Regional Programs on Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency: The National Construction Sector

The research is aimed at identifying patterns of implementation of regional programs for energy saving and increasing energy efficiency in the context of innovative development of the construction industry. Authors held a critical analysis of the existing regional programs in the field of energy saving, the development of proposals for improvement of existing and development of new energy efficiency programs for the building complex, including low-rise housing construction. The study applies economic and statistical methods as to establish quantitative relationships and evaluation of existing programs for the development of new instruments of territorial-sectoral development. The conclusions are made on the overall inefficiency of the implementation of existing regional programs on energy saving and energy efficiency, as well as the need to change them in terms of the introduction of industrial components. Implementation of the results can lead to performance improvement of both the regional energy efficiency programs, and the development of the construction industry. Keywords: construction industry, regional development, energy conservation, energy efficiency. JEL Classifications: R63, R11, Q4

Study of prospects of creating track membranes from polycyanurates on the radiation complex of INR of NAS of Ukraine

International audienceThe results of the experiments on the creation of heat-resistant track nuclear membranes of increased strength from original domestic polymer films are discussed. The structure of the radiation technology complex created at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (INR) for the study of technology of nuclear track membrane from the newest polymeric materials of the polycyanurate group is described. The complex meets the basic requirements for solving the problems of production, improvement and development of new types of track membranes. At the radiation complex of the INR the original methods of producing heat-resistant nanoporous films of increased thickness and strength the newest polymers of Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IMC), promising for use in industry, have been successfully implemented. By bombing of polymer films by a-particles with energy of 27,2 MeV the first samples of nanoporous materials, which fully meet the requirements of track membranes in terms of shape and pore size have been produced. The results of study of the structure of the nuclear membranes obtained are presented. The first tests have shown that polycyanurate track membranes can be used for filtration of gases. The results of testing the nanoporous films obtained for gas separation are presented from as well. It has been experimentally proven that it is possible to produce nanoporous materials of the nuclear filter group from the film polycyanurates. As the prospect of progress in the technology of nanoporous films from polycyanurates, the possibility of involvement of radiation polymerization mechanisms to obtain filter materials with desired physicochemical properties and structure is considered. Following the results of the first experiments, a complex of scientific and technical measures for the organization of further research was developed. It includes the adaptation of the radiation technology of the INR for production of nuclear filters using track technologies, the development of new structures of polymeric materials, further searches for economically advantageous track formation technologies, optimization of material sensitization methods in tracks by photons of different energies

Nanoporous Cyanate Ester Resins: Structure-Gas Transport Property Relationships

Abstract This contribution addresses the relationships between the structure and gas transport properties of nanoporous thermostable cyanate ester resins (CERs) derived from polycyclotrimerization of 1,1′-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)ethane in the presence of 30 or 50 wt% of inert high-boiling temperature porogens (i.e., dimethyl- or dibutyl phthalates), followed by their quantitative removal. The nanopores in the films obtained were generated via a chemically induced phase separation route with further porogen extraction from the densely crosslinked CERs. To ensure a total desorption of the porogen moieties from the networks, an additional short-term thermal annealing at 250 °C was performed. The structure and morphology of such nanoporous CER-based films were investigated by FTIR and SEM techniques, respectively. Further, the gas transport properties of CER films were analyzed after the different processing steps, and relationships between the material structure and the main gas transport parameters were established

Study of prospects of creating track membranes from polycyanurates on the radiation complex of INR of NAS of Ukraine

International audienceThe results of the experiments on the creation of heat-resistant track nuclear membranes of increased strength from original domestic polymer films are discussed. The structure of the radiation technology complex created at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (INR) for the study of technology of nuclear track membrane from the newest polymeric materials of the polycyanurate group is described. The complex meets the basic requirements for solving the problems of production, improvement and development of new types of track membranes. At the radiation complex of the INR the original methods of producing heat-resistant nanoporous films of increased thickness and strength the newest polymers of Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IMC), promising for use in industry, have been successfully implemented. By bombing of polymer films by a-particles with energy of 27,2 MeV the first samples of nanoporous materials, which fully meet the requirements of track membranes in terms of shape and pore size have been produced. The results of study of the structure of the nuclear membranes obtained are presented. The first tests have shown that polycyanurate track membranes can be used for filtration of gases. The results of testing the nanoporous films obtained for gas separation are presented from as well. It has been experimentally proven that it is possible to produce nanoporous materials of the nuclear filter group from the film polycyanurates. As the prospect of progress in the technology of nanoporous films from polycyanurates, the possibility of involvement of radiation polymerization mechanisms to obtain filter materials with desired physicochemical properties and structure is considered. Following the results of the first experiments, a complex of scientific and technical measures for the organization of further research was developed. It includes the adaptation of the radiation technology of the INR for production of nuclear filters using track technologies, the development of new structures of polymeric materials, further searches for economically advantageous track formation technologies, optimization of material sensitization methods in tracks by photons of different energies

Thermally stable nanoporous cyanate ester resin/linear polyurethane hybrid networks created by nuclear technologies

International audienceThermally stable nanoporous polymer films have been created as promising materials for membrane technologies. Thermosetting Cyanate Ester Resins (CERs) and linear polyurethane (LPU) were combined by stepwise thermal curing, and the films of resulting hybrid polymers were irradiated with α-particles followed by chemical etching. Well-defined highly regular nanoporous structures were developed in the films as evidenced by using SEM. No significant changes in chemical structure of the polymer systems obtained after α-irradiation were observed by FTIR spectroscopy measurements. The polymer films obtained on the basis of hybrid networks with the CER/LPU composition equal to 90/10 wt.% had quite narrow pore diameter distribution with average pore diameters around 12 nm. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal characteristics of the nanoporous films were sufficiently high (Тg ~ 167 °C to ~199 °C, Тd5% ~ 293-359 o C, and Тd max ~ 429-457 o C). The CER/LPU nanoporous thermosetting materials demonstrated effective gas transport properties tested with gases, such as О2, СО2, N2, and СН4. The combination of an additional sensitization step using -rays and longer time of chemical etching improved the properties of the nanoporous systems developed. Such materials open the way to numerous applications, for example, as ultrafiltration membranes for advanced technologies, especially under extreme conditions