"Ein Wahnsinniger, der die Fakultäten vermischt" : interdisciplinarity and Ingeborg Bachmann's Das Buch Franza

This paper seeks to demonstrate the ways in which Bachmann's work constitutes a prime case for examining the scope and the boundaries of philological research. It does so by focusing on Bachmann‘s fragmentary and unfinished novel, "Das Buch Franza" [1965-1966], exploring the text and its author in an interdisciplinary light. Forming part of Bachmann's uncompleted "Todesarten"-Projekt, "Das Buch Franza" deals with the continuing legacy of fascism and its displaced forms in the post-war era. In its thematisation of the traumatic and necessarily belated after-effects of the Second World War and the Holocaust, Bachmann‘s text draws on various disciplines and discourses, namely geology, archaeology and psychoanalysis. I consider the ways in which the interdisciplinary ambitions of the text reflect Bachmann‘s struggle for a new form of representation, one that adequately mirrors the concerns of her society. Finally, drawing on Bachmann‘s own theoretical reflections on the field of literary study in her Frankfurt Lectures on poetics, I trace the ways in which the author's work repeatedly encourages us to adopt multiple disciplinary perspectives, as well as privileging literature with a utopian function that exceeds any generic or disciplinary boundaries

Gamblers' Rationality in Parimutuel Soccer Betting

A model for strategic behaviour in parimutuel gambles with unequal winning-probabilities is developed and applied to gambles based on soccer results. Assuming that the bookmakers' quotas reflect the true probability of each possible result of a soccer game, we are able to derive a formula for the expected payoff of a betting strategy (Tipp). Using recent (1996-99) data from the Austrian games Toto and Torwette we are able to calculate the optimal strategies for 90 Toto and Torwette rounds. It turns out that given the relatively high probability of a rollover, it is optimal to overbet favourite outcomes (as compared to the probability of their occurrence). Comparing optimal with actual gamblers' behaviour we find that overbetting is even more pronounced than predicted by the model. This means that gamblers bet too frequently on relatively probable results whereas less probable results are too infrequently chosen relatively to the optimal strategy.Decision making under risk and uncertainty, Parimutuel betting, Sports, Gambling

INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS OF WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER OF UKRAINE AND THE WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION

The article analyzes the institutional problems of the water supply and wastewater system of Ukraine. Government-created institutions have a direct or indirect effect on the state and development of the water supply and wastewater sector, determine the processes for its modernization, as the water supply and wastewater sector itself has a certain influence on the institutions, creating the basis for their modernization, transformation or liquidation. The author argues that in order to be effective in implementing the state policy in the field of water supply and wastewater, it has to be consistent with the goals of state economic policy in other areas - social, environmental, tax, energy, financial and economic, housing, national security, etc. The article analyzes how the uncoordinated state policy of the country in the social, environmental, tax, financial, energy, foreign economic sphere affects the sphere of water supply and wastewater and its consequences. The author defines the problems of institutional provision of state policy in the field of water supply and wastewater and describes them. The author argues that the influence of institutional problems on the state and development of the water supply and wastewater system is so great that, no matter how efficient the management and regulation in the field of water supply and wastewater, the result will not meet expectations. In the article the author suggests ways of solving some institutional problems in the field of research.The article analyzes the institutional problems of the water supply and wastewater system of Ukraine. Government-created institutions have a direct or indirect effect on the state and development of the water supply and wastewater sector, determine the processes for its modernization, as the water supply and wastewater sector itself has a certain influence on the institutions, creating the basis for their modernization, transformation or liquidation. The author argues that in order to be effective in implementing the state policy in the field of water supply and wastewater, it has to be consistent with the goals of state economic policy in other areas - social, environmental, tax, energy, financial and economic, housing, national security, etc. The article analyzes how the uncoordinated state policy of the country in the social, environmental, tax, financial, energy, foreign economic sphere affects the sphere of water supply and wastewater and its consequences. The author defines the problems of institutional provision of state policy in the field of water supply and wastewater and describes them. The author argues that the influence of institutional problems on the state and development of the water supply and wastewater system is so great that, no matter how efficient the management and regulation in the field of water supply and wastewater, the result will not meet expectations. In the article the author suggests ways of solving some institutional problems in the field of research

STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER SPHERE OF UKRAINE

The article considers the need for the development of a Strategy for the development of the water supply and wastewater sector in Ukraine. The author of the article argues that without a strategy, the effective functioning and development of the water supply and wastewater system is impossible. Strategic planning in the field of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine is the development of a vision of a key element of modern management, which the state considers as the development of the water supply and wastewater sector in the future. The concept and essence of strategy in general are analyzed, the vision and mission of the sphere of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine are determined. The Strategy of development of the sphere of Ukraine till 2020, external and internal institutions that influence the vectors of development of the water supply and wastewater sector are considered. The author presents the priority goals of the development of the water sector, identified by international organizations over the past five years. The author proposes strategic directions for the development of the water supply and wastewater system with the justification of their implementation.The article considers the need for the development of a Strategy for the development of the water supply and wastewater sector in Ukraine. The author of the article argues that without a strategy, the effective functioning and development of the water supply and wastewater system is impossible. Strategic planning in the field of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine is the development of a vision of a key element of modern management, which the state considers as the development of the water supply and wastewater sector in the future. The concept and essence of strategy in general are analyzed, the vision and mission of the sphere of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine are determined. The Strategy of development of the sphere of Ukraine till 2020, external and internal institutions that influence the vectors of development of the water supply and wastewater sector are considered. The author presents the priority goals of the development of the water sector, identified by international organizations over the past five years. The author proposes strategic directions for the development of the water supply and wastewater system with the justification of their implementation

