28 research outputs found
“Hook and Roll Technique” Using an Articulating Hook Cautery to Provide a Critical View during Single-incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
We describe a new simple and easy technique called the "Hook and roll technique" (HRT) that uses an articulating hook cautery to provide a critical view during single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC). A 2-cm incision is made at the umbilicus to insert three 5-mm trocars or a multichannel port. After dissection of the serosa of the dorsal and ventral sides of the gall bladder, including Calot's triangle, the angled tip of the hook cautery is inserted between the cystic artery and duct with its tip placed dorsally. The tip is then rotated in a clockwise manner to avoid bile duct injury, allowing the connective tissue between them to be hooked, coagulated and cut. This procedure is repeated several times, followed by dissection between the cystic artery and the liver bed to achieve a critical view. From December 2008 to May 2011, 121 patients underwent SILC using HRT in our hospital without any serious complications. This technique is suitable for SILC, as it is consists of simple procedures that can be performed safely and easily, even by left hand in a cross-over approach, and it allows complete dissection of Calot's triangle to achieve a critical view without using any dissector under dangerous in-line viewing
Melting of excitonic insulator phase by an intense terahertz pulse in TaNiSe
In this study, the optical response to a terahertz pulse was investigated in
the transition metal chalcogenide TaNiSe, a candidate excitonic
insulator. First, by irradiating a terahertz pulse with a relatively weak
electric field (0.3 MV/cm), the spectral changes in reflectivity near the
absorption edge due to third-order optical nonlinearity were measured and the
absorption peak characteristic of the excitonic phase just below the interband
transition was identified. Next, by irradiating a strong terahertz pulse with a
strong electric field of 1.65 MV/cm, the absorption of the excitonic phase was
found to be reduced, and a Drude-like response appeared in the mid-infrared
region. These responses can be interpreted as carrier generation by exciton
dissociation induced by the electric field, resulting in the partial melting of
the excitonic phase and metallization. The presence of a distinct threshold
electric field for carrier generation indicates exciton dissociation via
quantum-tunnelling processes. The spectral change due to metallization by the
electric field is significantly different from that due to the strong optical
excitation across the gap, which can be explained by the different melting
mechanisms of the excitonic phase in the two types of excitations.Comment: 66 pages, 11 figures, 2 table
光重合型プラスチック暫間充填材の臨床的評価
Fermit, a kind of a visible-light-cured resin, has recently been used as a temporary filling material. This clinical study was done to determine whether or not Fermit was superior to Dura Seal which was previously reported by us in this journal. The prepared cavities were sealed with Fermit for an average of 11.0 days. Fermit was found to have the same properties as Dura Seal, except for many losses of the seal (17.6% of the total) and difficulty in filling
Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand Activity of 31 Non-substituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Soil Contaminants
Quantitative elucidation of maternal-to-fetal transfer of neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin and its metabolites in mice
Neonicotinoids (NNs), a widely used class of systemic pesticides, are regarded as exhibiting selective toxicity in insects. However, NNs are suspected of exerting adverse effects on mammals as well, including humans. To date, only adult male animal models have been subjected to general toxicity studies of NNs; fetuses have yet to be considered in this context. Here, we focused on the NN clothianidin (CLO) for the first quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis of maternal-to-fetal transfer and residual property of once-daily (single or multiple days), orally administered CLO and its metabolites in mice. The results revealed the presence of CLO and its five metabolites at approximately the same respective blood levels in both dams and fetuses. In the dams, CLO showed a peak value 1 h after administration, after which levels rapidly decreased at 3 and 6 h. In the fetuses of each group, levels of CLO were almost the same as those observed in the corresponding dams. The present results clearly demonstrated rapid passage of CLO through the placental barrier. However, metabolite-dependent differences observed in blood pharmacokinetics and residual levels. This is the first quantitative demonstration of the presence of CLO and its metabolites in fetal mouse blood
Sex-specific behavioral effects of acute exposure to the neonicotinoid clothianidin in mice
Although neonicotinoids are among the major classes of pesticides that affect mammalian nervous systems, little
is known about sex differences in their effects. This study aimed to examine whether the neurobehavioral effects
of a neonicotinoid, clothianidin (CLO), differed between sexes. Male and female C57BL/6N mice were orally
administered CLO (5 or 50 mg/kg) at or below the chronic no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and sub-
jected to behavioral tests of emotional and learning functions. Changes in neuroactivity in several brain regions
and the concentrations of CLO and its metabolites in blood and urine were measured. Acute CLO exposure caused
sex-related behavioral effects; decreases in locomotor activities and elevation of anxiety-like behaviors were
more apparent in males than in females. In addition, male-specific impairment of short- and long-term learning
memory by CLO exposure was observed in both the novel recognition test and the Barnes maze test. Male-
dominant increases in the number of c-fos positive cells were observed in the paraventricular thalamic nu-
cleus in the thalamus and in the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus, which are related to the stress response and
learning function, respectively. The concentrations of CLO and most metabolites in blood and urine were higher
in males. These results support the notion that male mice are more vulnerable than females to the neuro-
behavioral effects of CLO and provide novel insights into the risk assessment of neonicotinoids in mammalian
neuronal function