Geophysical features of permafrost in the Canadian Beaufort Sea

第6回極域科学シンポジウム分野横断セッション：[IA] 急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2015―11月19日（木）　国立極地研究所１階交流アトリウ

Xanthogranulomatous Cystitis Arising from the Posterior Wall of the Bladder

Xanthogranulomatous cystitis is a rare, benign chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Herein we report a case of a 41-year-old man who presented with painless hematuria and a bladder mass on imaging studies

A rare case of bilateral absence of distal ulnar artery

It is fairly common to find anatomic variations and anomalies in the arterial pattern of the upper extremities. However, a complete absence of the distal ulnar artery bilaterally is extremely rare. During preoperative assessment for a radial forearm free flap, we accidentally discovered bilateral distal ulnar artery agenesis. In this article, the clinical implications of this variation are discussed, along with a review of the literature

BMP2 Increases Adipogenic Differentiation in the Presence of Dexamethasone, which is Inhibited by the Treatment of TNF-a in Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of BMP2 on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (hADSCs). Methods: Cultured cells were differentiated into osteogenic lineage in the presence of BMP2. Gene expressions were determined by real time PCR. Results: BMP2 increased (2/8) or inhibited (6/8) osteogenic differentiation according to hADSCs batches. Regardless of the BMP2 action on osteogenic differentiation, BMP2 induced lipid droplet formation under an osteogenic differentiation condition in all batches of hADSCs, not hBMSCs, to be tested, which was confirmed by analysis of adipogenesis related genes expression. hADSCs expressed various BMP receptors. BMP2 increased expression of BMP2-responsive genes such as DLX3 and ID2, and induced SMAD1 phosphorylation in hADSCs and hBMSCs. BMP2 increased osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs in osteogenic medium in which dexamethasone was omitted. The addition of BMP2 in the control culture media containing dexamethasone alone lead to formation of lipid droplets and increased C/EBP-α expression in hADSCs. In the presence of TNF-α, BMP2 stimulated osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs even in hADSCs batches in which treatment of BMP2 alone inhibited osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion: These data indicate that the control of osteogenesis and adipogenesis in hADSCs is closely related, and that hADSCs have preferential commitment to adipogenic lineages

ALD-assisted synthesis of V2O5 nanoislands on SnO2 nanowires for improving NO2 sensing performance

Anchoring nanoparticles on the surfaces of metal oxide nanosensors is a promising strategy to improve sensing performance. However, several issues regarding the surface coverage and uniform distribution of nanoislands over base sensing materials have yet to be resolved using conventional synthetic routes. Herein, we present a viable alternative for the decoration of V2O5 nanoislands on SnO2 nanowires: a new two-step process that combines atomic layer deposition (ALD) and successive thermal post-treatment. This process enables us to control the surface coverage of V2O5 nanoislands by varying the number of ALD cycles and to homogeneously disperse the nanoislands on the SnO2 nanowire surfaces. The NO2 response of the V2O5 -decorated SnO2 sensor improved as the number of ALD-V2O5 cycles increased; the highest response, obtained by the sensor prepared with 50 ALD-V2O5 cycles, was more than 50 times greater than that of the pristine SnO2 nanowires. However, the sensing performance degraded beyond 50 ALD-V2O5 cycles as there was an oversupply of V2O5 nanoislands. Based on density functional theory calculations, we determined that V2O5 nanoisland loading is in competition with the exposed SnO2 surface to increase sensing performance, which implies that the surface coverage of V2O5 nanoislands must be precisely optimized