20,429 research outputs found
Shell-model studies on exotic nuclei around 132Sn
The study of exotic nuclei around 132Sn is a subject of current experimental
and theoretical interest. Experimental information for nuclei in the vicinity
of 132Sn, which have been long inaccessible to spectroscopic studies, is now
available thanks to new advanced facilities and techniques. The experimental
data which have been now become available for these neutron-rich nuclei may
suggest a modification in the shell structure. They are, in fact, somewhat
different from what one might expect by extrapolating the existing results for
N<82, and as a possible explanation a change in the single-proton level scheme
has been suggested. The latter would be caused by a more diffuse nuclear
surface, and could be seen as a precursor of major effects which should show up
at larger neutron excess. New data offer therefore the opportunity to test the
shell model and look for a possible evolution of shell structure when going
toward neutron drip line. This is stimulating shell-model studies in this
region. Here, we present an overview of recent shell-model studies of 132Sn
neighbors, focusing attention on those calculations employing realistic
effective interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 4 tables, invited talk at INPC2007, Tokyo, Japan, June 3-8
2007. To be published in Nuclear Physics
Shell-model study of quadrupole collectivity in light tin isotopes
A realistic shell-model study is performed for neutron-deficient tin isotopes
up to mass A=108. All shell-model ingredients, namely two-body matrix elements,
single-particle energies, and effective charges for electric quadrupole
transition operators, have been calculated by way of the many-body perturbation
theory, starting from a low-momentum interaction derived from the
high-precision CD-Bonn free nucleon-nucleon potential. The focus has been put
on the enhanced quadrupole collectivity of these nuclei, which is testified by
the observed large B(E2;0+ -> 2+)s. Our results evidence the crucial role
played by the Z=50 cross-shell excitations that need to be taken into account
explicitly to obtain a satisfactory theoretical description of light tin
isotopes. We find also that a relevant contribution comes from the calculated
neutron effective charges, whose magnitudes exceed the standard empirical
values. An original double-step procedure has been introduced to reduce
effectively the model space in order to overcome the computational problem.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 2 table
Low-momentum Nucleon-Nucleon Potential and Hartree-Fock Calculations
A low-momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential V-low-k is derived from modern
realistic NN potentials by integrating out the high-momentum modes. The smooth
V-low-k may be used as input for nuclear structure calculations instead of the
usual Brueckner G matrix. Such an approach eliminates the energy dependence one
finds in the G-matrix approach, allowing this interaction to be used directly
in Hartree-Fock calculations. Bulk properties of 16O have been calculated
starting from different NN potentials. Our results, obtained including up to
second order contributions in the Goldstone expansion, are in good agreement
with experiment.Comment: 7 pages, talk presented at IX Convegno su Problemi di Fisica Nucleare
Teorica, Cortona (Italy), October 9-12 200
Shell-Model Calculations with Realistic Effective Interactions
In this paper, we present some results of shell-model calculations employing
effective interactions derived from the CD-Bonn free nucleon-nucleon potential.
These concern 18O, 134Te, and 210Po, and are part of a comprehensive study of
nuclei around doubly closed shells. Comparison of the calculated results with
experimental data illustrates the degree of accuracy of modern realistic
shell-model calculations.Comment: Talk presented at INPC 2001, 29 July - 3 August 2001, Berkeley (USA
p-Shell Nuclei and Two-Frequency Shell Model with a Realistic Effective Interaction
We have studied p-shell nuclei using a two-frequency shell-model approach
with an effective interaction derived from the Bonn-A nucleon-nucleon potential
by means of a G-matrix folded-diagram method. First, we briefly describe our
derivation of the effective interaction in a model space composed of harmonic
hoscillator wave functions with two different length parameters, b_in and
b_out, for the core and the valence orbits, respectively. Then we present some
selected results of our calculations. We show that a good agreement with
experiment is obtained, which is definitely better than that provided by a
standard one-frequency calculation. A comparison with results obtained from
large-basis shell-model calculations is also made.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, talk presented at VIII Convegno di Fisica Nucleare
Teorica, Cortona, 18-21 Ottobre 200
Applying Quality Improvement methods to address gaps in medicines reconciliation at transfers of care from an acute UK hospital
© Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited.Objectives Reliable reconciliation of medicines at admission and discharge from hospital is key to reducing unintentional prescribing discrepancies at transitions of healthcare. We introduced a team approach to the reconciliation process at an acute hospital with the aim of improving the provision of information and documentation of reliable medication lists to enable clear, timely communications on discharge. Setting An acute 400-bedded teaching hospital in London, UK. Participants The effects of change were measured in a simple random sample of 10 adult patients a week on the acute admissions unit over 18â €...months. Interventions Quality improvement methods were used throughout. Interventions included education and training of staff involved at ward level and in the pharmacy department, introduction of medication documentation templates for electronic prescribing and for communicating information on medicines in discharge summaries co-designed with patient representatives. Results Statistical process control analysis showed reliable documentation (complete, verified and intentional changes clarified) of current medication on 49.2% of patients discharge summaries. This appears to have improved (to 85.2%) according to a poststudy audit the year after the project end. Pharmacist involvement in discharge reconciliation increased significantly, and improvements in the numbers of medicines prescribed in error, or omitted from the discharge prescription, are demonstrated. Variation in weekly measures is seen throughout but particularly at periods of changeover of new doctors and introduction of new systems. Conclusions New processes led to a sustained increase in reconciled medications and, thereby, an improvement in the number of patients discharged from hospital with unintentional discrepancies (errors or omissions) on their discharge prescription. The initiatives were pharmacist-led but involved close working and shared understanding about roles and responsibilities between doctors, nurses, therapists, patients and their carers
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