The concept of the personal and axiological experience in the philosophy of K. Wojtyła – John Paul II: a starting point of philosophical anthropology

Philosophy, which reflects different anthropological solutions and theories of humanity, considered in the perspective of Christian philosophical anthropology in Poland, is the Thomistic phenomenology of action of K. Wojtyła – John Paul II. In this philosophical concept the starting point is the personal and axiological experience. It is analysis of the acts of conscious action. Act reveals the person (the moral significance of the person). Widely understood Wojtyla’s Personalism is a chance of a creative meeting for two philosophies – from Lublin and Cracow. The more the use of his thoughts, the more developed they become

Kategoria "punktu wyjścia" i kategorie pokrewne rozważane z myślą o antropologii filozoficznej. Analiza i konstrukcja "punktu wyjścia"

The very description of the „starting point” needs plenty of explanations, let alone its choice for a given science. Whereas „articulation and choice of a starting point (…) is already taking a position respecting a given subject and determining the direction of further dealing”27. You cannot avoid taking a position, because in order to practice any science, a way of dealing should be taken. Stating point is a place that in a way impinges on the further scientific work, on achieving its goal, so each researcher has to define it (more or less directly). We tried to show in this article that each research, each scientific action has its starting point – even if we verbally define it differently (beginning, basic sentences, starting line, genesis…).The very description of the „starting point” needs plenty of explanations, let alone its choice for a given science. Whereas „articulation and choice of a starting point (…) is already taking a position respecting a given subject and determining the direction of further dealing”27. You cannot avoid taking a position, because in order to practice any science, a way of dealing should be taken. Stating point is a place that in a way impinges on the further scientific work, on achieving its goal, so each researcher has to define it (more or less directly). We tried to show in this article that each research, each scientific action has its starting point – even if we verbally define it differently (beginning, basic sentences, starting line, genesis…)

Analogia w służbie realizmu metafizyki i antropologii

1. In this article we presented a metaphysical analysis of the analogy, presenting it as an essential condition for ontological and cognitive realism.2. We use analogy every day, both in philosophy and in ordinary life, expressing ourselves, description of reality, etc.3. The analogy is briefly saying “similarity of dissimilar”.4. The analogy occurs in the ontological, cognitive and language aspect (predication), providing them with realism. The main aspect is the aspect of the ontic.5. Apart from realistic analogy, there is also the analogy in poetry and language of mysticism, called a metaphor or parable. However, it is connected with subjective and experiential human world.6. The analogy exists primarily as a way of cognition, which reveals ontological pluralism of the world. This cognition is a reflection of analogical being in terms of its constituent compositions and both intra-being (integrating parts, essence and existence, substance and accidents, matter and form, act and potency, etc.) and inter-beings relations.7. The analogy of cognition is realized as: metaphorical analogy, analogy of attribution and the analogy of general and transcendental proportionality.8. In the predication we have to deal with analogy of predicates and the analogy of the predicate rule.9. The analogical inference is an extension of analogy of predication.1. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiliśmy analizę metafizyczną analogii, ukazując ją jako nieodzowny warunek realizmu bytowego i poznawczego.2. Analogią posługujemy się na co dzień i to zarówno w filozofii, jak i w zwykłym życiu, wyrażaniu się, opisie rzeczywistości itd.3. Analogia to najkrócej mówiąc „podobieństwo w niepodobieństwie”.4. Analogia występuje w aspekcie bytowym, poznawczym i językowym (orzekanie), zapewniając im realizm. Podstawowym aspektem jest aspekt bytowy.5. Analogia metaforyczna (metafora, parabola etc.) może też występować w funkcji pozarealistycznej, w poezji lub w języku mistyki. Wówczas bardziej jest związana ze sferą subiektywną i przeżywaniową człowieka.6. Analogia występuje przede wszystkim jako sposób poznania, który ujawnia nam pluralizm bytowy świata. To poznanie jest odzwierciedleniem analogicznego bytu i to w aspekcie jego konstytutywnych złożeń i relacji tak wewnątrzbytowych (części integrujące, istota i istnienie, substancja i przypadłość, materia i forma, akt i możność etc.), jak i międzybytowych.7. Analogia poznania realizuje się jako: analogia metaforyczna, atrybucji, proporcjonalności ogólnej i transcendentalnej.8. W orzekaniu mamy do czynienia z analogią orzeczników i samego orzekania.9. Rozwinięciem analogii orzekania jest analogia wnioskowania

Ultrafiltration rate and diabetes as useful indicators of cardiovascular-related death in hemodialysis patients below 60 years of age

