Development of algorithm for identification of maligant growth in cancer using artificial neural network

The precise identification and characterization of small pulmonary nodules at low-dose CT is a necessary requirement for the completion of valuable lung cancer screening. It is compulsory to develop some automated tool, in order to detect pulmonary nodules at low dose ct at the beginning stage itself. The numerous algorithms had been proposed earlier by many researchers in the past, but, the accuracy of prediction is always a challenging task. In this work, an artificial neural network based methodology is proposed to find the irregular growth of lung tissues. Higher probability of detection is taken as a goal to get an automated tool, with great accuracy. The finest feature sets derived from Haralick Gray level co occurrence Matrix and used as the dimension reduction way for feeding neural network. In this work, a binary Binary classifier neural network has been proposed to identify the normal images out of all the images. The capability of the proposed neural network has been quantitatively computed using confusion matrix and found in terms of classification accuracy

Soft White Tissue Detection From Pressure Ulcer Images Using Anisotropic Diffused Total Variation Fuzzy C Means

The goal of image segmentation is to cluster pixels into salient image regions. It can identify the regions of interest in an image or annotate the data. In medical imaging, these segments often correspond to different tissue classes, pathologies, or other biologically relevant structures. Medical image segmentation is made difficult by low contrast, noise, and other imaging ambiguities. The goal of segmentation of pressure ulcer images is to find out the level of tissue wound and soft white tissue present. Soft white tissue protein level changes are mostly found in elderly people. Soft white tissue present may be dark red or light yellow gel based on the different imaging modes of severity of pressure ulcer. This helps in diagnosing the disease and to plan for the treatment. The soft white tissue detection is made difficult for the segmentation because of the noise present in the image. Clustering techniques are best suited to segment the input images with noise. Clustering is usually performed when no information is available concerning to the membership of data items to predefined classes. For this reason clustering is traditionally seen as a part of unsupervised learning

Socio-economic Impact Assessment of Livelihood Security in Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture on the Tsunami-hit Lands of Andaman

Indian subcontinent is highly vulnerable to major natural disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, floods, droughts, landslides and bushfires. Tsunami, which is a recent addition to this list, had occurred in the early morning of 26th December 2004, after a massive earthquake of 9.2 magnitude on the Richter scale in Andaman & Nicobar islands, resulting in the submergence of large area of farmland, and subsequent drying up of water bodies. It caused moisture stress for the standing crops, livestock and fisheries and affected the livelihood of the people to a large extent. In this context, the present study has been carried out to make the socio-economic impact assessment of livelihood security in agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture on the tsunami-hit lands of Andaman. Data have been collected from 150 sample respondents and the survey has been conducted for two periods, pre-tsunami and post-tsunami. The results have indicated that tsunami has ravaged the households, standing crops, farm inputs such as seed, feed and implements, livestock and poultry population, their sheds, fish ponds, etc., thereby affecting the basic livelihood security of the people in Andaman. The rehabilitation measures taken by the government and NGOs have improved their livelihoods by reviving agriculture considerably in the subsequent years and by creating employment opportunities in various farm and non-farm activities. The paper has suggested creating profitable livelihood security to vulnerable sections of the society in the existing socio-economic penury with holistic intervention of the community, government and NGOs.Agricultural and Food Policy,

A New Digital Video Watermarking Using Decimated Wavelet and Principle Component Analysis in YCbCr Domain

Digital watermarking is a technology used for security and for the copyright protection of digital media application. In this letter, we introduced “A New Digital Video Watermarking Using Decimated Wavelet and Principle Component Analysis in YCbCr domain”. First, the input video stream will be divided into number of frames and then select one frame to embed the information into it. Now convert it into YCbCr color space and apply DWT followed by PCA to get the watermarked frame then replace this frame with the original frame to obtain the watermarked video. It has also tested for various attacks such asRST, cropping, compression, filtering and Gaussian noise successfully with reduced bit error. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM) used to measure the quality of watermarked frame. Simulated results had shown that the proposed algorithm gives more superior results and higher imperceptibility over existing algorithm in terms of quality metrics

An investigation on image denoising technique using pixel-component-analysis

This paper authenticates a proficient image denoising scheme with the analysis local pixel coherence. In the dominion of a study about noise and pixel elements in image processing, the influence of the Gaussian effect on image contrast plays a key role. It is found in particular that pixel variations may be vast in some cases which potentially tend to develop irregularities in the image

PRELIMINARY MYCOCHEMICAL, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS, AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF CALOCERA VISCOSA (PERS.) FR.

Objectives: Calocera viscosa, commonly called as the yellow stagshorn, is a jelly fungus, belongs to the family of Dacrymycetales, unknown for its medicinal properties and biological activities. Method: The sporocarps of C. viscosa (Pers.) Fr. were collected from Agumbe, Karnataka. Mycochemical and Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis done by standard procedures and antibacterial activity was done by agar well diffusion method. Results: Physicochemical was analyzed and results revealed the highest percentage of alcohol-soluble extractives were present followed by ash content. Alcohol-soluble extractives were 20.76%, total moisture content (10.9%), and foreign matter (0.5%). Extraction was done by Soxhlet apparatus using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol and subjected to qualitative mycochemicals analysis both petroleum ether and chloroform extract confirms less mycochemicals, whereas ethanolic extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, glycosides, terpenoids, and phenols. GC–MS analysis of ethanoic extract showed many known bioactive compounds in that, 19 compounds were unknown and 21 compounds were known for its medicinal properties, most of them were food additives and flavoring agents. Antibacterial potentials were studied against pathogenic bacteria revealed that ethanolic extract showed appreciable zone of inhibition against pathogenic bacteria, in that maximum zone of inhibition showed against Klebsiella pneumonia followed by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: C. viscosa (Pers.) Fr. sporocarp can be explored for potential antibacterial with rich full of useful mycochemicals

Size Differential Growth And Uptake Kinetics Of Inorganic Phosphate In Some Marine Diatoms

The marine diatoms such as Amphiprora gigantea O'Meara, Amphora coffeaeformis (Agardh) Kütz., Cocconeis heteroidea Hantz and Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz. isolated from the coastal waters were made axenic and investigated for their growth, kinetics of phosphate uptake and assimilation. Phosphate-phosphorus at higher concentration depressed growth and division rates of all the diatoms. The uptake and assimilation of phosphate-phosphorus followed the classic Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Dark uptake was 37-71% when compared to light saturated uptake. Amphiprora gigantean, the largest diatom showed the low Ks and Km values whereas the smallest diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana exhibited high Ks and Km values for phosphate uptake and assimilation. DCMU inhibited phosphate uptake even at 2.5µM concentration indicated that the phosphate uptake is mediated mainly by the energy derived from photosynthesi