Some issues on choices of modalities for multimodal biometric systems

Biometrics-based authentication has advantages over other mechanisms, but there are several variabilities and vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. No single modality or combinations of modalities can be applied universally that is best for all applications. This paper deliberates different combinations of physiological biometric modalities with different levels of fusion. In our experiments, we have selected Face, Palmprint, Finger Knuckle Print, Iris, and Handvein modalities. All themodalities are of image type and publicly available, comprising at least 100 users. Proper selection of modalities for fusion can yield desired level of performance. Through our experiments it is learnt that a multimodal system which is considered just by increasing number of modalities by fusion would not yield the desired level of performance. Many alternate options for increased performance are presented

<span style="font-size:13.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt" lang="EN-GB">Genetic uniformity analysis of cryopreseved<i> in vitro</i> plantlets of <i>Kaempferia galanga</i> L.—An endangered medicinal species in Tropical Asia </span>

425-428While using the protocols for the long-term conservation, assessment of true-to-type regenerants from cryopreserved materials is important. In the present study, no significant variation in banding pattern was noticed in the RAPD profile of cryopreserved and control samples of shoot tip-derived Kaempferia galanga plants. But in the case of somatic embryo-derived samples, some variation was observed in the banding pattern (16.2% polymorphism), though the plants were phenotypically similar. Recovery of cryopreserved somatic embryos in K. galanga was preceded through a callus phase, from which secondary embryos were induced later. The RAPD profile of somatic embryo-derived samples revealed that variation was due to the occurrence of callus phase. As minor genetic variations arising in in vitro cultures without marked phenotypic changes are considered to be beneficial for diversity conservation and sustainable utilization, cryopreserved somatic embryos of K. galanga would serve as an alternative for generating and maintaining genetic diversity of this medicinal wealth

A new watershed model based system for character segmentation in degraded text lines

Character segmentation from text lines in degraded historical document images is challenging due to complex background and non-availability of regular structures of text patterns. This paper proposes a new method based on watershed model for segmenting characters from text lines in degraded historical document images. The proposed method filters out noise pixels by exploring Sobel and Laplacian values of pixels, which results in edges that represent text components. We then propose watershed model for studying non-linear spacing between characters based on the fact that watersheds provide information about water flow and volume of collection of water. Experimental results on different datasets, which include degraded historical document images called Indus documents and other Indian scripts, show that the proposed method segments characters better than the existing character segmentation methods in terms of recall and precision

Multimodal biometric fusion of face and palmprint at various levels

Recent years have witnessed researchers paying enormous attention to design efficient multi-modal biometric systems because of their ability to withstand spoof attacks. Single biometric sometimes fails to extract adequate information for verifying the identity of a person 7. On the other hand, by combining multiple modalities, enhanced performance reliability could be achieved. In this paper, we have fused face and palmprint modalities at all levels of fusion viz sensor level, feature level, decision level and score level. For this purpose, we have selected modality specific feature extraction algorithms for face and palmprint such as LDA and LPQ respectively. Popular databases AR (for face) and PolyU (for Palmprint) were considered for evaluation purposes. Rigorous experiments were conducted both under clean and noisy conditions to ascertain robust level of fusion and impact of fusion strategies at various levels of fusion for these two modalities. Results are substantiated with appropriate analysis

3-Aminophenol as a novel coupling agent for the spectrophotometric determination of sulfonamide derivatives

A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of some sulfa drugs is described. The method is based on the formation of orange yellow colored azo product by the diazotization of sulfonamides, viz., dapsone (DAP), sulfathiazole (SFT), sulfadiazine (SFD), sulfacetamide (SFA), sulfamethoxazole (SFMx), sulfamerazine (SFMr), sulfaguanidine (SFG) and sulfadimidine (SFDd) followed by a coupling reaction with 3-aminophenol in aqueous medium. Absorbance of the resulting orange yellow product is measured at 460 nm and is stable for 6 days at 27°C. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.05–8.0 μg/ml at the wavelength of maximum absorption. The method is successfully employed for the determination of sulfonamides in various pharmaceutical preparations and common excipients used as additives in pharmaceuticals do not interfere in the proposed method. Plausible reaction mechanism is proposed for the formation of the azo product

Riesz fractional based model for enhancing license plate detection and recognition

One of the major causes of poor results in license plate recognition is low quality of images affected by multiple factors, such as severe illumination condition, complex background, different weather conditions, night light, and perspective distortions. In this paper, we propose a new mathematical model based on Riesz fractional operator for enhancing details of edge information in license plate images to improve the performances of text detection and recognition methods. The proposed model performs convolution operation of the Riesz fractional derivative over each input image by enhancing the edge strength in it. To test the performance of the proposed model, we conduct experiments on benchmark license plate image databases, namely, UCSD and ICDAR 2015-SR competition text image databases. Experimental results on enhancement show that the proposed model outperforms the existing baseline enhancement techniques in terms of quality measures. Furthermore, experimental results on text detection and recognition show that text detection and recognition rates are improved significantly after enhancement compared with before enhancement

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Not AvailableThis publication documents farm innovations and evidences of resilient practices and technologies in predominantly rainfed districts in the three states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Maharashtra.Not Availabl