Incorporating Sexual Health Content into the Rehabilitation Counseling Graduate Program Curriculum: A Special Commentary

Sexual health is considered a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being (World Health Organization, 2006). Persons with disabilities are likely to be presumed as sexually inactive, asexual (Rico Alonso et al., 2021; Sant Angelo, 2000), or sexually deviant (Earle, 2001), often leading to their lack of sexual education, an increased risk of sexual exploitation, unwanted pregnancy, or sexually transmitted infections (STIs; Doughty et al., 2017). This commentary addresses three priorities for rehabilitation counseling graduate program curriculum. Clinical priorities should focus on providing persons with disabilities information and education regarding sexual health and wellness. Training priorities should focus on implementation of multicultural competence to holistically support persons with disabilities and understanding their sexual identities to better facilitate successful gainful employment and independent living. Research should prioritize sexual health for persons with disabilities and the association with employment outcomes to create a more inclusive rehabilitation counseling curriculum

Today, Tomorrow, and Every Day After That: How Commercial Salmon Fishermen in Bristol Bay, Alaska Define and Work Toward a Sustainable Salmon Fishery

Rising human global population, appetite for seafood, and the effects of climate change have pushed commercial marine fisheries around the globe onto trajectories that are chillingly unsustainable. Input from fishermen on what it means to have a “sustainable fishery” is often absent or ignored. Some commercial fisheries are lauded for their sustainability. This study looked at the successful case of the Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) commercial fishery to determine whether, how, and why Bristol Bay commercial salmon fishermen conceptualize and work toward a more sustainable future for their fishery. Findings suggest that while fishermen care deeply about the sustainability of their fishery, they see their role in achieving that goal to be focused on advocating for their specific fishery to increase social capital, and taking steps to enhance the quality of their product to improve the economic viability of the fishery. In the course of the study, it became apparent that Bristol Bay fishermen were deeply concerned about and motivated to action by the proposed Pebble Mine. It was also revealed that fishermen might not have fully understood the roles and limitations of fishery managers when it came to public advocacy on issues like Pebble Mine. This may indicate that commercial fishermen and managers are on a course toward a toxic relationship, which threatens the sustainability of the fishery. Policy and research recommendations are included in the conclusion

Distribution and Abundance of the Kittlitz\u27s Murrelet \u3ci\u3eBrachyramphus brevirostris\u3c/i\u3e in Selected Areas of Southeastern Alaska

We conducted boat-based surveys for the Kittlitz’s Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris during the breeding season in southeastern Alaska from 2002 to 2009. We completed a single survey in seven areas and multiple annual surveys in three areas. Although surveys spanned a broad geographic area, from LeConte Bay in the south to the Lost Coast in the north (~655 km linear distance), roughly 79% of the regional population of Kittlitz’s Murrelet was found in and between Icy and Yakutat bays (~95 km linear distance). The congeneric Marbled Murrelet B. marmoratus outnumbered the Kittlitz’s Murrelet in all areas surveyed except Icy Bay; in fact, Kittlitz’s Murrelet abundance constituted a relatively small proportion (7%) of the total Brachyramphus murrelet abundance in our survey areas. In areas for which there are multiple years of survey data, Kittlitz’s Murrelet abundance varied considerably, whereas Marbled Murrelet abundance was comparatively stable during the same time period. Since the southern distribution of this species has likely narrowed over the last 50 years, and the distribution of the Kittlitz’s Murrelet appears to be restricted to glacially influenced marine waters in southeastern Alaska, we expect that any future changes in glacial extent will likely affect this species and its long-term persistence in the region

A cross-shelf gradient in δ¹⁵N stable isotope values of krill and pollock indicates seabird foraging patterns in the Bering Sea

Concurrent measurements of predator and prey δ¹⁵N isotope values demonstrated that a cross-shelf isotopic gradient can propagate through a marine food web from forage species to top-tier predators and indicate foraging areas at a scale of tens of kilometers. We measured δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N in muscle tissues of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) and black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), and in whole body tissues of walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and krill (Thysanoessa spp), sampled across the continental shelf break in the Bering Sea in 2008 and in 2009. We found significant basin-shelf differences at fine scales (<100 km) in δ¹⁵N among murres but not kittiwakes, and no such differences in δ¹³C in either seabird species at that scale. We then quantified the multi-trophic signal and spatial structure of a basin-shelf δ¹⁵Nitrogen gradient in the central and southern Bering Sea, and used it to contrast foraging patterns of thick-billed murres and kittiwakes on the open ocean. Seabird muscle δ¹⁵N values were compared to baselines created from measurements in krill and pollock tissues sampled concurrently throughout the study area. Krill, pollock, and murre tissues from northern, shallow, shelf habitat (200 m) to the south and west. Krill δ¹⁵N baseline values predicted 35–42% of the variability in murre tissue values. Patterns between kittiwakes and prey were less coherent. The persistence of strong spatial autocorrelation among sample values, and a congruence of geospatial patterns in δ¹⁵N among murre and prey tissues, suggest that murres forage repeatedly in specific areas. Murre isotope values showed distinct geospatial stratification, coincident with the spatial distribution of three colonies: St. Paul, St. George, and Bogoslof. This suggests some degree of foraging habitat partitioning among colonies.Keywords: Isotopes, Rissa tridactyla, Food web, Shelf edge, Habitat partitioning, Kittiwake, Murre, Uria lomvi

