Mathematical Modelling of Basic Oxygen Steel Making Process

A numerical model based on reaction the rmodynamics has been developed to simulate basic oxygen steel making process for predicting hot metal composition inside Linz-Donawitz (LD) converter with respect to blowing time. This mode l also contributes to-wards the prediction of sloping phenomenon taken place during basic oxygen steel mak-ing process. Modelling of basic oxygen steel making process has significant utility as productivity and lining life of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking(BOS)is highly dependable upon mass, momentum, energy transfer and rigorous interaction among metal,slag and gaseous phases. Comprehensive thermodynamic model of basic oxygen steel making pro-cess has been developed to predict the bath composition and temperature as well as de-carburization rate dynamically based on relevant blowing process parameters. One of the striking features of this developed model is the first time prediction of temperature vari-ation depending on evolving bath composition and generated heat from bath composition dependent feasible reactions and their extent. Moreover, this numerical model does not require off gas analysis to maintain its dynamic nature of prediction. A true attempt for the benefit of steel industry is made for predicting slopping initiation time for particular blowing condition based on correlation with model predicted decarburization rate and critical decarburization rate for bloating of metal droplet. In connection to that, formation of foamy slag and sloping possibility have been studied using thermodynamic modelling followed by multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation technique. The CFD simulation has been carried out taking different turbulence models along with vol-ume of fluid method (VOF) using ANSYS 15.0 software. CFD work demonstrates change in bath deformation profile during blowing period and also identifies the locations of dif-ferent vortexes formed owing to supersonic oxygen jet penetration. Dynamic mathemat-ical model of BOS has been interconnected with CFD simulation work for correlating fluid flow parameters with reaction behaviour inside BOS furnace. The results of devel-oped model has been comparedand validated with plant data. This work actually helps to understand basic oxygen steel making process in detail during the blowing period. De-veloped dynamic model can be used for LD converter having different capacities and accordingly this model’s application is very significant and wide in primary steel making are

A comparative study of metformin and glyburide in gestational diabetes mellitus

Background: Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. GDM provides a window of opportunity for the primary prevention of the type 2 diabetes by preventing transgeneration transmission to fetus. Insulin in management of GDM has many drawbacks, so use of OHAs has been increased worldwide.Methods: Randomized control trial was performed in patients with GDM who required medical management. Subjects were randomized into two groups and treated with Metformin and Glyburide, results were compared.Results: While comparing efficacy of metformin and glyburide in this study for maternal variables; the failure rate of metformin was found to be 9.39 times higher compared to glyburide. Glyburide was associated with 9.5 times more risk to develop hypoglycemia in mother compared to metformin. While comparing neonatal variables nursery admission was found to be more and statistically significant in neonates whose mother has received glyburide compared to metformin (p=0.03, RR=2.26). Though statistically insignificant, LGA fetuses and neonatal hypoglycemia were 2.1 times more in glyburide group compared to metformin.Conclusions: Though glyburide can be effective alternative to metformin and insulin for GDM, it is associated with higher risk of maternal hypoglycemia, neonatal hypoglycemia, LGA fetuses and higher rate of nursery admissions compared to metformin. Higher adverse neonatal outcomes with glyburide use question the widespread use of glyburide as first line management modality in GDM and also as an alternative to insulin as advised by many groups

Increasing rates of cesarean section, an upcoming public health problem: an audit of cesarean section in a tertiary care center of North India based on Robson classification

Background: Increasing rates of cesarean section during last three decades has become a cause of alarm since and a need for ongoing studies. Objective of present study was to investigate cesarean section rates as per modified Robsons Criteria and to determine area of concern which requires maximum focus to decrease overall caesarean rateMethods: This cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year (From January 2016 to December 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow.Results: Total number of deliveries for one year was 8526. Out of them, 4275 (50.1%) were vaginal and 4251 (49.9%) were abdominal. Overall maximum caesarean section rate was contributed by group 5 of modified Robsons criteria i.e. previous section, singleton, cephalic, ≥37 weeks (17.7%).Conclusions: Robson 10 group classification provides easy way in collecting information about Cesarean section rate which obtains good insight into certain birth groups. It is important that efforts to reduce the overall CS rate should focus on reducing the primary CS rate (group 1 and 2) and on increasing vaginal birth after CS (group 5). The caesarean rate is commonest in group 5 that is previous section (17.7%)

Disparity in Relation to Covid-19 Preventive Behaviour and Associated Myths among Rural and Urban Residents of Lucknow: A Community Based Study

Introduction: For curbing Covid-19 disease, adequate knowledge, attitude, and practices of both rural and urban population for Covid-19 disease prevention is required along with busting of the associated myths. Objectives: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of urban and rural residents of Lucknow district regarding covid-19 preventive behaviour and associated myths. Methodology: A community-based study was conducted among 420 rural and 421 urban residents of Lucknow. Multistage random sampling was done to select the study subjects. A pre-designed pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information regarding the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of the residents for covid-19 disease causes, prevention, and treatment. Further, KAP scoring was done to compare the two groups. Results: The mean age of the rural and urban residents was 31.48 ± 12.05 and 30.93 ± 11.96 years respectively. Only 40.4 % urban and 25.5 % rural people had correct knowledge about social distancing (p<0.0001). Knowledge regarding quarantine for covid-19 disease prevention was less among the urban residents (64.6%) as compared to rural (70.5%) (p=0.035). More than one-third (37.6%) of the rural resident believed in the myth that alcohol can prevent the covid-19 disease (p=0.003). 68.8 and 70.5 percent rural and urban residents had positive attitude towards the Indian government’ efforts in curbing the disease. Majority of the urban (90%) and rural (87.6%) residents wore mask when they went out. Only one-fourth of the urban (24.7%) and rural (22.9%) had correct practices for the duration of hand washing. Conclusion: The knowledge was more among the urban people, attitude and practices were almost similar among both the rural and urban residents while myths were more observed among the rural residents

Dvi Varshiya B. Ed. Pathyacharya Ke Prati Shikshak- Prashikshanarthiyo Ki Manovrutti

Shiksha Ek Sarvavyapi Vishay hai. yah Manav ki Sabse badi Uplabdhi hai

Dvi Varshiya B. Ed. Pathyacharya ke Prati Shikshak- Prashikshanarthiyo Ki Manovrutti

Shiksha Ek Sarvavyapi Vishay hai. yah Manav ki Sabse badi Uplabdhi hai

DVI VARSHIYA B. ED PATHYACHARYA KE PRATI SHIKSHAK-PRASHIKSHANARTHIYO KI MANOVRUTTI TATHA SHAIKSHANIK UPLABDHI

Is Shodh me Dvi Varshiya Shikshak aur Shikshanarthiyo ke Prati adhayan kiya ha

DVI VARSHIYA B. ED. SHIKSHAK- PRASHIKSHNARTHIYO KI SHAIKSHANIK UPLABDHI

Shiksha ek mahatvapurna aur sarvavyapi vishay hai , yaha manav ki uplabdhi hai

Dvi Varshiya B. Ed Pathyacharya ke Prati Shikshak-prashikshanarthiyo Ki Manovrutti Tatha Shaikshanik Uplabdhi

Is Shodh me Dvi Varshiya Shikshak aur Shikshanarthiyo ke Prati adhayan kiya ha

Dvi Varshiya B. Ed. Shikshak- Prashikshnarthiyo Ki Shaikshanik Uplabdhi

Shiksha ek mahatvapurna aur sarvavyapi vishay hai , yaha manav ki uplabdhi hai