К проблеме загрязнения пестицидами объектов окружающей среды в Крыму

В работе сделана попытка проследить динамику накопления пестицидов в почвах, сельскохозяйственных продуктах и в водоемах курортных зон.In this article have done attempt to follow the dynamics of pesticide accumulation in the soil, the agricultural products, and in the objects of the Crimean regions, which have the special importance as a resort

Прямі іноземні інвестиції: світові тенденції та структурний розподіл в економіці України

Досліджено проблему розподілу глобальних потоків прямих іноземних інвестицій у розрізі різних регіонів світу, а також країн із різним рівнем розвитку: розвинутих, з економікою, що розвивається, чи перехідною; визначено ключові особливості інвестиційної політики країн в умовах рецесійних явищ економік світу; виконано аналіз структурного співвідношення вхідних потоків прямих іноземних інвестицій в економіку України. Ключові слова: іноземні інвестиції, перехідна економіка, інвестиційна політика, економіка України.Исследована проблема распределения глобальних потоков прямых иностранных инвестиций в разрезе различных регионов мира, а также стран с разным уровнем развития: развитых, с развивающейся или переходной экономикой; определены ключевые особенности инвестиционной политики стран в условиях рецессионных явлений экономик мира; проведен анализ структурного соотношения входных потоков прямых иностранных инвестиций в экономику Украины. Ключевые слова: иностранные инвестиции, переходная экономика, инвестиционная политика, экономика Украины.In the conditions of modern economy enterprises run into high changeability of environment, in particular, with a necessity in good time to adapt the tax plans. Enormous volumes of information that must be analyzed in the process of the tax planning require the presence of the modern informative providing that allows both facilitating the drafting of tax plans and carrying out their correction. It stipulates actuality of researches in the field of development of the informative providing of the operative tax planning at enterprises. The aim of the article is the development of chart of the informative providing of the operative tax planning at an enterprise. In the article the informative providing of the operative tax planning is offered at an enterprise. The informative providing is the complex of associate instruments that provide the stages of the operative tax planning. It allows promoting efficiency of functioning of the Ukrainian enterprises. The development of the offered informative providing can be in terms of methods and mechanisms of its practical realization. Keywords: informative providing, tax planning, operative planning, taxes of enterprises

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OBJECTIVES: Movement in the magnetic fields around MRI systems showed acute negative effects on concentration, memory, visuo-spatial orientation and postural body sway. A crucial role of the vestibular system has been hypothesised. We aimed to gain more insight whether subjects with a relatively (un)sensitive vestibular system performed differently on cognitive tasks when (moving) in a the static magnetic field of an MRI scanner.\n\nMETHOD: In a double blind randomised cross over experiment 36 healthy volunteers underwent several cognitive tasks in 4 experimental sessions. Two were exposure conditions near a 7 Tesla (T) MRI system with personal exposure of 1.0 T. In one of these conditions additional time-varying magnetic fields of 2.4 T/s were induced by making standardised head movements. Of the two sham conditions (0 T) one was with and the other without such head movements. Vestibular sensitivity of each subject was assessed by the rotary chair test, the caloric reflex test and self-reported sensitivity to motion sickness.\n\nRESULTS: Linear mixed models are currently in progress to test cognitive performance in a magnetic field for subjects with a low, normal and high sensitive vestibular organ. Preliminary results seem to suggest some differential cognitive effects of magnetic field exposure according to relative vestibular sensitivity. Further results will be presented at the conference.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These findings are important to better understand a possible working mechanism evoking these cognitive effects. Moreover, these finding can form a basis for the design of relevant protective and precautionary control measures for employees working close to an MRI system

Temporal Trends in Variability of Respirable Dust and Respirable Quartz Concentrations in the European Industrial Minerals Sector

While between- and within-worker variability have been studied quite extensively, hardly any research is available that examines long-term trends in the variability of occupational exposure. In this first study on trends in occupational exposure variability temporal changes in the variability of respirable dust and respirable quartz concentrations within the European industrial minerals sector were demonstrated. Since 2000 the European Industrial Minerals Association's Dust Monitoring Program (IMA-DMP) has systematically collected respirable dust and respirable quartz measurements. The resulting IMA-DMP occupational exposure database contains at present approximately 40 000 personal full-shift measurements, collected at 177 sites owned by 39 companies, located in 23 European countries. Repeated measurements of workers performing their duties within a specific site-job-campaign combination allowed estimation of within- and between-worker variability in exposure concentrations. Overall day-to-day variability predominated the between-worker variability for both respirable dust concentrations and quartz concentrations. The within-worker variability in concentrations by job was two to three times higher for respirable quartz than for respirable dust. The median between-worker variability in respirable dust concentrations was low and further reduced over time. For quartz concentrations the same phenomenon albeit somewhat less strong was observed. In contrast, for the within-worker variability in concentrations downward and upward temporal trends were apparent for both respirable dust and respirable quartz. The study shows that the (relative) size of temporal variability is large and unpredictable and therefore regular measurement campaigns are needed to ascertain compliance to occupational exposure limit values

