9,849 research outputs found
Shared Capitalism at Work: Employee Ownership, Profit and Gain Sharing, and Broad-based Stock Options
Universality in escape from a modulated potential well
We show that the rate of activated escape from a periodically modulated
potential displays scaling behavior versus modulation amplitude . For
adiabatic modulation of an optically trapped Brownian particle, measurements
yield with . The theory gives
in the adiabatic limit and predicts a crossover to scaling as
approaches the bifurcation point where the metastable state disappears.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Modeling of 3D fluid-structure-interaction during in-situ hybridization of double-curved fiber-metal-laminates
On the particle paths and the stagnation points in small-amplitude deep-water waves
In order to obtain quite precise information about the shape of the particle
paths below small-amplitude gravity waves travelling on irrotational deep
water, analytic solutions of the nonlinear differential equation system
describing the particle motion are provided. All these solutions are not closed
curves. Some particle trajectories are peakon-like, others can be expressed
with the aid of the Jacobi elliptic functions or with the aid of the
hyperelliptic functions. Remarks on the stagnation points of the
small-amplitude irrotational deep-water waves are also made.Comment: to appear in J. Math. Fluid Mech. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1106.382
Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review
BACKGROUND: Rigorous rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is necessary for a successful surgical outcome. A large number of clinical trials continue to assess aspects of this rehabilitation process. Prior systematic reviews evaluated fifty-four Level-I and II clinical trials published through 2005. METHODS: Eighty-five articles from 2006 to 2010 were identified utilizing multiple search engines. Twenty-nine Level-I or II studies met inclusion criteria and were evaluated with use of the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) criteria. Topics included in this review are postoperative bracing, accelerated strengthening, home-based rehabilitation, proprioception and neuromuscular training, and six miscellaneous topics investigated in single trials. RESULTS: Bracing following ACL reconstruction remains neither necessary nor beneficial and adds to the cost of the procedure. Early return to sports needs further research. Home-based rehabilitation can be successful. Although neuromuscular interventions are not likely to be harmful to patients, they are also not likely to yield large improvements in outcomes or help patients return to sports faster. Thus, they should not be performed to the exclusion of strengthening and range-of-motion exercises. Vibration training may lead to faster and more complete proprioceptive recovery but further evidence is needed. CONCLUSIONS: Several new modalities for rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction may be helpful but should not be performed to the exclusion of range-of-motion, strengthening, and functional exercises. Accelerated rehabilitation does not appear to be harmful but further investigation of rehabilitation timing is warranted. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence
Effectiveness of Pressure Biofeedback in Activation of Transversus Abdominis during the Abdominal Draw-In Maneuver
Study Design: Repeated Measures Design.
Objectives: To compare the recruitment of the transversus abdominis and internal oblique during the performance of the supine abdominal draw-in maneuver with the use of pressure biofeedback and without the use of pressure biofeedback. Muscle recruitment will be measured through the use of surface electromyography (EMG).
Background: Surface EMG reliability and validity is reported for transversus abdominis.
Methods: Thirty-nine healthy subjects of the ages 18 to 54 were tested. The subjects were instructed and performed practice trails of the supine draw-in maneuver with and without pressure biofeedback prior to data collection. EMG muscle activity was recorded during a 30 second hold of the supine draw-in maneuver.
Results: Data was analyzed on 32 subjects. There was no significant difference in the EMG activity of the transversus abdominis during the performance of the supin
Brief communication:getting Greenland’s glaciers right – a new data set of all official Greenlandic glacier names
Place names in Greenland can be difficult to get right, as they are a mix of
Greenlandic, Danish, and other foreign languages. In addition, orthographies
have changed over time. With this new data set, we give the researcher
working with Greenlandic glaciers the proper tool to find the correct name
for glaciers and ice caps in Greenland and to locate glaciers described in
the historic literature with the old Greenlandic orthography. The data set
contains information on the names of 733 glaciers, 285 originating from the
Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) and 448 from local glaciers and ice caps (LGICs)
Requirements for contractility in disordered cytoskeletal bundles
Actomyosin contractility is essential for biological force generation, and is
well understood in highly organized structures such as striated muscle.
Additionally, actomyosin bundles devoid of this organization are known to
contract both in vivo and in vitro, which cannot be described by standard
muscle models. To narrow down the search for possible contraction mechanisms in
these systems, we investigate their microscopic symmetries. We show that
contractile behavior requires non-identical motors that generate large enough
forces to probe the nonlinear elastic behavior of F-actin. This suggests a role
for filament buckling in the contraction of these bundles, consistent with
recent experimental results on reconstituted actomyosin bundles.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures; text shortene
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