Geometric phaselike effects in a quantum heat engine

By periodically driving the temperatures of reservoirs in quantum heat engines, geometric phase or Pancharatnam-Berry phase-like (PBp) effects in the thermodynamics can be observed. The PBp can be identified from a generating function (GF) method within an adiabatic quantum Markovian master equation formalism. The GF is shown not to lead to a standard open quantum system's fluctuation theorem in presence of phase-different modulations with an inapplicability in the use of the popular large deviation theory. Effect of coherences on the optimized value of the flux is nullified due to PBp contributions. The PBp causes the universality of the linear coefficient in the expansion of the efficiency at maximum power in terms of Carnot efficiency to be violated.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Hearts and Minds: What explains the intensity of insurgent violence in India’s NER?

India’s Northeastern region (NER) is defined by some of the world’s longest-running armed insurgencies, and a patchwork of special institutions defined on ethnic/tribal lines. Using an assembly constituency level panel dataset from 1994-2017, this paper examines the demographic, political and economic factors associated with high insurgent violence in the NER. The findings show that electing politicians with criminal records was associated with the lowest number of casualties in insurgent violence. In keeping with the counter-insurgency maxim of ’hearts and minds’, higher water and electricity is associated with mildly lower intensity of violence. However, a 1 percent increase in the percentage of young, unemployed, college-educated males is associated with 25 percent higher casualties. I then focus on a case where an ethnic group secured an autonomous territory within an Indian state in 2003, under the terms of a peace accord between insurgents and the government. Using a geographic regression discontinuity design, I show that arrangements for ethnic autonomy and land rights reduce economic activity (measured by nightlights); but the gap reduced over from 1996 to 2017

The Impact of Government Restrictions on Human Mobility: Which States Performed Better?

Indian central and state governments have imposed restrictions on human mobility to slow the spread of COVID-19. Based on state government directives and mobility data from Google, we find that similar restrictions did not lead to equal reductions in mobility across states before the national lockdown. Maharashtra’s restrictions were the most effective in reducing mobility by a large margin. The national lockdown had a larger and more uniform effect for most states

The Impact of COVID-19 Mobility Restrictions in India: Comparing State and Central responses

Indian central and state governments have imposed restrictions on human mobility to slow the spread of COVID-19. Based on state government directives and mobility data from Google, we find that similar restrictions did not lead to equal reductions in mobility across states before the national lockdown. Maharashtra’s restrictions were the most effective in reducing mobility by a large margin. The national lockdown had a larger and more uniform effect for most states

Characteristic functions for \MakeLowercase{(r, n)}-free and \MakeLowercase{(f, g)}-free elements

For a prime power $q$, \F denotes the finite field of order $q$, and for $m\geq 2$, \Fm denotes the extension field of degree $m$. We establish a characteristic function for the set of $(r,\, n)$-free elements of finite cyclic $R$-module for the Euclidean domain $R$. Furthermore, we explore $(f,\, g)$-freeness through polynomial values and finally give an expression for the characteristic function for the set of $(f,\, g)$-free elements.Comment: 10 page

Response of Bio-priming in okra for vegetable production

The field experiment was conducted at District Seed Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal in summer season of 2011 and 2012. Pre-sowing bio-priming was done with Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens with an un-primed control to assess the trend of okra varieties viz., Lalu, Arka Anamika, Ramya, Satsira, Lady Luck,Debpusa Jhar,Japani Jhar and Barsha Laxmi  due to bio-priming of seeds towards vegetable production Significant variation among the varieties was noted for all the characters studied. Okra variety Lalu gave highest vegetable yield per plant in both years and it was statistically at par with Arka Anamika. Vegetable yield per plant was increased by 4.33 to 20.08% in first year and 3.68 to 19.60% in second year with T. viride as compared to P. fluorescens and un-primed control. Individual varieties indicated that vegetable yield per plant was maximum with Lalu when priming was made with both the bio-inoculants followed by Arka Anamika during both years. Hence, Lalu and Arka Anamika may be recommended for experimental region for higher yield and pre-sowing seed bio-priming may be recommended with both T.viride and  P. fluorescens for enhanced vegetable yield of okra. &nbsp