Visible light communication for advanced driver assistant systems

VIsible light communication for advanced Driver Assistant Systems (VIDAS) is an outdoor application using the visible spectrum of light emitting diodes (LED). A simple traffic light set up based on LED traffic lights for traffic information transmission has been analyzed in this paper. Various important design parameters have been optimized through intensive investigation based on gain variation over 100 m of transmission range. This process is expected to simplify the front-end receiver design and enhance the performance of the receiver which is one of the most critical elements in a visible light communication (VLC) transceiver, especially in outdoor applications. Our design results show receiver adaptability for different packet sizes and different distances.FCT project VIDAS – PDTC/EEA-TEL/75217/200

KNOWLEDGE AND HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOR RELATED TO KALA-AZAR IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF EAST CHAMPARAN DISTRICT, BIHAR

  Objective: To find out the sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and health seeking behavior related to KA in the East Champaran district, Bihar among study subject.Methods: A case-control study was conducted to understand the knowledge and health seeking behavior related to KA in the East Champaran district. A total of 100 KA cases and 100 healthy controls selected from the neighborhoods of cases.Results: The knowledge of the population showed that the male constituted 58% of the total population in which 56% were case and 60% were control. Majority of the respondent 76.5% were aware from the KA. Maximum of the respondent 72.5% believed that biting time of sand flies were in the night. Moreover, 71% respondent cannot know how to protect the KA transmission.Conclusion: These results will be useful for further improvement in the KA control programs for intervention strategies. The knowledge of the study subject about KA, the vectors, the transmission of KA, and control measures was poor which needs some effort of the public health system by the Ministry working in the field of health

Osteoblastoma-like Osteosarcoma of the Cuboid: A Case Report

Osteosarcoma most commonly arises in the long bones of the skeleton, and rarely develops in the bones of the foot. We describe a patient who presented with left foot pain, whose radiographic evaluation revealed a lytic destructive mass in the cuboid bone. A biopsy showed an osteoblastoma-like variant of osteosarcoma and the patient was treated with preoperative chemotherapy and amputation. Osteosarcoma of the foot is uncommon and the literature reveals that it is often associated with a delay in diagnosis

कोमन कार्प (सिप्रनस काप्रियो ) मछलियों में प्रजनन तथा अधिक बीज उत्पादन

अलवण जल कोमन कार्प के प्रजनन तकनीक ; प्रजनकों का चयन आदि पर विवरण दिया गया ह

हरियाणा में मत्स्य पालन की प्रगति वा संभावनायें

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COMPARISION OF LOCAL ANAESTHETIC POTENTIALS OF DRUGS HAVING MEMBRANE STABILIZING EFFECT ON INFILTRATION ANAESTHESIA IN GUINEA PIGS

Objective : To compare the local anaesthetic action of central neuron sodium channel blockers Phenytoin Sodium, Sodium Valproate and Carbamazepine with peripheral neuron sodium channel blockers Lignocaine using Infiltration anaesthesia in guinea pigs Material and Methods: In the present study,the local anaesthetic effect of Lignocaine with concentration of 0.2%, 0.1% ,0.05% was compared with Phenytoin Sodium, Sodium Valproate and Carbamazepine in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.1% ,0.05% using different dilutions of  0.05N,0.1N,0.2N HCL  in guinea pig by pricking on the skin produces a squeak or  movement  indicating pain is produced. Results : The results of our present study suggest onset of local anaesthesia with lignocaine 0.2% is significantly fast when compared with concentration of 0.1%, and 0.05% indicating it has better efficacy  when  using for various   local anaesthetic  procedures. In addition onset of local anaesthesia with Phenytoin sodium concentrations of 0.2%, 0.1% ,0.05%  is fast  when compared with Sodium valproate concentrations of 0.2%, 0.1% ,0.05%  and  Carbamazepine concentrations 0.2%, 0.1% ,0.05%. Conclusion: Among antiepileptic drugs with local anaesthesia and  membrane stabilizing activity Phenytoin sodium showed fast on set of action when compared with sodium valproate and Carbamazepine indicating it has better efficacy. Keywords : Local Anaesthetics, Membrane Stabilizing, Infiltration anaesthesia

