3,640 research outputs found
Production of massive stable particles in inflaton decay
We point out that inflaton decays can be a copious source of stable or
long--lived particles with mass exceeding the reheat temperature .
Once higher order processes are included, this statement is true for any
particle with renormalizable (gauge or Yukawa) interactions. This contribution
to the density often exceeds the contribution from thermal
production, leading to significantly stronger constraints on model parameters
than those resulting from thermal production alone. For example, we all
but exclude models containing stable charged particles with mass less than half
the mass of the inflaton.Comment: 4 revtex pages, 1 figure (uses axodraw). Slightly modified for better
clarification, few changes in references. Final verssion published in Phys.
Rev. Let
Slow, Steady-State Transport with "Loading" and Bulk Reactions: the Mixed Ionic Conductor LaCuO
We consider slow, steady transport for the normal state of the superconductor
LaCuO in a one-dimensional geometry, with surface fluxes
sufficiently general to permit oxygen to be driven into the sample (``loaded'')
either by electrochemical means or by high oxygen partial pressure. We include
the bulk reaction OO, where neutral atoms () go into ions
() and holes (). For slow, steady transport, the transport equations
simplify because the bulk reaction rate density and the bulk loading rates
then are uniform in space and time. All three fluxes must be
specified at each surface, which for a uniform current density corresponds
to five independent fluxes. These fluxes generate two types of static modes at
each surface and a bulk response with a voltage profile that varies
quadratically in space, characterized by and the total oxygen flux
(neutral plus ion) at each surface. One type of surface mode is associated with
electrical screening; the other type is associated both with diffusion and
drift, and with chemical reaction (the {\it diffusion-reaction mode}). The
diffusion-reaction mode is accompanied by changes in the chemical potentials
, and by reactions and fluxes, but it neither carries current (J=0) nor
loads the system chemically (). Generation of the diffusion-reaction
mode may explain the phenomenon of ``turbulence in the voltage'' often observed
near the electrodes of other mixed ionic electronic conductors (MIECs).Comment: 11 pages, 1 figur
Level Statistics of XXZ Spin Chains with Discrete Symmetries: Analysis through Finite-size Effects
Level statistics is discussed for XXZ spin chains with discrete symmetries
for some values of the next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) coupling parameter. We show
how the level statistics of the finite-size systems depends on the NNN coupling
and the XXZ anisotropy, which should reflect competition among quantum chaos,
integrability and finite-size effects. Here discrete symmetries play a central
role in our analysis. Evaluating the level-spacing distribution, the spectral
rigidity and the number variance, we confirm the correspondence between
non-integrability and Wigner behavior in the spectrum. We also show that
non-Wigner behavior appears due to mixed symmetries and finite-size effects in
some nonintegrable cases.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure
Superconductivity at 38 K in Iron-Based Compound with Platinum-Arsenide Layers Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2-xPtxAs2)5
We report superconductivity in novel iron-based compounds
Ca10(PtnAs8)(Fe2-xPtxAs2)5 with n = 3 and 4. Both compounds crystallize in
triclinic structures (space group P-1), in which Fe2As2 layers alternate with
PtnAs8 spacer layers. Superconductivity with a transition temperature of 38 K
is observed in the n = 4 compound with a Pt content of x ~ 0.36 in the Fe2As2
layers. The compound with n = 3 exhibits superconductivity at 13 K.Comment: OPEN SELECT article, 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Charge-Stripe Order and Superconductivity in
A combined resistivity and hard x-ray diffraction study of superconductivity
and charge ordering in , as a function of Pt
substitution and externally applied hydrostatic pressure, is presented.
Experiments are focused on samples near the critical composition where competition and switching between charge order and
superconductivity is established. We show that charge order as a function of
pressure in is preempted - and hence
triggered - by a structural transition. Charge ordering appears uniaxially
along the short crystallographic (1,0,1) domain axis with a
modulation. Based on these results we
draw a charge-order phase diagram and discuss the relation between stripe
ordering and superconductivity.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures: Accepted in Scientific Report
Digging into acceptor splice site prediction : an iterative feature selection approach
Feature selection techniques are often used to reduce data dimensionality, increase classification performance, and gain insight into the processes that generated the data. In this paper, we describe an iterative procedure of feature selection and feature construction steps, improving the classification of acceptor splice sites, an important subtask of gene prediction.
We show that acceptor prediction can benefit from feature selection, and describe how feature selection techniques can be used to gain new insights in the classification of acceptor sites. This is illustrated by the identification of a new, biologically motivated feature: the AG-scanning feature.
The results described in this paper contribute both to the domain of gene prediction, and to research in feature selection techniques, describing a new wrapper based feature weighting method that aids in knowledge discovery when dealing with complex datasets
Thermomagnetic Power and Figure of Merit for Spin-1/2 Heisenberg Chain
Transport properties in the presence of magnetic fields are numerically
studied for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg XXZ chain. The breakdown of the
spin-reversal symmetry due to the magnetic field induces the magnetothermal
effect. In analogy with the thermoelectric effect in electron systems, the
thermomagnetic power (magnetic Seebeck coefficient) is provided, and is
numerically evaluated by the exact diagonalization for wide ranges of
temperatures and various magnetic fields. For the antiferromagnetic regime, we
find the magnetic Seebeck coefficient changes sign at certain temperatures,
which is interpreted as an effect of strong correlations. We also compute the
thermomagnetic figure of merit determining the efficiency of the thermomagnetic
devices for cooling or power generation.Comment: 8 page
The K2-ESPRINT Project VI: K2-105 b, a Hot-Neptune around a Metal-rich G-dwarf
We report on the confirmation that the candidate transits observed for the
star EPIC 211525389 are due to a short-period Neptune-sized planet. The host
star, located in K2 campaign field 5, is a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.260.05)
G-dwarf (T_eff = 543070 K and log g = 4.480.09), based on
observations with the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) on the Subaru 8.2m
telescope. High-spatial resolution AO imaging with HiCIAO on the Subaru
telescope excludes faint companions near the host star, and the false positive
probability of this target is found to be < using the open source
vespa code. A joint analysis of transit light curves from K2 and additional
ground-based multi-color transit photometry with MuSCAT on the Okayama 1.88m
telescope gives the orbital period of P = 8.2669020.000070 days and
consistent transit depths of or . The transit depth corresponds to a planetary radius of , indicating that EPIC 211525389 b is a
short-period Neptune-sized planet. Radial velocities of the host star, obtained
with the Subaru HDS, lead to a 3\sigma\ upper limit of 90 on the mass of EPIC 211525389 b, confirming its planetary nature.
We expect this planet, newly named K2-105 b, to be the subject of future
studies to characterize its mass, atmosphere, spin-orbit (mis)alignment, as
well as investigate the possibility of additional planets in the system.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, PASJ accepte
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