Physical Exercise Does Not Improve Colon Inflammation in Mice Induced Lambda Carrageenan

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a well known reported gastrointestinal tract disease, which the prevalence continous to increase in Southeast Asia and other developing countries. Animal model have already been widely used for gut inflammation study. Lambda (λ) carrageenan is a chemical substance which commonly used to induced inflammation in IBD animal models. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy recommended for IBD. However, further study is needed to determine the effects of this therapy. This study was aimed to determine the physical exercise effect on colon inflammation in mice induced λ-carrageenan. Thirty-eight mice were divided into 2 groups. Control group (C) which induced with λ-carrageenan and treatment group (T) which induced by λ-carrageenan and treadmill exercise. The degree of colon inflammation was obtained by histopathological examination using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining  and inflammation scoring system, which include inflammatory cell infiltration and intestinal architecture. All mice colon samples in both group were inflamed with varying degrees. The treatment group had a higher Inflammatory degree score than control group (p <0.05). Physical exercise does not improved the degree of colon inflammation in mice induced λ-carrageenan due to uncontrolled stress induction and water intake containing λ-carrageenan

High-Calorie Diet Reduces Neuroglia Count

Abstract: Nowadays, high-calorie food consumption people can unwittingly affect health. Several studies have reported the effects of excesshigh-calorie food consumption can range fromhyperglycaemia to neurodegenerative interference. In the brain, astrocytes function to respond to the changing modificationof molecular brain environment.structure. This study aimed to observe the effect of a high-calorie diet on the brain histology of male mice (Mus musculus). In this study, 28 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group pre (K0); the control group post with a standard diet (K1) ;the treatment group with 0.15g of glucose diet (K2); and the treatment group with 0.25g of glucose diet (K3). Treatment was given everyday for eightweeks. Brains were then histologically processed and stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and observation made of quantitative changes of astrocytes in the cerebral cortex. Results: Data were analyzed with Post-Hoc ANOVA. From the study, significant d ifferences were found between K0 and K2 (α 0.05). In conclusion, a high-calorie diet affects thee brain histology of male mice

AGE AND RESTING HEART RATE ARE DISCRIMINATORS TO PREDICT ENDURANCE WITHOUT PHYSICAL TEST

ABSTRACT Physical endurance is the most important variable in sport fitness. Endurance is determined commonly by maximal oxygen uptak

Age and Resting Heart Are Discrimination to Predict Endurance Without Phisical Test

Ketahanan fisik adalah variable terpenting dalam kebugaran berolahraga. Pada umumnya daya tahan ditentukan oleh pengambilan oksigen secara maksimal selama melakukan tes fisik. Kami mencoba untuk mengivestigasi apakah terdapat beberapa factor yang dapat memprediksi ketahan an fisik tanpa melakukan tes fisik. Beberapa data dikumpulkan dari 32 subjek; setengah dari mereka adalah atlet dan lainnya adalah penetap. Usia, berat badan, kadar glukosa darah dan denyut jantung dihitung sebagai faktor prediksi terhadap daya tahan. Subj ek diminta melakukan latihan fisik semaksimal mungkin dan durasi dalam waktu dihitung sebagai daya tahan yang diamati. Seluruh data dianalisis untuk distribusi normalitasnya, kolerasi multivariate dan uji discriminator. Kami menemukan bahwa usia dan denyut jantung menentukan daya tahan dengan fungsi z = 0.246.usia + 0.72.denyut jantung – 9.057. Fungsi ini dapat membedakan antara daya tahan fisik yang rendah dan yang tinggi secara signifikan (p=0,0001). Hal ini 81.3% secara tepat menklasifikasikan kategori t ingkat daya tahan. Fungsi diskriminator usia dan denyut jantung istirahat, dapat berbeda pada subjek dalam kategori daya tahan tinggi dan rendah secara tepa

THE SIMILAR CHANGES OF GLUCOSE LEVELS BEFORE AND AFTER MODERATE INTENSITY EXERCISE ACUTELY IN THE MORNING AND EVENING

Background: There is a lot of research on the importance of exercise but studies on the effective time of exercise regarding regulation of blood glucose levels are not clearly known. Objective: This study aimed to determine the comparison of changes in blood glucose levels before and after moderate intensity physical exercise in the morning and evening. Materials and Methods: Healthy men (n=34), age between 17-22 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 (normal Asia Pacific), participating in the morning (8.00 am) or evening group (20.00 pm) are asked to do moderate intensity physical exercise (55-70% of maximum heart rate) using ergocycle for a total of 40 minutes. Blood glucose levels 2 hours post prandial capillaries were taken before exercise and blood glucose levels after exercise were taken acutely. Results: The mean decrease in blood glucose levels in the morning group was ± 8.353 ± 9.16 mg/dL and in the evening group was ± 6.294 ± 10.10 mg/dL. Blood glucose levels decreased significantly for the morning group (p=0.002) and the evening group (p=0.021). The comparison of changes in blood glucose levels between the morning and evening groups was not significant (p=0.538). Conclusion: There was no difference between morning or evening exercise related to changes in blood glucose levels

Increased apoptosis, but not pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 expression in pancreatic islets is associated with intermittent glucose loads in mice

