Analytical Quality Control in the Production of Nuclear Grade Zirconium and its Alloys

The chief application of zirconium metal and zircaloys is in nuclear reactor engineering as cladding material for the fuel elements and as structural material in the construction of reactor cores. The selection is based on considerations of low neutron absorption cross section, fabricability, corrosion resistance and mechanical stre-ngth at elevated temperatures. These properties are however sensitive to impurity levels and alloying compo-sitions.For example, for neutroneconomy the hafnium and boron contents should be within 200 ppm and 0.5 ppm respectively; for corrosion resistance the aluminium, carbon and nitrogen tolerances are respectively only 75 ppm, 500 ppm and 50 ppm; and for ease of fabrication the maximum permissible oxygen content is 1500 ppm. In the large scale production of zirconium sponge and zircaloy ingots, it becomes therefore essential to have a strict control of impurity levels in the successive stages of the batchwise production, in order to ensure consistency of quality and performance in the finished product

Analytical Quality Control in the Production of Nuclear Grade Zirconium and its Alloys

The chief application of zirconium metal &zircaloys is in nuclear reactor engineering as cladding material for the fuel elements and as structural material in the construction of reactor cores. The selection is based on considerations of low neutron absorption cross section, fabricability, corrosion resistance and mechanical stre-ngth at elevated temperatures. These properties are however sensititive to impurity levels and alloying compositions. For example, for neutron economy the hafn-ium and boron contents should be within 200 ppm and 0.5 ppm respectively; for corrosion resistance the aluminium, carbon and nitrogen tolerances are respectively only 75ppm, and 500ppm and 50ppm; and for ease of fabrication the maximim permissible oxygen content is 1500 ppm. In the large scale production of zirconium sponge and zircaloy ingots, it becomes therefore essential to have a strict control of impurity levels in the successive stages of the batchwise production, in order to ensure consistency of quality and performance in the finished product

Analytical quality Control in the Production of Nuclear grade Zirconium and its Alloys

THE chief application of zirconium metal and zircaloys is in nuclear reactor engineering as cladding material for the fuel elements and as structural material in the construction of reactor cores . The selection is based on considerations ' of low neutron absorption cross section, fabricability, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength at elevated temperatures. These properties are, however , sensitive to impurity levels and alloying compositions . For example , for neutron economy the hafnium and boron contents should be within 200 ppm and 0'5 ppm respectively : for corrosion resi-stance the aluminium , carbon and nitrogen tolerances are respectively only 75 ppm , 500 ppm and 50 ppm ; and for ease of fabrication the maximum permissible oxygen content is 1500 ppm. In the large scale production of zirconium sponge and zircaloy ingots, it becomes there-fore essential to have a strict control of impurity levels in the successive stages of the batchwise production , in order to ensure consistency of quality and performance in the finished product

Digitalna katastarska izmjera za identifikaciju prisvajanja zemljišta primjenom prostornih tehnologija

Digital Cadastral Surveying is the need of present and future generations. The invention of Computer has revamped the face of the world dynamically. Every day in our life is digitalised and with out computers the world could not perform efficiently. The Computers, Satellite images, Aerial digital images could be efficaciously used in the creation of new experimental methodologies for Cadastral Surveying. Land records are obtained by Cadastral Surveying, which in turn provides the cornerstone for Land Use Planning. Land Use planning is influenced by many factors directly and indirectly. Land encroachment is found to be one of the direct factors affecting Land Use Planning. The Land Encroachments are identified by digitisation and overlaying analysis using standard GIS software, GPS Equipments for obtaining Ground Control Points, with Satellite images and Aerial images combined with conventional land records available with the Government Authority. Disquisition of Land encroachment is undertaken in this paper, to find the encroachment and its types. The problems involved in the encroachments, their detrimental effects on country’s growth are considered while formation of methodology to the serve the purpose of its creation. Pros and Cons of the technology is known from the work and explained. This is a Research application requiring hybridization of technologies to obtain high quality spatial surveying products.Digitalna katastarska izmjera potreba je sadašnjih i budućih generacija. Pojava računala promijenila je u dinamičkom smislu cijeli svijet. Bez digitalnih uređaja i bez računala svijet ne može učinkovito funkcionirati. Računala, satelitske i zračne digitalne snimke mogu se učinkovito upotrebljavati u kreiranju novih eksperimentalnih metoda katastarske izmjere. Podaci u zemljišnim knjigama dobiveni su katastarskom izmjerom, što nam osigurava temeljne podatke za planiranje i upotrebu zemljišta. Planiranje upotrebe zemljišta pod utjecajem je brojnih čimbenika, izravno i neizravno. Prisvajanje zemljišta moguće je identificirati digitalizacijom i razlikovnom analizom pomoću standardnih GIS softvera, uz upotrebu GPS uređaja, satelitskih i aerofotogrametrijskih snimki u kombinaciji s uobičajenim podacima iz zemljišnih knjiga. Rasprava u ovom radu provodi se u svrhu otkrivanja vrsta i tipova prisvajanja zemljišta. Razmatraju se problemi koji nastaju zbog prisvajanja te njihovi štetni utjecaji na državu koja ima tendenciju rasta i širenja, kao i definiranje metodologije koja služi njezinom stvaranju. Prednosti i nedostaci takve tehnologije objašnjeni su u radu. Primjena istraživanja zahtijeva hibridnu tehnologiju za dobivanje visoko kvalitetnih rezultata

