thickness. We demonstrate the efficiency of the method by applying it to a
specific example.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. B (in press
Miniaturized thin-film filters to connect multiple self-written waveguides
Self-written waveguides (SWWs) have been well investigated within the last decades. In most cases, they are used as low-loss coupling structures, i.e., to connect buried optical structures in photonic integrated circuits. In this work, we extend the field of possible applications for SWWs by embedding a novel thin-film filter to split the beam and connect multiple output ports simultaneously. The multilayer design of the dielectric filter can be customized to enable its application as a dichroic beamsplitter for photonic networks. The embedded thin-film filter was characterized in detail and used to connect an additional optical sensing element, which is also based on SWWs, to demonstrate its usability for measurement of physical quantities
Development and characterization of a fibroblastic-like cell line from caudal fin of the red-line torpedo, Puntius denisonii (Day) (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
A fibroblastic-like cell line was established from the
ornamental ¢sh, red-line torpedo (Puntius denisonii).
The red-line torpedo fin (RTF) cell line is being maintained
in Leibovitz’s L-15 mediumsupplementedwith
10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for over 1year at 28 1C
on a continuous basis in normal atmosphere. The
growth rate of RTF cells increased as the FBS proportion
increased from 5% to 20% at 28 1C with optimum
growth at the concentrations of 10% FBS. The
morphology of RTF cell was predominantly fibroblastic
like. Propagation of these cell lines was serum dependent,
with a low plating efficiency (o15%).
Karyotyping analysis of RTF cells at the 25th passage
indicated that the modal chromosome number was
2n550. The cell line was cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen
at �196 1C and could be recovered from storage
after 6 months with good cell viability.
Polymerase chain reaction amplification of a fragment
of two mitochondrial genes, 16S rRNA and
CO1, con¢rmed the identity of these cell lines with
those reported from this animal species, confirming
that the cell lines originated from P. denisonii. The
bacterial extracellular products from Vibrio cholerae
MTCC3904 and Aeromonas hydrophila were found to
be toxic to RTF. The cell lines were not susceptible to
viral nervous necrosis virus, a marine ¢sh virus
Chromosomal studies of three vulnerable marine fishes from west coast of India
Cytogenetic profiling was carried out in three vulnerable marine ornamental fishes, namely Thalassoma lunare, Zanclus cornutl~s and Arius subrostratus, using silver nitrate, chromoycin A3 CMA3 staining and C- banding techniques to study the variation in localization of NORs and C-bands. Karyotype analyses of these species revealed a diploid chromosome number of 48, all acrocentrics, in T. lunare and Z. cornutus. In A. subrostratus, however, the diploid chromosome number was found to be 58 consisting of 22 metacentric, 16 submetacentric, 10 subtelocentric and 10 telocentric chromosomes with fundamental arm number of 96. The silver stained NORs were observed on 3 pairs of chromosomes in T. lunare, whereas other two species possessed NOR on single pair of chromosome. Within the species, there was complete concordance in number and position of NORs as detected by AgN03 and CMA3 staining. Prominent constitutive heterochromatic bands were detected on 4, 2 and 3 pairs of chromosomes, respectively, in T. lunare, Z. cornutus and A. subrostratus. There was variation found in the number and position on NORs and C-bands among these species, which could be used as species-specific markers. This study describes for the first time the cytogenetic profiling in Z. cornutus and A. subrostratus
First order antiferro-ferromagnetic transition in Fe49(Rh0.93Pd0.07)51 under simultaneous application of magnetic field and external pressure
The magnetic field-pressure-temperature (H-P-T) phase diagram for first order
antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition in
Fe49(Rh0.93Pd0.07)51 has been constructed using resistivity measurements under
simultaneous application of magnetic field (up to 8 Tesla) and pressure (up to
20 kbar). Temperature dependence of resistivity ({\rho}-T) shows that with
increasing pressure, the width of the transition and the extent of hysteresis
decreases whereas with the application of magnetic field it increases.
Consistent with existing literature the first order transition temperature (TN)
increases with the application of external pressure (~ 7.3 K/ kbar) and
decreases with magnetic field (~ - 12.8 K/Tesla). Exploiting these opposing
trends, resistivity under simultaneous application of magnetic field and
pressure is used to distinguish the relative effect of temperature, magnetic
field and pressure on disorder broadened first order transition. For this a set
of H and P values are chosen for which TN (H1, P1) = TN (H2, P2). Measurements
for such combinations of H and P show that the temperature dependence of
resistivity is similar i.e. the broadening (in temperature) of transition as
well as extent of hysteresis remains independent of H and P. The transition
width decreases exponentially with increasing temperature. Isothermal
magnetoresistance measurement under various constant pressure show that even
though the critical field required for AFM-FM transition depends on applied
pressure, the hysteresis as well as transition width (in magnetic field) both
remains independent of pressure, consistent with our conclusions drawn from
{\rho}-T measurements.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
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