Background: Several caloric restriction studies revealed good for diabetes prevention. However, prevalence of it seems rising yearly. It needs alternative technique thus people can choose suitable way for them. Aim: To determine the effect of glucose diet intermittently on pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), apoptosis in pancreatic islets, and pancreatic islets area. Materials and methods: Balb/c mice were divided into five groups. Control group was given standard diet. The Continuous group was given standard diet and added with 7.4% calories continuously. The 1x, 2x, and 3x intermittent groups were given standard diet and added 7.4% calories for 1x, 2x, and 3x/week respectively. The 7.4% calorie addition was a glucose solution by oral galvage and ad libitum for 8 weeks. Results: There was a significantly difference on apoptosis density (p=0.043), but not in PDX-1. The islets Int2x and Int3x groups showed a significant decrease than control group (p=0.048). Insulin serum levels increased significantly in Continuous group compared to control group (p=0.04). In addition, the insulin serum level of 1x and 3x intermittent groups were significantly lower than Continuous group (p<0.05). Pre-post blood glucose levels on treatment groups decreased significantly compared to control group (p=0.012). Conclusions: Continuous and 1-3x/week intermittent addition of 7.4% calories of glucose for 8 weeks indicate a compensation mechanism for maintaining homeostasis, such as increase insulin serum level and seem to initiate the changes of morphologic-biomolecular (mainly apoptosis density in islets). The better mode is 1x/week of additional calories. However it needs further exploration to find out other influenced factors for these mechanism discovery

Survival Rate Of Animal Subject To Interval And Continuous Addition Of High Calorie Diet

High calorie diet increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. Nowadays, teens tend to consume high calorie diet. However, mechanisms of the effect of high calorie diet are still poorly understood, therefor animal model are needed to help to resolve it. This research was aimed to develop animal model that able to survive from continuous and interval administration of high calorie diet. Eight week of age of Balb/c mice were used as the subject. High calorie diet was dietary standard and an additional 8gram/kgBW and 14gram/kgBW of glucose solution via oral galvage, which were given continuousl (7 times/week) and by interval of once, twice, and 3 times a week. Ad libitum 0.05gram/cc of glucose solution was given for all groups based on their continous or interval treatment. The subjects’ survival rate were observed for 8 weeks. The survival rate of all the interval groups showed no significant difference with the control group. The group with continuous feeding of 14gram/kgBW showed significant difference with the control group (p=0.008) and the survival rate was 16.7%. The group with continuous feeding of 8gr/kgBW showed no significant difference with the control group (p=0.468), but it was prone to have worse survival rate (36.4%). This study revealed that survival rate of animal subjects with the interval addition of high calorie diet can be used as the animal model. As for continuous feeding, further investigation is needed to establish the appropriate dose for better survival rate

Contributing factors of neonatal death from mother with preeclampsia in Indonesia

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The infant mortality rate in Indonesia has decreased but is still quite high. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that contribute to the death of infants from mothers with preeclampsia. Method: This research is a design retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in women of delivery) and infant mortality data were collected which were then analyzed descriptively and chi-square test. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between maternal age with preeclampsia (p = 0.005), age of maternal pregnancy with preeclampsia (p = 0.000) and mode of delivery of mothers with preeclampsia (p = 0.000) with the incidence of death in infants, and none a significant relationship between maternal parity status with preeclampsia (p = 0.043) with the incidence of death in infants. Conclusion: factors that contribute to infant mortality from mothers with preeclampsia are age, gestational age, and mode of delivery. © 2018, Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development. All rights reserved

Increased apoptosis, but not pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 expression in pancreatic islets is associated with intermittent glucose loads in mice

Background: Several caloric restriction studies revealed good for diabetes prevention. However, prevalence of it seems rising yearly. It needs alternative technique thus people can choose suitable way for them. Aim: To determine the effect of glucose diet intermittently on pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), apoptosis in pancreatic islets, and pancreatic islets area. Materials and methods: Balb/c mice were divided into five groups. Control group was given standard diet. The Continuous group was given standard diet and added with 7.4% calories continuously. The 1x, 2x, and 3x intermittent groups were given standard diet and added 7.4% calories for 1x, 2x, and 3x/week respectively. The 7.4% calorie addition was a glucose solution by oral galvage and ad libitum for 8 weeks. Results: There was a significantly difference on apoptosis density (p=0.043), but not in PDX-1. The islets Int2x and Int3x groups showed a significant decrease than control group (p=0.048). Insulin serum levels increased significantly in Continuous group compared to control group (p=0.04). In addition, the insulin serum level of 1x and 3x intermittent groups were significantly lower than Continuous group (p&lt;0.05). Pre-post blood glucose levels on treatment groups decreased significantly compared to control group (p=0.012). Conclusions: Continuous and 1-3x/week intermittent addition of 7.4% calories of glucose for 8 weeks indicate a compensation mechanism for maintaining homeostasis, such as increase insulin serum level and seem to initiate the changes of morphologic-biomolecular (mainly apoptosis density in islets). The better mode is 1x/week of additional calories. However it needs further exploration to find out other influenced factors for these mechanism discovery