Summary of Discussions from the workshop at Seanbur's Seminar Oct. 1998 with the topic “Positive and Negative Effects of Enrichment Elements in Cages for Small Rodents”

No abstract availabl

Die fixateurassistierte Plattenosteosynthese (FAPO) zur multiplanaren Deformitätenkorrektur

Diese Arbeit besteht aus der Entwicklung eines neuen operativen Korrekturverfahrens bei multiplanaren Fehlstellungen der unteren Extremität, das aus der Kombination eines Hexapod-Systems, des Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF®), und einer internen Osteosynthese durch eine minimal invasiv einzubringende, winkelstabile Platte (Tomofix®) besteht, der so genannten fixateurassisierten Plattenosteosynthese (FAPO). Das Verfahren wurde experimentell an einem Kunstknochen, später an 4 Leichenknochen auf seine Praktikabilität und Korrekturgenauigkeit getestet. Es erwies sich dabei als technisch praktikabel. Im Anschluss wurde das Verfahren bei 4 Patienten mit kongenitalen und posttraumatischen Fehlstellungen angewendet. Hier konnte in allen 3 Ebenen mit einer Genauigkeit von ±2° korrigiert werden. Alle Patienten erzielten eine vollständige knöcherne Ausheilung. Das Follow-up betrug 29,7 Monate. Die Studie belegt, daß mit der FAPO ein neues technisch und praktisch durchführbares Verfahren entwickelt wurde

Jet Trimming

Initial state radiation, multiple interactions, and event pileup can contaminate jets and degrade event reconstruction. Here we introduce a procedure, jet trimming, designed to mitigate these sources of contamination in jets initiated by light partons. This procedure is complimentary to existing methods developed for boosted heavy particles. We find that jet trimming can achieve significant improvements in event reconstruction, especially at high energy/luminosity hadron colliders like the LHC.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables - Minor changes to text/figure

Whooping Cranes Consume Plains Leopard Frogs at Migratory Stopover Sites in Nebraska

Whooping cranes (Grus americana) currently consist of a single, wild population that migrates annually from breeding grounds at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, to wintering grounds on and around the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge along the Texas coast, USA (NRC 2005). This population reached a low of less than 20 individuals in 1941 (Allen 1952) but has rebounded to over 250 individuals (Chavez-Ramirez and Wehtje 2012, Gil-Weir et al. 2012). Whooping cranes migrate approximately 4,000 km each spring and autumn, traversing much of the North American Great Plains (Lewis 1995) and periodically landing along rivers, wetlands, and other shallow bodies of water for short-duration stopovers (Austin and Richert 2001). Our observations represent some of the few published accounts of a frog species being consumed by whooping cranes along the Central Flyway

Optimal jet radius in kinematic dijet reconstruction

Obtaining a good momentum reconstruction of a jet is a compromise between taking it large enough to catch the perturbative final-state radiation and small enough to avoid too much contamination from the underlying event and initial-state radiation. In this paper, we compute analytically the optimal jet radius for dijet reconstructions and study its scale dependence. We also compare our results with previous Monte-Carlo studies.Comment: 30 pages, 11 figures; minor corrections; published in JHE

Challenges and achievements in the utilization of the health system among adolescents in a region of Burkina Faso particularly affected by poverty

Objective: Healthcare for adolescents receives little attention in low-income countries globally despite their large population share in these settings, the importance of disease prevention at these ages for later life outcomes and adolescent health needs differing from those of other ages. We therefore examined healthcare need and use among adolescents in rural Burkina Faso to identify reasons for use and gaps in provision and uptake. Methods: We interviewed 1,644 adolescents aged 12-20 living in rural northwestern Burkina Faso in 2017. Topics included healthcare need and satisfaction with care provided. We calculated response-weighted prevalence of perceived healthcare need and utilization, then conducted multivariable regression to look at predictors of need, realized access and successful utilization based on the Andersen and Aday model. Results: 43.7 [41.2 - 46.0] % of participants perceived need for healthcare at least once in the preceding 12 months - 52.0 [48.1 - 56.0] % of females and 35.6 [32.5 - 39.0] % of males. Of those with perceived need, 92.6 [90.0 - 94.3] % were able to access care and 79.0 [75.6 - 82.0] % obtained successful utilization. Need was most strongly predicted by gender, education and urbanicity, while predictors of successful use included household wealth and female guardian’s educational attainment. Conclusion: Healthcare utilization among adolescents is low in rural Burkina Faso, but mostly thought of as sufficient with very few individuals reporting need that was not linked to care. Future objective assessment of healthcare need could help identify whether our results reflect a well-functioning system for these adolescents, or one where barriers lead to low awareness of needs or low expectations for service provision

Pure Samples of Quark and Gluon Jets at the LHC

Having pure samples of quark and gluon jets would greatly facilitate the study of jet properties and substructure, with many potential standard model and new physics applications. To this end, we consider multijet and jets+X samples, to determine the purity that can be achieved by simple kinematic cuts leaving reasonable production cross sections. We find, for example, that at the 7 TeV LHC, the pp {\to} {\gamma}+2jets sample can provide 98% pure quark jets with 200 GeV of transverse momentum and a cross section of 5 pb. To get 10 pb of 200 GeV jets with 90% gluon purity, the pp {\to} 3jets sample can be used. b+2jets is also useful for gluons, but only if the b-tagging is very efficient.Comment: 19 pages, 16 figures; v2 section on formally defining quark and gluon jets has been adde