Monkeypox Detection Through Watershed Segmentation and Appending 2D CNN Based Auto Encoder: Monkeypox Detection Through CNN-Auto Encoder

Monkeypox, a viral zoonosis, may spread from animals to people. Fever, rashes, and swollen lymph nodes might create medical complications. Its symptoms resemble smallpox. To prevent monkey pox sickness, you must be prepared and treat it immediately. Public health systems should be aware of effective monkeypox mitigation methods because to its global health impacts. Watershed segmentation using CNN-based auto encoder detected monkeypox. Monkeypox may be distinguished from other skin infections. Watershed segmentation, elevation map utilisingsobel, and region-based feature extraction function well on impacted skin photos. Segmenting Monekypox images is tough due to similarities and variations across classes and the difficulties of focusing on skin lesions. Unsupervised learning models like the convolutional autoencoder duplicate the input image in the output layer. Encoders, ConvNets that produce low-dimensional images, process images passed via them

Oceanographic features and abundance of the pelagic fisheries along the west coast of India

The results of a study on the hydrographic properties such as temperature, salinity and Sigma-T (density) content of the surface waters along the west coast of India collected during the cruises of R. V. Varum and other vessels are presented e,s an average distrbution of the factors month-wise for each degree square. This has been used to investigate the relationship of the hydrographic conditions with the pelagic fishery landings such as thpsp of the oil sardine and the Indian mackerel month-wise. The importance of the coastal phenomena like upwelling and sinking in relation to the fishery landings is pointed out

Unusual ocean-atmosphere conditions in the tropical Indian Ocean during 1994

The southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) was characterized by unusually cold sea surface temperature (SST) and strong northwestward alongshore surface winds during 1994. Using multi-source data sets including ocean model simulation, two key processes are identified for the SETIO cooling. Entrainment cooling produced most of the negative SST anomaly near the coast whereas evaporative cooling dominated the process away from the coast. Convection was anomalously suppressed over SETIO and the divergence of moist air from the region helped the local evaporative process. This also led to anomalous moisture transports that explain the enhanced convection over the central equatorial Indian Ocean, India and East Asia. The positive feedback between the enhanced and suppressed convection regions in turn helped maintain the surface wind anomalies. These evidences clearly indicate the existence of an ocean-atmosphere coupled phenomenon in the Indian Ocean during 1994

Vacuum Bubble in an Inhomogeneous Cosmology

We study the propagation of bubbles of new vacuum in a radially inhomogeneous Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi background that includes a cosmological constant. This exemplifies the classical evolution of a tunneling bubble through a metastable state with curvature inhomogeneities, and will be relevant in the context of the Landscape. We demand that the matter profile in the LTB background satisfy the weak energy condition. For sample profiles that satisfy this restriction, we find that the evolution of the bubble (in terms of the physically relevant coordinates intrinsic to the shell) is largely unaffected by the prsence of local inhomogeneities. Our setup should also be a useful toy model for capturing the effects of ambient inhomogeneities on an inflating region.Comment: 31 pages, 21(!) figures, v2: minor changes, figures re-sized (might require zoom on some systems), references adde

P09-15. Selection of higher avidity HLA-restricted T cell responses as a viral adaptation strategy

Loss of immune reactivity due to HIV mutational escape is well described. Data generated from a large population-based study (n>800) suggested that certain CD8 T cell epitopes are created as a result of HIV adaptation and are associated with enhanced viral replication. Here we sought to investigate the HLA-restricted T-cell responses associated with seven such adaptations

On the performance characterization and evaluation of RNA structure prediction algorithms for high performance systems

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH