Network Aspect of Multilateral Diplomacy

The relevance of the study is due to the process of structural reorganization of the entire global system of international relations. It is noted that, along with military power, the economic, scientific, technical, and information spheres of state’s activities are coming to the fore, stimulating their work in the international arena. It is emphasized that this circumstance determines the complex interdependence of the main actors of international relations at the present stage. It is argued that the changes taking place in the world require a revision of the bloc approach to solving international problems and the search for new formats of cooperation that would help build constructive international cooperation. It is pointed out that multilateral diplomacy is called upon to play a significant role in modern international relations; moreover, it is becoming the main means of collective management of global world processes. It is clarified that “network diplomacy” is becoming the format of multi-vector diplomacy, based on flexible types of participation in multilateral structures. The author makes a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of network diplomacy. Particular attention is paid to the study of the mechanisms for the implementation of this type of diplomacy, and their application in practice. The issue of the diversity of participants in this process is considered, taking into account the formats of interaction between them within the framework of network diplomacy

Development of coordination and muscular fitness in children and adolescents with parent-reported ADHD in the German longitudinal MoMo Study

This study examined the development of muscular fitness and coordination in children and adolescents with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over a period of 11 years. Data was collected in three measurement waves as part of the longitudinal, representative Motorik-Modul (MoMo) study in Germany (2003–2006, 2009–2012, 2014–2017). The overall sample comprised 2988 participants (253 with ADHD, 65% males; 2735 non-ADHD, 47% males; mean age 9 years). Structural equation modeling was conducted, and the estimated models had a good fit. No differences in muscular fitness were observed between participants with and without ADHD. Participants with ADHD had a lower coordinative performance at first measurement than those without ADHD. The difference in coordinative performance persisted throughout the study period

Kognitive Diagnosemodelle: Theoretisches Potential und methodische Probleme. Projekt Kognitive Diagnosemodelle

Im Rahmen dieses Forschungsprojekts werden das theoretische Potential und die Schwierigkeiten neuartiger psychometrischer Modelle, sog. kognitiver Diagnosemodelle (CDMs) untersucht. Mit der Verwendung der CDMs sind im Wesentlichen drei Hoffnungen verknüpft. Zum einen sollen sie eine mehrdimensionale Abbildung der Kompetenzen ermöglichen, die auf einer theoretisch begründeten und vorab festgelegten Klassifikation der Aufgaben zu entsprechenden Fähigkeitsdimensionen basiert. Dies wird am Beispiel einiger Mathematikaufgaben erläutert. … Die zweite Erwartung an CDMs ist, dass sie eine statistisch begründete Klassifikation der Schüler bzgl. einer oder mehreren Kompetenzen in sog. Kompetenzprofilen erlauben. … Die dritte Hoffnung, die mit CDMs verbunden ist, betrifft die Modellierung von nicht-kompensatorischen Modellen, die mit etablierten statistischen Methoden nicht geschätzt werden können. (DIPF/Orig.

CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOLGICAL ASPECTS OF COMPLICATED ACUTE APPENDICITIS TREATMENT

The bacteriological investigation with determining of the microflora nature enables a rational antibiotic therapy.The aim of the research was to verify the specific composition according to the results of bacteriological investigation on appendix lumen and peritoneal extraction, and to analyze its sensitivity to antibiotics in patients with appendicular peritonitis.Materials and methods. 356 hospital records of the patients with acute appendicitis were analyzed. Local sampling of biological material was conducted during the operation to perform microbiological investigations. The antibacterial efficiency of 33 antibiotics was investigated.Results and discussion. High frequency of aerobic and anaerobic microbial associations and considerable identity of appendix and abdominal exudation microflora were confirmed. The positive result of bacteriological investigation of the pus from the abdominal cavity during appendicular peritonitis was collected in 44 (88.0%) patients. No flora growing was observed in 6 (12.0%) cases. The most efficient were gatifloxacin (100.0%), imipenem (86.1%), meropenem (85.7%).Conclusions. Growing of Escherichia coli colonies in monoculture as well as in association with other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococсus epidermidis (28.0%) was stated in 71.1% of cases. According to the results of investigations, appropriated bacterial cultures where sensitive to ftorxenolons, carbopenems and cefalosporines of the third generation and not sensitive to the antibacterial agents from the aminoglycosides, penicillin, glycopeptides, lincosamides, oxazolidones groups