Analysis of genetic variability in patchouli cultivars (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) by using RAPD Markers

The genetic relationships among patchouli cultivars were determined by using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology. Among 45 decamer random primers used for PCR reactions, 10 primers showed reproducible results. Out of 98 amplification products recorded, 16.7 per cent were monomorphic and 83.3 per cent were polymorphic. The highest dissimilarity (7.35) was detected between KSM 4 and 5 and the least 3.61 between KSM 2 and 3. Dendrogram constructed by cluster analysis of RAPD markers using Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Averages  (UPGMA) produced two major clusters ‘A’ and ‘B’. Cluster ‘A’ consisted of five cultivars that segregated into two sub clusters ‘A1’ and ‘A2’. Overall, RAPD analysis revealed the existence of considerable genetic variations in patchouli cultivars. This information regarding genetic variability at the molecular level could be used to identify and develop genetically unique germplasm that complements existing cultivars

Authentication in Android Smart Phones Using Gestures and Security Pin

Abstract Due to the innovations in Mobile technologies, Gestures play an important role for the Authentication in the mobile devices. With increasing popularity of the Authentications, the security risks are also growing and that is evident in the incidents of UnAuthentication in terms of various kinds. Therefore it is essential to have a mobile based Authentication system for security. Gestures allow users to interact with your app by manipulating the screen objects you provide. Security systems are rapidly being developed, as well as solutions such as remote control systems. However, even with these solutions, major problems could still result after a mobile device is lost. In this thesis, we present our upgraded Lock Screen system, which is able to support authentication for the user's convenience and provide a good security system for smartphones. We also suggest an upgraded authentication system for Android smartphones

Characterization of the first hexacoordinate phosphorus compound with S→P←S bonds

The first example of a hexacoordinate phosphorus compound [S{6-t-Bu-4-Me-C6H2O}2]2P+(Cl-· C3H4N2) with two S→P bonds is reported. This compound can be construed as an oxophosphonium salt with double intramolecular coordination by sulfur atoms. X-ray structure reveals a facial arrangement of the ligands with two coordinating sulfur atoms cis to each other. The S→P distance of 2.334 (1) Å is one among very short coordinate bond distances between sulfur and phosphorus

Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by phenytoin: a case report

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare (one to two per 10,00,00 population per year) but life threatening adverse drug reactions. Antiepileptic drugs-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction, amongst anti-epileptics; carbamazepine and phenytoin are the major culprits. We report here a case of SJS due to phenytoin (CTC vs 2 Grade 3)

Fish Diversity in Huchharayanakere, Shikaripura, Shivamogga District, Karnataka, India

Fresh water wetlands are fragile ecosystems, which are fast deterioring and shrinking due to manmade activities. The fish composition of Huchharayanakere of Shikaripura was studied for a period of twelve months from January to December 2015. The icthyo-faunal diversity of this pond confirmed the occurrence of 13 species of fishes belonging to 5 families. The family Cyprinidae represented by 9 species. Families Anabantidae, Bagridae, Clupeidae and Notopteridae were represented by only a single species. Simultaneously the physico-chemical condition of the water body revealed that water quality is suitable for fish culture. The study of fish fauna of an aquatic body is useful for planning of fisheries development. The pond needs proper management and utilization of this fish wealth and sustainable steps to monitor and conserve the fish health. The present study revealed that Huchharayanakere of Shikaripura harbors wide varieties of fish with economic importance in local and global trade. The study will provide future strategies for development and fish conservation

Phytochemical screening and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Bougainvillea spectabilis flower extracts

Various flower extracts (Chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water) of Bougainvillea spectabilis were screened for their phytochemical constituents and also investigated for their antimicrobial activities. Phytochemical screening of flower extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoides, phlobatannins and terpenoids. Steroids, phenol, tannins, cardinolides and volatile oils were absent in all the extracts. All flower extracts of B. spectabilis inhibited the growth of few of the bacterial and fungal strains tested with varied effectiveness. The maximum antibacterial activities were observed in ethanol and water extracts.  The maximum antifungal activities were observed in chloroform and ethanol extracts.  Thus the bioactive natural products in flower extracts of Bougainvillea spectabilis can be used in the development of new pharmaceuticals that address unmet therapeutic use

Botany, chemistry, and pharmaceutical significance of Sida cordifolia: a traditional medicinal plant

Sida cordifolia Linn. belonging to the family, Malvaceae has been widely employed in traditional medications in many parts of the world including India, Brazil, and other Asian and African countries. The plant is extensively used in the Ayurvedic medicine preparation. There are more than 200 plant species within the genus Sida, which are distributed predominantly in the tropical regions. The correct taxonomic identification is a major concern due to the fact that S. cordifolia looks morphologically similar with its related species. It possesses activity against various human ailments, including cancer, asthma, cough, diarrhea, malaria, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, obesity, ulcer, Parkinson’s disease, urinary infections, and many others. The medical importance of this plant is mainly correlated to the occurrence of diverse biologically active phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. The major compounds include β-phenylamines, 2-carboxylated tryptamines, quinazoline, quinoline, indole, ephedrine, vasicinone, 5-3-isoprenyl flavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-isoprenyl flavone, and 6-(isoprenyl)- 3-methoxy- 8-C-β-D-glucosyl-kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucosyl[1–4]-α-D-glucoside. The literature survey reveals that most of the pharmacological investigations on S. cordifolia are limited to crude plant extracts and few isolated pure compounds. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate many other unexplored bioactive phytoconstituents with evidences so as to justify the traditional usages of S. cordifolia. Furthermore, detailed studies on the action of mechanisms of these isolated compounds supported by clinical research are necessary for validating their application in contemporary medicines. The aim of the present chapter is to provide a detailed information on the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects of S. cordifolia

Case studies of corporate misgovernance: A new approach to financial statement analysis

ABSTRACT It appears from experiences that to-day's governance (Man-Management) has been degraded to such an extent that moral bankruptcy has become an integral part of day to day business activities -as evidenced by recent experiences -where righteousness is at a discount (account tampering, manipulation/falsification of accounts and frauds are rampant); truth has become rare, trickery is spreading and integrity is vanishing); and selfishness is growing alarmingly in all spheres of human activity. There is an urgent need to resort to the use of the proposed new and unique approach to financial statement analysis which, according to the Wharton School (University of Pennsylvania, USA) corporate finance economists, is a unique novel and revolutionary approach