FREE ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER OF UKRAINE AS THE PRINCIPLE OF THE STATE POLICY

The article attempts to analyze the legal fundamentals, principles and mechanisms of state policy principle on ensuring free access to information in the field of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine. The main focus is on normative legal acts that determine the need for open access of citizens of Ukraine to information, including in the field of water supply and wastewater. Responsibilities for providing open access to such information are entrusted to state authorities, local governments and water supply and wastewater companies. The author carries out the systematization of the types of information, access to which is provided to consumers in the field of water supply and wastewater, with the indication of the managers of such information and means of its provision. Provides data on the availability and adequacy of some types of information in the field of water supply and wastewater. The article also discusses the issues of realization of the right to access public information by analyzing the annual report of the Ombudsperson of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on human rights and jurisprudence. The system violates the legislation in the area of granting access to public information, the main groups of violations of the legislation in this area of legal regulation are defined. Information activities of state authorities, local self-government bodies and enterprises of Ukraine, despite numerous reforms, are still characterized by certain limitations and formalities.The article attempts to analyze the legal fundamentals, principles and mechanisms of state policy principle on ensuring free access to information in the field of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine. The main focus is on normative legal acts that determine the need for open access of citizens of Ukraine to information, including in the field of water supply and wastewater. Responsibilities for providing open access to such information are entrusted to state authorities, local governments and water supply and wastewater companies. The author carries out the systematization of the types of information, access to which is provided to consumers in the field of water supply and wastewater, with the indication of the managers of such information and means of its provision. Provides data on the availability and adequacy of some types of information in the field of water supply and wastewater. The article also discusses the issues of realization of the right to access public information by analyzing the annual report of the Ombudsperson of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on human rights and jurisprudence. The system violates the legislation in the area of granting access to public information, the main groups of violations of the legislation in this area of legal regulation are defined. Information activities of state authorities, local self-government bodies and enterprises of Ukraine, despite numerous reforms, are still characterized by certain limitations and formalities

CONSOLIDATION OF ENTERPRISES OF WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER OF UKRAINE WITHIN THE RIVER BASINS: OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS

The article describes the peculiarities of implementation of the watershed management of water resources management in Ukraine under the conditions of reforming the state water management system, the sphere of water supply and wastewater. The connection between the implementation of the basin principle of water resources management and the search for an effective model of management of water supply and wastewater enterprises are determined. The article deals with the peculiarities of the existing management of the water supply and wastewater system of the country according to the administrative-territorial principle, presents a map of Ukraine by regional division, shows the population of the regions, the number of water supply and wastewater companies operating in the regions, lists the basic water supply and wastewater enterprises. The hydrographic map of Ukraine is presented, it is stated that the modern administrative- territorial division of the territory of Ukraine does not coincide with the hydrographic boundaries of the basins of water bodies of Ukraine, which also complicates the implementation of integrated management in the water sphere. The author of the article proposes to solve the issues of management and production efficiency of water supply and wastewater enterprises by consolidation of water supply and wastewater companies within river basins, separate territories (or regionalization of water supply and wastewater services) and creation of regional water companies on their basis. The article describes the advantages of consolidation of water supply and wastewater companies and gives examples of such consolidation in Ukraine and the prospects for its further implementation.The article describes the peculiarities of implementation of the watershed management of water resources management in Ukraine under the conditions of reforming the state water management system, the sphere of water supply and wastewater. The connection between the implementation of the basin principle of water resources management and the search for an effective model of management of water supply and wastewater enterprises are determined. The article deals with the peculiarities of the existing management of the water supply and wastewater system of the country according to the administrative-territorial principle, presents a map of Ukraine by regional division, shows the population of the regions, the number of water supply and wastewater companies operating in the regions, lists the basic water supply and wastewater enterprises. The hydrographic map of Ukraine is presented, it is stated that the modern administrative- territorial division of the territory of Ukraine does not coincide with the hydrographic boundaries of the basins of water bodies of Ukraine, which also complicates the implementation of integrated management in the water sphere. The author of the article proposes to solve the issues of management and production efficiency of water supply and wastewater enterprises by consolidation of water supply and wastewater companies within river basins, separate territories (or regionalization of water supply and wastewater services) and creation of regional water companies on their basis. The article describes the advantages of consolidation of water supply and wastewater companies and gives examples of such consolidation in Ukraine and the prospects for its further implementation

“Unsere mutigen Feiglinge” : Remembrance of Austrian Wehrmacht Deserters in Hanna Sukare’s Schwedenreiter

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