Joint spatiotemporal models to predict seabird densities at sea

Introduction: Seabirds are abundant, conspicuous members of marine ecosystems worldwide. Synthesis of distribution data compiled over time is required to address regional management issues and understand ecosystem change. Major challenges when estimating seabird densities at sea arise from variability in dispersion of the birds, sampling effort over time and space, and differences in bird detection rates associated with survey vessel type. Methods: Using a novel approach for modeling seabirds at sea, we applied joint dynamic species distribution models (JDSDM) with a vector-autoregressive spatiotemporal framework to survey data collected over nearly five decades and archived in the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database. We produced monthly gridded density predictions and abundance estimates for 8 species groups (77% of all birds observed) within Cook Inlet, Alaska. JDSDMs included habitat covariates to inform density predictions in unsampled areas and accounted for changes in observed densities due to differing survey methods and decadal-scale variation in ocean conditions. Results: The best fit model provided a high level of explanatory power (86% of deviance explained). Abundance estimates were reasonably precise, and consistent with limited historical studies. Modeled densities identified seasonal variability in abundance with peak numbers of all species groups in July or August. Seabirds were largely absent from the study region in either fall (e.g., murrelets) or spring (e.g., puffins) months, or both periods (shearwaters). Discussion: Our results indicated that pelagic shearwaters (Ardenna spp.) and tufted puffin (Fratercula cirrhata) have declined over the past four decades and these taxa warrant further investigation into underlying mechanisms explaining these trends. JDSDMs provide a useful tool to estimate seabird distribution and seasonal trends that will facilitate risk assessments and planning in areas affected by human activities such as oil and gas development, shipping, and offshore wind and renewable energy

The Status of Glaucous Gulls Larus hyperboreus in the Circumpolar Arctic

The entire world population of the Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus breeds in the circumpolar Arctic. Some local populations appear to be declining significanty. In this paper, we summarize the current state of knowledge on Glaucous Gull populations and trends. The total Arctic population is estimated at approximately 171 000 breeding pairs (&gt; 342 000 breeding individuals) distributed among at least 2700 colonies (many not documented). Population declines may be attributable to egg harvest, contaminants, or food shortages, but other factors operating outside the breeding season should not be excluded. We recommend collaborative conservation efforts that will include better population estimates in most countries, as well as standardized monitoring programs.Toute la population mondiale de goélands bourgmestres Larus hyperboreus se reproduit dans l’Arctique circumpolaire. Certaines populations locales semblent diminuer considérablement. Dans cette communication, nous résumons l’état actuel des connaissances sur les populations et les tendances concernant le goéland bourgmestre. La population arctique totale est estimée à environ 171 000 couples reproducteurs (&gt; 342 000 individus reproducteurs) répartis dans au moins 2 700 colonies (dont grand nombre n’ont pas été consignées). Les déclins de population peuvent être attribuables à la récolte des œufs, aux contaminants ou aux pénuries de nourriture, bien qu’il ne faille pas exclure d’autres facteurs ne se rapportant pas à la saison de reproduction. Nous recommandons des efforts de conservation communs qui comprendront de meilleures estimations de population dans la plupart des pays de même que des programmes de surveillance normalisés

Monitoring Alaskan Arctic shelf ecosystems through collaborative observation networks

© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Danielson, S. L., Grebmeier, J. M., Iken, K., Berchok, C., Britt, L., Dunton, K. H., Eisner, L., V. Farley, E., Fujiwara, A., Hauser, D. D. W., Itoh, M., Kikuchi, T., Kotwicki, S., Kuletz, K. J., Mordy, C. W., Nishino, S., Peralta-Ferriz, C., Pickart, R. S., Stabeno, P. S., Stafford. K. M., Whiting, A. V., & Woodgate, R. Monitoring Alaskan Arctic shelf ecosystems through collaborative observation networks. Oceanography, 35(2), (2022): 52, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2022.119.Ongoing scientific programs that monitor marine environmental and ecological systems and changes comprise an informal but collaborative, information-rich, and spatially extensive network for the Alaskan Arctic continental shelves. Such programs reflect contributions and priorities of regional, national, and international funding agencies, as well as private donors and communities. These science programs are operated by a variety of local, regional, state, and national agencies, and academic, Tribal, for-profit, and nongovernmental nonprofit entities. Efforts include research ship and autonomous vehicle surveys, year-long mooring deployments, and observations from coastal communities. Inter-program coordination allows cost-effective leveraging of field logistics and collected data into value-added information that fosters new insights unattainable by any single program operating alone. Coordination occurs at many levels, from discussions at marine mammal co-management meetings and interagency meetings to scientific symposia and data workshops. Together, the efforts represented by this collection of loosely linked long-term monitoring programs enable a biologically focused scientific foundation for understanding ecosystem responses to warming water temperatures and declining Arctic sea ice. Here, we introduce a variety of currently active monitoring efforts in the Alaskan Arctic marine realm that exemplify the above attributes.Funding sources include the following: ALTIMA: BOEM M09PG00016, M12PG00021, and M13PG00026; AMBON: NOPP-NA14NOS0120158 and NOPP-NA19NOS0120198; Bering Strait moorings: NSF-OPP-AON-PLR-1758565, NSF-OPP-PLR-1107106; BLE-LTER: NSF-OPP-1656026; CEO: NPRB-L36, ONR N000141712274 and N000142012413; DBO: NSF-AON-1917469 and NOAA-ARP CINAR-22309.07; HFR, AOOS Arctic glider, and Passive Acoustics at CEO and Bering Strait: NA16NOS0120027; WABC: NSF-OPP-1733564. JAMSTEC: partial support by ArCS Project JPMXD1300000000 and ArCS II Project JPMXD1420318865; Seabird surveys: BOEM M17PG00017, M17PG00039, and M10PG00050, and NPRB grants 637, B64, and B67. This publication was partially funded by the Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, & Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA20OAR4320271, and represents contribution 2021-1163 to CICOES, EcoFOCI-1026, and 5315 to PMEL. This is NPRB publication ArcticIERP-43

Temporal shifts in seabird populations and spatial coherence with prey in the southeastern Bering Sea

The Bering Sea is a highly productive ecosystem with abundant prey populations in the summer that support some of the largest seabird colonies in the Northern Hemisphere. In the fall, the Bering Sea is used by large numbers of migrants and post-breeding seabirds. We used over 22000 km of vessel-based surveys carried out during summer (June to July) and fall (late August to October) from 2008 to 2010 over the southeast Bering Sea to examine annual and seasonal changes in seabird communities and spatial relationships with concurrently sampled prey. Deep-diving murres Uria spp., shallow-diving shearwaters Ardenna spp., and surface-foraging northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis and kittiwakes Rissa spp. dominated summer and fall seabird communities. Seabird densities in summer were generally less than half of fall densities and species richness was lower in summer than in fall. Summer seabird densities had high interannual variation (highest in 2009), whereas fall densities varied little among years. Seabirds were more spatially clustered around breeding colonies and the outer continental shelf in the summer and then dispersed throughout the middle and inner shelf in fall. In summer, the abundance of age-1 walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus along with spatial (latitude and longitude) and temporal (year) variables best explained broad-scale seabird distribution. In contrast, seabirds in fall had weaker associations with spatial and temporal variables and stronger associations with different prey species or groups. Our results demonstrate seasonal shifts in the distribution and foraging patterns of seabirds in the southeastern Bering Sea with a greater dependence on prey occurring over the middle and inner shelf in fall.Keywords: Spatial models, Seabird, Seasonal patterns, Krill, Forage fis

Ruinopolis: Post‐Imperial Theory and Learning from Las Vegas

This essay foregrounds a dimension of L as V egas that other authors only touch on in passing: its connections to empire. The authors propose a post‐imperial analysis of the city based on a reconstruction of its history and a reading of the traces of this history in the city's architecture and its self‐presentation in American popular culture. This analysis of Las Vegas as ruinopolis draws attention to the ruin sites of the city and its hinterland, reading them through the lens of empire. We work out the imperial territoriality of Las Vegas, including the derelict space of the L as V egas P aiute I ndian C olony, the ‘Pentagon Desert’ around the city with its so‐called ‘national sacrifice zone’, and the Strip, with C aesars P alace. We conclude with a post‐imperial reading of V enturi, S cott B rown and I zenour's canonical Learning from Las Vegas and of the ruin signs of the N eon B oneyard.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106857/1/ijur12117.pd