New polymorph of InVO4: A high-pressure structure with six-coordinated vanadium

This document is the unedited Author’s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Inorganic Chemestry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic402043xA new wolframite-type polymorph of InVO4 is identified under compression near 7 GPa by in situ high-pressure (HP) X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopic investigations on the stable orthorhombic InVO4. The structural transition is accompanied by a large volume collapse (Delta V/V = -14%) and a drastic increase in bulk modulus (from 69 to 168 GPa). Both techniques also show the existence of a third phase coexisting with the low- and high-pressure phases in a limited pressure range close to the transition pressure. XRD studies revealed a highly anisotropic compression in orthorhombic InVO4. In addition, the compressibility becomes nonlinear in the HP polymorph. The volume collapse in the lattice is related to an increase of the polyhedral coordination around the vanadium atoms. The transformation is not fully reversible. The drastic change in the polyhedral arrangement observed at the transition is indicative of a reconstructive phase transformation. The HP phase here found is the only modification of InVO4 reported to date with 6-fold coordinated vanadium atoms. Finally, Raman frequencies and pressure coefficients in the low- and high-pressure phases of InVO4 are reported.This research supported by the Spanish government MINECO under Grant Nos. MAT2010-21270-C04-01/04 and CSD2007-00045. O.G. acknowledges support from Vicerrectorado de Investigacion y Desarrollo of UPV (Grant No. UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11). S.N.A. acknowledges support provided by Universitat de Valencia during his visit to it. B.G.-D. acknowledges the financial support from MINECO through the FPI program.Errandonea, D.; Gomis Hilario, O.; García-Domene, B.; Pellicer Porres, J.; Katari, V.; Achary, SN.; Tyagi, AK.... (2013). New polymorph of InVO4: A high-pressure structure with six-coordinated vanadium. Inorganic Chemistry. 52(21):12790-12798. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic402043xS1279012798522

Modelling the atmospheric ³⁴S-sulfur budget in a column model under volcanically quiescent conditions

We investigated the sulfur isotope budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) and the role of COS as a precursor for stratospheric sulfate aerosols (SSA). Currently, the sulfur isotopic budgets for both SSA and tropospheric COS are unresolved. Moreover, there is some debate on the significance of COS on SSA formation. With the use of an atmospheric column model, we model the isotopic composition of COS to resolve some of the uncertainties in its budget. We attempt to constrain the isotopic budget (32S and 34S) of COS in the troposphere and the stratosphere. We are able to constrain the model results to match the observed COS isotopic signature at the surface, which has recently been measured to lie between δ34S = 10–14 permil (‰). When we propagate this composition to SSA, we match the isotopic signal of SSA that was measured in volcanically quiescent times at 18 km as δ34S = 2.6 ‰. Our results show that COS becomes isotopically enriched during destruction in the stratosphere, and this enriched isotopic signal of COS propagates through SO2 to sulfate, creating strong positive isotopic gradients of both SO2 and sulfate in the lower stratosphere. Sensitivity tests indicate that the enriched sulfur in the stratosphere is mostly sensitive to COS photolysis, and to a lesser extent to biosphere uptake and COS emission signature. A better quantification of these processes could further support the role of COS in sustaining the SSA layer. Hence, there is a need for isotopic measurements for both stratospheric COS and SSA to better constrain these contributions

Modelling the atmospheric ³⁴S-sulfur budget in a column model under volcanically quiescent conditions

We investigated the sulfur isotope budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) and the role of COS as a precursor for stratospheric sulfate aerosols (SSA). Currently, the sulfur isotopic budgets for both SSA and tropospheric COS are unresolved. Moreover, there is some debate on the significance of COS on SSA formation. With the use of an atmospheric column model, we model the isotopic composition of COS to resolve some of the uncertainties in its budget. We attempt to constrain the isotopic budget (32S and 34S) of COS in the troposphere and the stratosphere. We are able to constrain the model results to match the observed COS isotopic signature at the surface, which has recently been measured to lie between δ34S = 10–14 permil (‰). When we propagate this composition to SSA, we match the isotopic signal of SSA that was measured in volcanically quiescent times at 18 km as δ34S = 2.6 ‰. Our results show that COS becomes isotopically enriched during destruction in the stratosphere, and this enriched isotopic signal of COS propagates through SO2 to sulfate, creating strong positive isotopic gradients of both SO2 and sulfate in the lower stratosphere. Sensitivity tests indicate that the enriched sulfur in the stratosphere is mostly sensitive to COS photolysis, and to a lesser extent to biosphere uptake and COS emission signature. A better quantification of these processes could further support the role of COS in sustaining the SSA layer. Hence, there is a need for isotopic measurements for both stratospheric COS and SSA to better constrain these contributions

Impact of Myelopathy Severity and Degree of Deformity on Postoperative Outcomes in Cervical Spinal Deformity Patients

