Distilling Quantum Entanglement via Mode-Matched Filtering

We propose a new avenue towards distillation of quantum entanglement that is implemented by directly passing the entangled qubits through a mode-matched filter. This approach can be applied to a common class of entanglement impurities appearing in photonic systems where the impurities inherently occupy different spatiotemporal modes than the entangled qubits. As a specific application, we show that our method can be used to significantly purify the telecom-band entanglement generated via the Kerr nonlinearity in single-mode fibers where a substantial amount of Raman-scattering noise is concomitantly produced.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Induced breeding of Cresent Perch, Terapon jarbua under controlled conditions

822-824Crescent Perch, Terapon jarbua is an important candidate species for brackish water ornamental and food fishes. This fish inhabits brackish water of much of the tropical and sub-tropical Indo-Pacific region on sandy bottom including estuaries. During December 2014, a fully matured female with average egg diameter of 450 μ along with two oozing males were selected for induced spawning trials. Fishes were induced to spawn with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, HCG hormone @300 IU/kg body weight and Luteinising Hormone Releasing Hormone analogue, LHRHa @ 75 µg/kg body weight; half the hormone dose was administered to male fishes. After 36 h of post-injection, all sets were spawned (fertilized egg mean size: 720 µ± 34.96 µ); the eggs were semi-buoyant in nature, Hatching was noticed after 16-18 h of incubation period. Average size of hatchlings was 2.04 mm ± 0.05 with the yolk sac length of 75 µ and presence of a single oil globule. A total of 3 lakh newly hatched larvae from four sets were collected and used for standardization of nursery rearing protocol. The larvae were reared for 60 days feeding with rotifers and artemia nauplii which then reached the fry size of 30 mm with 20% of survival rate

A Comparative study of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia in Children for Infraumblical Surgeries: A Study of 60 Cases

This is a randomized controlled study involving 60 cases of children of age between 7 and 12 years posted for elective infraumblical surgeries under spinal anaeshesia. They are allotted into two groups, Group R receiving 0.5% ropivacaine and Group B receiving 0.5% bupivcaine. The following parameters are noted in the study periods. The onset of sensory block, maximum height of sensory block, time taken to reach the maximum height of sensory block, two segment regression time, onset of motor block, mean duration of sensory & motor block and quality of block. The hemodynamic parameters noted are pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation with pulse oximeters. The use of atropine and vasopressors are noted. Any complications during the study are also noted. According to the study, there was significant delay in onset of sensory and motor block in ropivacaine group. There was earlier two segment regression time in ropivacaine group. There was earlier offset of sensory and motor block and time taken for micturition was earlier in ropivacaine group. The quality of block was adequate in both groups. The hemodynamic parameters were well maintained in both groups. Thus ropivacaine provides a good alternative to bupivacaine in case of short duration of surgeries. It is more suitable in cases of ambulatory surgeries where the patients meet the discharge criteria earlier and can be discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSION: Ropivacaine used for spinal anaesthesia in children has delayed onset of sensory and motor block. It also has faster offset of sensory and motor block with adequate quality of block compared to that of bupivacaine. It is concluded that Ropivacaine can be used as a good alternative to Bupivacaine in case of shorter duration of surgeries especially in ambulatory setup

All-optical switching of photonic entanglement

Future quantum optical networks will require the ability to route entangled photons at high speeds, with minimal loss and added in-band noise, and---most importantly---without disturbing the photons' quantum state. Here we present an all-optical switch which fulfills these requirements and characterize its performance at the single photon level. It exhibits a 200-ps switching window, 120:1 contrast, 1.5-dB loss, and induces no measurable degradation in the switched photons' entangled-state fidelity (< 0.002). As a proof-of-principle demonstration of its capability, we use the switch to demultiplex a single quantum channel from a dual-channel, time-division-multiplexed entangled photon stream. Furthermore, because this type of switch couples the temporal and spatial degrees of freedom, it provides an important new tool with which to encode multiple-qubit quantum states on a single photon

Targeting PPARy signaling cascade for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a member of the hormone-activated nuclear receptor superfamily. PPARγ can be activated by a diverse group of agents, such as endogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids, 15-deoxy- Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), and thiazolidinedione (TZD) drugs. PPARγ induces antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and prodifferentiation pathways in several tissue types, thus making it a highly useful target for downregulation of carcinogenesis. These TZD-derived novel therapeutic agents, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs, have translational relevance in fostering effective strategies for cancer treatment. TZDs have been proven for antitumor activity in a wide variety of experimental cancer models, both in vitro and in vivo, by affecting the cell cycle, inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, as well as by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. Angiogenesis inhibition mechanisms of TZDs include direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation and migration, as well as reduction in tumor cell vascular endothelial growth factor production. In prostate cancer, PPARγ ligands such as troglitazone and 15d-PGJ2 have also shown to inhibit tumor growth. This paper will focus on current discoveries in PPARγ activation, targeting prostate carcinogenesis as well as the role of PPARγ as a possible anticancer therapeutic option. Here, we review PPARγ as an antitumor agent and summarize the antineoplastic effects of PPARγ agonists in prostate cancer

PREVENTION OF DNA SUGAR, HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES AND ERYTHROCYTES DAMAGES FROM FREE RADICAL INDUCED OXIDATION BY NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS

Objective: The present study focused on the identification of particular extract which shows signification protection of DNA sugar against excessive oxidation. Methods: The different extracts (water, alcohol, alcohol: water, and hexane) of Agathi seeds (Sesbania grandiflora Linn) were evaluated using various antioxidant and other relevant assays like DNA sugar protection and antioxidant activities. Results: The alcohol: water (1:1) extract of S. grandiflora Linn seeds showed the highest antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. It inhibited membrane lipid peroxidation by 55% at 50 μg/ml, scavenged approximately 69% of hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazayl radicals at 2–3 fold lower concentrations compared to the other extracts. In addition, the alcohol: water extract inhibited ferrous sulfate: ascorbate-induced sugar oxidation of DNA and also showed non-toxic nature against lymphocytes. Conclusion: These results establish the antioxidant potential of the extract, which could be used as natural antioxidant source

Ultrasound is not useful as a screening tool for dengue fever

Background: Dengue fever is a tropical disease that is transmitted by female Aedes Aegypti mosquitos. Early diagnosis is necessary to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with the disease. A combination of clinical, laboratory, and sonography findings can be potentially helpful in making an early diagnosis of dengue fever. There is paucity of literature on the use of ultrasound for dengue fever screening; hence, the primary objective of the study was to evaluate the utility of ultrasound as a screening tool in dengue fever. Material/Methods: A total of 160 patients of suspected dengue fever were included in the study. They underwent ultrasound examinations in order to search for thickening of the gallbladder wall, pleural effusion, and ascites. On the basis of ultrasound findings, 65 cases were positive and 95 cases were negative for dengue fever. Serological tests were also used for diagnosing dengue fever, 93 cases were seropositive and 67 cases were seronegative. The ultrasonically diagnosed cases were compared with serologically diagnosed cases, and appropriate descriptive statistical analyses were applied. Results: The ultrasound findings included gall bladder wall thickening in 66 patients (41.2%). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of ultrasound in diagnosing dengue fever were 58%, 84%, and 83%, respectively. The negative predictive value and accuracy were 59% and 68.8%, respectively. Conclusions: The present study suggests that increased gall bladder wall thickness, pleural effusion, ascites, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly are highly suggestive of dengue fever in clinically suspected cases. However, ultrasound should not be used as a screening tool, as negative ultrasound findings cannot rule out dengue fever due to the low sensitivity of this examination