Hydrophobic interaction of 2-trifluoromethyl-N 10-substituted phenoxazines with bovine serum albumin and reversal of drug resistance in bacterial cells

Objective: The objective of this study was to report the hydrophobic interaction of 2-trifluoromethyl-N10 Methods: Binding of six compounds, 10-3-substituted phenoxazines with bovine serum albumin and reversal of drug resistance in bacterial cells. '-N-morpholinopropyl-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxazine (1C), 10-4'-N-morpholinobutyl-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxazine (2C), 10-3'-N-pyrrolidinopropyl-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxazine (3C), 10-4'-N-pyrrolidinobutyl-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxazine (4C), 10-N-piperidinoacetyl-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxazine (5C), and 10-N-pyrrolidinoacetyl-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxazine (6C), to bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been measured by gel filtration and equilibrium dialysis methods. The binding of these compounds to BSA has been characterized by percentage of bound drug (β), the association constant (K), the apparent binding constant (k) and free energy (�Fo Results: The results of displacing experiments reveal that the phenoxazine benzene rings and tertiary amines attached to the side chain of phenoxazine moiety are bound to a hydrophobic region on the albumin molecule. Among the compounds examined the butyl series seems to possess better reversing ability, suggesting that the activity could be related to lipophilicity and the extent of binding to BSA.). The binding of phenoxazine derivatives to BSA, a serum protein that binds and transports small molecules, is correlated with their partition coefficients. Further, the ability of the phenoxazines (1C-6C) on the antibacterial activity of five antibiotics, kanamycin, spectinomycin, gentamycin, streptomycin and benzylpenicillin was examined for their ability to reverse the resistance of E. coli K12 MG 1655 and E. coli ST 58. Conclusions: Phenoxazines are bound to albumin by hydrophobic interactions of their benzene rings. The alkyl side chain, particularly butyl chain of phenoxazines intensifies the interaction of phenoxazines with BSA. The compound that binds to a greater extent with protein possesses more activity for reversing of drug resistance. © 2015, International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. All right resurved

Elevated serum Homocysteine levels a possible non-invasive diagnostic biomarker in patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Lack of independent biomarkers is very much evident in NAFLD. Early detection of NAFLD is difficult due to the absence of specific diagnostic and prognostic markers and clinical symptoms. We retrospectively collected the information of patients hospitalised with NAFLD diagnosis and metabolic syndrome during 2019-2020 using the tertiary care hospital inpatient sample database and evaluated the changes in their serum homocysteine levels. We found that 59.063% of NAFLD in the male population and 41.667% of NAFLD in the female population had increased serum homocysteine. This shows that elevated serum homocysteine can act as a potential biomarker for NAFLD

Riemann Soliton within the framework of contact geometry

In this paper, we study contact metric manifold whose metric is a Riemann soliton. First, we consider Riemann soliton (g; V ) with V as  contact vector eld on a Sasakian manifold (M; g) and in this case we prove that M is either of constant curvature +1 (and V is Killing) or D-homothetically xed -Einstein manifold (and V leaves the structure tensor φ invariant). Next, we prove that if a compact K-contact manifold whose metric g is a gradient almost Riemann soliton, then it is Sasakian and isometric to a unit sphere S2n+1. Further, we study H-contact  manifold admitting a Riemann soliton (g; V ) where V is pointwise collinear with .Key words: Contact metric manifold, Riemann soliton, gradient almost Riemann soliton

Synthesis, crystal structure and photoluminescence study of green light emitting bis(1[(4-butylphenyl)imino]methyl naphthalen-2-ol) Ni(II) complex

Synthetically feasible and cost effective Ni(II) complex phosphor (4) as green organic light emitting diode (OLED) was prepared by using Schiff base 1-[(4-butylphenyl)imino]methyl naphthalen-2-ol (3). The single crystals of Ni(II) complex were grown from chloroform and hexane (1:1 v/v) solution. The green crystals of the complex were characterized by using single crystal XRD studies and were evaluated for their photophysical properties. From the Diffused Reflectance Spectrum of the complex, the measured band gap energy was found to be 1.83 eV and the PL spectrum of the complex showed emission peak at 519 nm. The excitation peaks at 519 nm were appeared at 394 nm and 465 nm. The Commission Internationale De L'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity diagram indicated that, the complex exhibit green color. Hence, Ni(II) complex (4) could be a promising green OLED for developing strong electroluminescent materials for flat panel display applications

Study of χbJ(nP)→ωΥ(1S)\chi_{bJ}(nP) \rightarrow \omega \Upsilon(1S) at Belle

We report results from a study of hadronic transitions of the $\chi_{bJ}(nP)$ states of bottomonium at Belle. The $P$-wave states are reconstructed in transitions to the $\Upsilon(1S)$ with the emission of an $\omega$ meson. The transitions of the $n=2$ triplet states provide a unique laboratory in which to study nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics, as the kinematic threshold for production of an $\omega$ and $\Upsilon(1S)$ lies between the $J=0$ and $J=1$ states. A search for the $\chi_{bJ}(3P)$ states is also reported