Перспективы развития рынка еврокапитала в современных условиях

Clinical and research staff who work around magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners are exposed to the static magnetic stray fields of these scanners. Although the past decade has seen strong developments in the assessment of occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from MRI scanners, there is insufficient insight into the exposure variability that characterizes routine MRI work practice. However, this is an essential component of risk assessment and epidemiological studies. This paper describes the results of a measurement survey of shift-based personal exposure to static magnetic fields (SMF) (B) and motion-induced time-varying magnetic fields (dB/dt) among workers at 15 MRI facilities in the Netherlands. With the use of portable magnetic field dosimeters, >400 full-shift and partial shift exposure measurements were collected among various jobs involved in clinical and research MRI. Various full-shift exposure metrics for B and motion-induced dB/dt exposure were calculated from the measurements, including instantaneous peak exposure and time-weighted average (TWA) exposures. We found strong correlations between levels of static (B) and time-varying (dB/dt) exposure (r = 0.88–0.92) and between different metrics (i.e. peak exposure, TWA exposure) to express full-shift exposure (r = 0.69–0.78). On average, participants were exposed to MRI-related SMFs during only 3.7% of their work shift. Average and peak B and dB/dt exposure levels during the work inside the MRI scanner room were highest among technical staff, research staff, and radiographers. Average and peak B exposure levels were lowest among cleaners, while dB/dt levels were lowest among anaesthesiology staff. Although modest exposure variability between workplaces and occupations was observed, variation between individuals of the same occupation was substantial, especially among research staff. This relatively large variability between workers with the same job suggests that exposure classification based solely on job title may not be an optimal grouping strategy for epidemiological purposes

Determination of optimal conditions for pressure oxidative leaching of Sarcheshmeh Molybdenite concentrate using Taguchi method

The present research work is based on finding the optimum conditions for pressure oxidative leaching of the molybdenite concentrate to produce technical-grade molybdic oxide (MoO3) with high recovery through further treatment of the filtrate solution. The Taguchi method was used to design and minimize the number of experiments. By using Taguchi orthogonal (L25) array, five parameters (time, temperature, oxygen pressure, pulp density and acid concentration) at five levels were selected for 25 experiments. The experiments were designed and carried out in a high-pressure reactor in the presence of nitric acid as solvent and oxidizing agent for the molybdenite concentrate and its ReS2 content. The optimum conditions for pressure leaching of molybdenite were obtained through using Signal to Noise analysis and modified by using Minitab software prediction tool. Furthermore, the optimum condition for an economical pressure leaching of rhenium sulfide (ReS2) was achieved with the same process. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the pulp density is of paramount importance in this process

Airborne occupational exposures and the risk of developing respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction in the Lifelines Cohort Study

OBJECTIVES: To date, only a few studies have investigated the associations between occupational exposures and respiratory outcomes longitudinally in the general population. We investigated the associations between occupational exposures and the development of respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction in the Lifelines Cohort Study. METHODS: We included 35 739 occupationally active subjects with data on chronic cough, chronic phlegm, chronic bronchitis or airway obstruction at baseline and approximately 4.5 years follow-up. Exposures to biological dust, mineral dust, gases/fumes, pesticides, solvents and metals in the current job at baseline were estimated with the ALOHA+job-exposure matrix (JEM). Airway obstruction was defined as FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for baseline covariates was used to investigate the associations. RESULTS: At follow-up, 1888 (6.0%), 1495 (4.7%), 710 (2.5%) and 508 (4.5%) subjects had developed chronic cough, chronic phlegm, chronic bronchitis and airway obstruction, respectively. High exposure to biological dust was associated with a higher odds to develop chronic cough and chronic bronchitis. High exposure to pesticides was associated with a higher odds for the development of all respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction. In the multiple exposures analyses, only the association between pesticides exposure and respiratory symptoms remained. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects exposed to high pesticides had a higher odds to develop respiratory symptoms on average 4.5 years later. Control measures should be taken to reduce pesticides exposure among the working population to prevent respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction

Методичні підходи до оцінки ефективності функціонування ринку праці в аграрному секторі економіки

Ціль статті - визначити методичні підходи до оцінки ефективності функціонування ринку праці в аграрному секторі економіки на сучасному етапі