First experience in operation of cold model of fb-clc-sf (fluidized-bed chemical-looping-combustion solid-fuels) facility

The first experiences with the cold model of dual fluidized bed unit designed for chemical looping combustion of solid fuels (FB-CLC-SF) will be presented. The constructed facility combines two different type reactors. The first one, which is the Air Reactor (AR) is operated in a regime of fast fluidized bed, whereas, the second one, which is the Fuel Reactor (FR) works under bubbling fluidized bed conditions. However, the integrated reactors make the whole construction being a CFB-type (Circulating Fluidized Bed) unit. The facility is made entirely of transparent material (Plexiglas). This feature supports effectively the measurements, which enables to conduct the comprehensive studies in the field of investigations. During this research, the air was used for bed fluidization in both reactors. As an inventory, the round glass beads were employed, since they size and density relate closely to the properties of the oxygen carriers developed concurrently in the project, whereas they are significantly less expensive and friendlier in use. Over a dozen ports for pressure measurements are provided along the main circulation path of the solids. These experimental data enable to determine the pressure balance around the whole CFB loop, which becomes the starting point for further studies. The cold simulations of solids flow demonstrate the conditions that are expected in the case of the hot 5 kW test rig operation, which remains under construction. Therefore, the main goal of this work and the challenge as well are to establish the operating conditions that consider both: a smooth fluidization throughout the FB-CLC-SF unit and an efficient oxidation/reduction of oxygen carriers in AR and FR, respectively. Moreover, these studies support directly the modelling work (Submitted paper: A 1.5D model of a laboratory scale fluidized bed CLC equipment), which makes the whole investigations being complementary

Numerical simulations of fluidization dynamics in a hot model of a CLC process

Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is one of the most promising alternatives for solid fuel combustion. CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas is high in CLC technology which enables high efficiency of CO2 capture from flue gas. The use of solid oxygen carriers is a characteristic feature of a CLC process. Oxygen carriers are mainly metal oxides which are characterized by high oxygen transfer capacity and high mechanical resistance. Since the CLC technology is not sufficiently recognized due to its complexity the development of models with real conditions of the CLC equipment is of practical significance. The paper presents numerical simulations of the dynamic fluidized bed for Chemical Looping Combustion using CeSFaMB software. The model was validated on the basis of the results obtained from experiments, which were carried out on the Fluidized-Bed Chemical-Looping-Combustion of Solid-Fuels (FB-CLC-SF) unit. The studies were conducted in air atmosphere at temperature of 850°C. The validation of the 1.5D model showed that the maximum relative error between experiment and simulations results does not exceed 12%

Numerical simulations of fluidization dynamics in a hot model of a CLC process

Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is one of the most promising alternatives for solid fuel combustion. CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas is high in CLC technology which enables high efficiency of CO2 capture from flue gas. The use of solid oxygen carriers is a characteristic feature of a CLC process. Oxygen carriers are mainly metal oxides which are characterized by high oxygen transfer capacity and high mechanical resistance. Since the CLC technology is not sufficiently recognized due to its complexity the development of models with real conditions of the CLC equipment is of practical significance. The paper presents numerical simulations of the dynamic fluidized bed for Chemical Looping Combustion using CeSFaMB software. The model was validated on the basis of the results obtained from experiments, which were carried out on the Fluidized-Bed Chemical-Looping-Combustion of Solid-Fuels (FB-CLC-SF) unit. The studies were conducted in air atmosphere at temperature of 850°C. The validation of the 1.5D model showed that the maximum relative error between experiment and simulations results does not exceed 12%

The Polish School of Argumentation:A Manifesto

Building on our diverse research traditions in the study of reasoning, language and communication, the Polish School of Argumentation integrates various disciplines and institutions across Poland in which scholars are dedicated to understanding the phenomenon of the force of argument. Our primary goal is to craft a methodological programme and establish organisational infrastructure: this is the first key step in facilitating and fostering our research movement, which joins people with a common research focus, complementary skills and an enthusiasm to work together. This statement—the Manifesto—lays the foundations for the research programme of the Polish School of Argumentation