Background: The survival rate of elderly hemodialyzed (HD) patients is commonly thought to be poor. In a prospective, single center, non-interventional, observational study, the cause of all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) and heart failure (HF) mortality in this patient group were examined and compared with a younger cohort (below 60 years). Material/Methods: The study included 223 patients (90 women and 133 men) with age ranging from 34.5 to 75.0 years treated with HD. Median duration of HD was 70.0 months (24.0-120.0). Mortality data was collected over a period of six years. We divided patients into groups: <60 (n=123), ≥60 years (n=100), and with (n=33) and without DM type 2 (n=190). Results: During a six-year follow-up, 100 patients (44.8%) died, including 83 (37.2%) patients who died due to CV reasons. Median follow-up was 2015.0 days (946.0-2463.0) with the median time to death of 1166.0 days (654.5-1631.0). The factors negatively affecting patients’ survival in univariate Cox regression analysis included for all-cause mortality were: inter-dialytic weight gain (IDWG) (hazard ratio [HR]=1.60; p=0.01), ultrafiltration (UF) rate (HR=3.63; p=0.012) for group <60 years; for CV death: UF rate (HR=4.20; p=0.03), DM (HR=5.11; p=0.002) for group <60 years; for HF death: mellitus type 2 (DM) (HR=2.93; p=0.027) for group ≥60 years). In a multivariate Cox regression analysis for patients <60 years, the UF rate was the only independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 3.63 (1.34-9.67); p=0.011). Both DM (HR 4.91 (1.71-14.10); p=0.003) and UF rate (HR 3.62 (1.04-12.61); p=0.044) were independent predictors of CV-related mortality in patients <60 years. Conclusions: The UF rate can be a simple, useful indicator of higher long-term all-cause and CV mortality in HD patients <60 years of age. Also, DM may be a predictor of CV–related mortality in younger HD patients

Analogia w służbie realizmu metafizyki i antropologii

1. In this article we presented a metaphysical analysis of the analogy, presenting it as an essential condition for ontological and cognitive realism.2. We use analogy every day, both in philosophy and in ordinary life, expressing ourselves, description of reality, etc.3. The analogy is briefly saying “similarity of dissimilar”.4. The analogy occurs in the ontological, cognitive and language aspect (predication), providing them with realism. The main aspect is the aspect of the ontic.5. Apart from realistic analogy, there is also the analogy in poetry and language of mysticism, called a metaphor or parable. However, it is connected with subjective and experiential human world.6. The analogy exists primarily as a way of cognition, which reveals ontological pluralism of the world. This cognition is a reflection of analogical being in terms of its constituent compositions and both intra-being (integrating parts, essence and existence, substance and accidents, matter and form, act and potency, etc.) and inter-beings relations.7. The analogy of cognition is realized as: metaphorical analogy, analogy of attribution and the analogy of general and transcendental proportionality.8. In the predication we have to deal with analogy of predicates and the analogy of the predicate rule.9. The analogical inference is an extension of analogy of predication.1. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiliśmy analizę metafizyczną analogii, ukazując ją jako nieodzowny warunek realizmu bytowego i poznawczego.2. Analogią posługujemy się na co dzień i to zarówno w filozofii, jak i w zwykłym życiu, wyrażaniu się, opisie rzeczywistości itd.3. Analogia to najkrócej mówiąc „podobieństwo w niepodobieństwie”.4. Analogia występuje w aspekcie bytowym, poznawczym i językowym (orzekanie), zapewniając im realizm. Podstawowym aspektem jest aspekt bytowy.5. Analogia metaforyczna (metafora, parabola etc.) może też występować w funkcji pozarealistycznej, w poezji lub w języku mistyki. Wówczas bardziej jest związana ze sferą subiektywną i przeżywaniową człowieka.6. Analogia występuje przede wszystkim jako sposób poznania, który ujawnia nam pluralizm bytowy świata. To poznanie jest odzwierciedleniem analogicznego bytu i to w aspekcie jego konstytutywnych złożeń i relacji tak wewnątrzbytowych (części integrujące, istota i istnienie, substancja i przypadłość, materia i forma, akt i możność etc.), jak i międzybytowych.7. Analogia poznania realizuje się jako: analogia metaforyczna, atrybucji, proporcjonalności ogólnej i transcendentalnej.8. W orzekaniu mamy do czynienia z analogią orzeczników i samego orzekania.9. Rozwinięciem analogii orzekania jest analogia wnioskowania

The concept of the personal and axiological experience in the philosophy of K. Wojtyła – John Paul II: a starting point of philosophical anthropology

Philosophy, which reflects different anthropological solutions and theories of humanity, considered in the perspective of Christian philosophical anthropology in Poland, is the Thomistic phenomenology of action of K. Wojtyła – John Paul II. In this philosophical concept the starting point is the personal and axiological experience. It is analysis of the acts of conscious action. Act reveals the person (the moral significance of the person). Widely understood Wojtyla’s Personalism is a chance of a creative meeting for two philosophies – from Lublin and Cracow. The more the use of his thoughts, the more developed they become.Philosophy, which reflects different anthropological solutions and theories of humanity, considered in the perspective of Christian philosophical anthropology in Poland, is the Thomistic phenomenology of action of K. Wojtyła – John Paul II. In this philosophical concept the starting point is the personal and axiological experience. It is analysis of the acts of conscious action. Act reveals the person (the moral significance of the person). Widely understood Wojtyla’s Personalism is a chance of a creative meeting for two philosophies – from Lublin and Cracow. The more the use of his thoughts, the more developed they become

Kategoria "punktu wyjścia" i kategorie pokrewne rozważane z myślą o antropologii filozoficznej. Analiza i konstrukcja "punktu wyjścia"

The very description of the „starting point” needs plenty of explanations, let alone its choice for a given science. Whereas „articulation and choice of a starting point (…) is already taking a position respecting a given subject and determining the direction of further dealing”27. You cannot avoid taking a position, because in order to practice any science, a way of dealing should be taken. Stating point is a place that in a way impinges on the further scientific work, on achieving its goal, so each researcher has to define it (more or less directly). We tried to show in this article that each research, each scientific action has its starting point – even if we verbally define it differently (beginning, basic sentences, starting line, genesis…)