Damshaja Shula: A Review

Ayurveda has mentioned the bite of Sarpa(snakes), Keeta(incects), Luta(spider), Vrischika(scorpion), Mooshaka(rat), etc., the Jangama Visha (animate poisons), their characteristic symptoms and its management, in a very special branch of Ayurveda termed as Agada tantra. Ayurveda Acharyas have given special attention to Jangama Visha(animate poisons) and are described in the classics as a special entity. Damsha(bite) is the most common in animal poisons. The most common and early symptom is pain. In the management of all types of jangama visha damsha traditional and regional knowledge are available. Administration of anti- venom and sthavaravisha(plant poison) are used as an antidote for all jangama visha damsha. Ayurveda has explained numerous medicinal plants in the management of jangama visha damsha. Pain management plays a major role in management of animal poisoning. Most of the Ayurveda formulations used in management of bite have multiple actions rather than on single symptom like pain. Keywords: Pain, Sarpa, Keeta, Loota, damsha, Chikits

Catalytic Hydrogenation of Sorbic Acid using Pyrazolyl Palladium(II) and Nickel(II) Complexes as Precatalysts

We have prepared several pyrazolyl palladium and nickel complexes ([(L1)PdCl2] (1), [(L2) PdCl2] (2), [(L3) PdCl2] (3), [(L1) NiBr2] (4), [(L2) NiBr2] (5) and [(L3)  NiBr2] (6)) by reacting 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (L1), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazole (L2) and 5-ferrocenyl-1H-pyrazole(L3) with [PdCl2(NCMe)2] or  [NiBr2(DME)] to afford mononuclear palladium and nickel complexes, respectively. These complexes were then investigated as pre-catalysts in the  hydrogenation of 2,4-hexadienoic acid (sorbic acid). The active catalysts from these complexes demonstrate significant activities under mild experimental  conditions. Additionally, the active catalysts show that the hydrogenation of sorbic acid proceeds in a sequential manner, where the less hindered C=C  bond (4-hexenoic acid) is preferentially reduced over the more hindered C=C bond (2-hexenoic acid)

Submental Intubation Including Extubation: Airway Complications of Maxillomandibular Fixation

Hernandez first described the submental route for endotracheal intubation in 1986 as an alternative airway maneuver for maxillofacial procedures. Since that time, several case studies have been performed demonstrating the efficacy of the submental approach. This method was recently implemented in the case of a patient with altered nasal anatomy who sustained a mandibular fracture necessitating maxillomandibular fixation. Unlike most of the cases described in the literature, this patient’s operative course was confounded by the need to extubate through the submental tunnel. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was able to avoid other forms of surgical airway

Case Report Submental Intubation Including Extubation: Airway Complications of Maxillomandibular Fixation

Hernandez first described the submental route for endotracheal intubation in 1986 as an alternative airway maneuver for maxillofacial procedures. Since that time, several case studies have been performed demonstrating the efficacy of the submental approach. This method was recently implemented in the case of a patient with altered nasal anatomy who sustained a mandibular fracture necessitating maxillomandibular fixation. Unlike most of the cases described in the literature, this patient's operative course was confounded by the need to extubate through the submental tunnel. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was able to avoid other forms of surgical airway