Objective Malalignment of the cervical spine can result in cord compression, leading to a myelopathy diagnosis. Whether deformity or myelopathy severity is stronger predictors of surgical outcomes is understudied. Methods Surgical cervical deformity (CD) patients with baseline (BL) and up to 1-year data were included. Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score categorized BL myelopathy (mJOA = 18 excluded), with moderate myelopathy mJOA being 12 to 17 and severe myelopathy being less than 12. BL deformity severity was categorized using the mismatch between T1 slope and cervical lordosis (TS-CL), with CL being the angle between the lower endplates of C2 and C7. Moderate deformity was TS-CL less than or equal to 25° and severe deformity was greater than 25°. Categorizations were combined into 4 groups: group 1 (G1), severe myelopathy and severe deformity; group 2 (G2), severe myelopathy and moderate deformity; group 3 (G3), moderate myelopathy and moderate deformity; group 4 (G4), moderate myelopathy and severe deformity. Univariate analyses determined whether myelopathy or deformity had greater impact on outcomes. Results One hundred twenty-eight CD patients were included (mean age, 56.5 years; 46% female; body mass index, 30.4 kg/m2) with a BL mJOA score of 12.8±2.7 and mean TS-CL of 25.9°±16.1°. G1 consisted of 11.1% of our CD population, with 21% in G2, 34.6% in G3, and 33.3% in G4. At BL, Neck Disability Index (NDI) was greatest in G2 (p=0.011). G4 had the lowest EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) (p<0.001). Neurologic exam factors were greater in severe myelopathy (p<0.050). At 1-year, severe deformity met minimum clinically important differences (MCIDs) for NDI more than moderate deformity (p=0.002). G2 had significantly worse outcomes compared to G4 by 1-year NDI (p=0.004), EQ-5D (p=0.028), Numerical Rating Scale neck (p=0.046), and MCID for NDI (p=0.001). Conclusion Addressing severe deformity had increased clinical weight in improving patient-reported outcomes compared to addressing severe myelopathy

Modelling the atmospheric ³⁴S-sulfur budget in a column model under volcanically quiescent conditions

We investigated the sulfur isotope budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) and the role of COS as a precursor for stratospheric sulfate aerosols (SSA). Currently, the sulfur isotopic budgets for both SSA and tropospheric COS are unresolved. Moreover, there is some debate on the significance of COS on SSA formation. With the use of an atmospheric column model, we model the isotopic composition of COS to resolve some of the uncertainties in its budget. We attempt to constrain the isotopic budget (32S and 34S) of COS in the troposphere and the stratosphere. We are able to constrain the model results to match the observed COS isotopic signature at the surface, which has recently been measured to lie between δ34S = 10–14 permil (‰). When we propagate this composition to SSA, we match the isotopic signal of SSA that was measured in volcanically quiescent times at 18 km as δ34S = 2.6 ‰. Our results show that COS becomes isotopically enriched during destruction in the stratosphere, and this enriched isotopic signal of COS propagates through SO2 to sulfate, creating strong positive isotopic gradients of both SO2 and sulfate in the lower stratosphere. Sensitivity tests indicate that the enriched sulfur in the stratosphere is mostly sensitive to COS photolysis, and to a lesser extent to biosphere uptake and COS emission signature. A better quantification of these processes could further support the role of COS in sustaining the SSA layer. Hence, there is a need for isotopic measurements for both stratospheric COS and SSA to better constrain these contributions

Supplemental Material - Dosing Strategy for Osteobiologics Used in Acdf Surgery, Influence on Fusion Rates and Associated Complications. A Systematic Literature Review

Supplemental Material for Dosing Strategy for Osteobiologics Used in Acdf Surgery, Influence on Fusion Rates and Associated Complications. A Systematic Literature Review by Waeel O. Hamouda, Sotiris Veranis, Oscar Krol, Navraj S. Sagoo, Peter G. Passias, Zorica Buser, Hans Joerg Meisel and Tim Yoon in Global Spine Journal</p

Developmental and Wound-, Cold-, Desiccation-, Ultraviolet-B-Stress-Induced Modulations in the Expression of the Petunia Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Gene ZPT2-2

The ZPT2-2 gene belongs to the EPF gene family in petunia (Petunia hybrida), which encodes proteins with TFIIIA-type zinc-finger DNA-binding motifs. To elucidate a possible function for ZPT2-2, we analyzed its pattern of expression in relation to different developmental and physiological stress signals. The activity of the ZPT2-2 promoter was analyzed using a firefly luciferase (LUC) reporter gene, allowing for continuous measurements of transgene activity in planta. We show that ZPT2-2::LUC is active in all plant tissues, but is strongly modulated in cotyledons upon germination, in leaves in response to desiccation, cold treatment, wounding, or ultraviolet-B light, and in petal tissue in response to pollination of the stigma. Analysis of mRNA levels indicated that the modulations in ZPT2-2::LUC expression reflect modulations in endogenous ZPT2-2 gene expression. The change in ZPT2-2::LUC activity by cold treatment, wounding, desiccation, and ultraviolet-B light suggest that the phytohormones ethylene and jasmonic acid are involved in regulating the expression of ZPT2-2. Although up-regulation of expression of ZPT2-2 can be blocked by inhibitors of ethylene perception, expression in plants is not induced by exogenously applied ethylene. The application of jasmonic acid does result in an up-regulation of gene activity and, thus, ZPT2-2 may play a role in the realization of the jasmonic acid hormonal responses in petunia

An Artificial Neural Network Model for the Prediction of Perioperative Blood Transfusion in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery

Prediction of blood transfusion after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery can identify at-risk patients and potentially reduce its utilization and the complications associated with it. The use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) offers the potential for high predictive capability. A total of 1173 patients who underwent surgery for ASD were identified in the 2017–2019 NSQIP databases. The data were split into 70% training and 30% testing cohorts. Eighteen patient and operative variables were used. The outcome variable was receiving RBC transfusion intraoperatively or within 72 h after surgery. The model was assessed by its sensitivity, positive predictive value, F1-score, accuracy (ACC), and area under the curve (AUROC). Average patient age was 56 years and 63% were female. Pelvic fixation was performed in 21.3% of patients and three-column osteotomies in 19.5% of cases. The transfusion rate was 50.0% (586/1173 patients). The best model showed an overall ACC of 81% and 77% on the training and testing data, respectively. On the testing data, the sensitivity was 80%, the positive predictive value 76%, and the F1-score was 78%. The AUROC was 0.84. ANNs may allow the identification of at-risk patients, potentially decrease the risk of transfusion via strategic planning, and improve resource allocation