मछ्ली तालाबॉ में पाई जाने वाली कुछ सामान्य बीमारियँ तथा उपचार

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Predicting Opioid Use Outcomes in Minoritized Communities

Machine learning algorithms can sometimes exacerbate health disparities based on ethnicity, gender, and other factors. There has been limited work at exploring potential biases within algorithms deployed on a small scale, and/or within minoritized communities. Understanding the nature of potential biases may improve the prediction of various health outcomes. As a case study, we used data from a sample of 539 young adults from minoritized communities who engaged in nonmedical use of prescription opioids and/or heroin. We addressed the indicated issues through the following contributions: 1) Using machine learning techniques, we predicted a range of opioid use outcomes for participants in our dataset; 2) We assessed if algorithms trained only on a majority sub-sample (e.g., Non-Hispanic/Latino, male), could accurately predict opioid use outcomes for a minoritized sub-sample (e.g., Latino, female). Results indicated that models trained on a random sample of our data could predict a range of opioid use outcomes with high precision. However, we noted a decrease in precision when we trained our models on data from a majority sub-sample, and tested these models on a minoritized sub-sample. We posit that a range of cultural factors and systemic forms of discrimination are not captured by data from majority sub-samples. Broadly, for predictions to be valid, models should be trained on data that includes adequate representation of the groups of people about whom predictions will be made. Stakeholders may utilize our findings to mitigate biases in models for predicting opioid use outcomes within minoritized communities

US News and Social Media Framing around Vaping

In this paper, we investigate how vaping is framed differently (2008-2021) between US news and social media. We analyze 15,711 news articles and 1,231,379 Facebook posts about vaping to study the differences in framing between media varieties. We use word embeddings to provide two-dimensional visualizations of the semantic changes around vaping for news and for social media. We detail that news media framing of vaping shifted over time in line with emergent regulatory trends, such as; flavored vaping bans, with little discussion around vaping as a smoking cessation tool. We found that social media discussions were far more varied, with transitions toward vaping both as a public health harm and as a smoking cessation tool. Our cloze test, dynamic topic model, and question answering showed similar patterns, where social media, but not news media, characterizes vaping as combustible cigarette substitute. We use n-grams to detail that social media data first centered on vaping as a smoking cessation tool, and in 2019 moved toward narratives around vaping regulation, similar to news media frames. Overall, social media tracks the evolution of vaping as a social practice, while news media reflects more risk based concerns. A strength of our work is how the different techniques we have applied validate each other. Stakeholders may utilize our findings to intervene around the framing of vaping, and may design communications campaigns that improve the way society sees vaping, thus possibly aiding smoking cessation; and reducing youth vaping

Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Trajectory of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte States in Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has few effective treatments. Immunotherapy, an attractive alternative strategy, remains challenging with the lack of knowledge on the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) landscape in PDAC. To generate a reference of T-cell subpopulations, we profiled 80,000 T cells from 57 PDAC samples, 22 uninvolved/normal samples, and cultured TIL using single-cell transcriptomic and T-cell receptor analysis. These data revealed 20 cell states and heterogeneous distributions of TIL populations. The CD8+ TIL contained a putative transitional GZMK+ population based on T-cell receptor clonotype sharing, and cell-state trajectory analysis showed similarity to a GZMB+PRF1+ cytotoxic and a CXCL13+ dysfunctional population. Statistical analysis suggested that certain TIL states, such as dysfunctional and inhibitory populations, often occurred together. Finally, analysis of cultured TIL revealed that high-frequency clones from effector populations were preferentially expanded. These data provide a framework for understanding the PDAC TIL landscape for future TIL use in immunotherapy for PDAC