575 research outputs found
A study of effect of delayed and early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal haemoglobin status
Background: Delayed cord clamping has been supported by physician because it allows for physiological transfer of blood from placenta to the infant and thus permits placenta to newborn transfusion and results in an increased neonatal blood volume at birth. At present there is no standard definition of delayed cord clamping. Clamping time varies significantly between studies and a wide range of parameters were used for clamping of cord.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in a public hospital among 200 uncomplicated full-term pregnancies where 100 each were present in early cord clamping (ECC) and delayed cord clamping (DCC) groups respectively and neonatal haematological parameters studied according to different cord clamping times.Results: There was a significant increase of mean haemoglobin level from 14.8 to 16.0 g/dl from 15 secs to 60 secs and gradual increase of mean haemoglobin level from 16.2 to 16.8 g/dl from 60 secs to 180 secs. There was a highly significant difference between ECC and DCC groups regarding mean haemoglobin level and MCH values. MCV and MCH values were also significantly different in both the groups.Conclusions: We concluded in this study that delayed cord clamping, resulted in improved haemoglobin and other haematocrit levels specially when cord was clamped after first 60 secs. Delayed clamping also reduced the prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age. In terms of maternal outcomes, delayed umbilical cord clamping did not increase the risk of postpartum haemorrhage or the need for blood transfusion
Including many-body effects into the Wannier-interpolated quadratic photoresponse tensor
We present a first-principles scheme for incorporating many-body interactions
into the unified description of the quadratic optical response to light of
noncentrosymmetric crystals. The proposed method is based on time-dependent
current-density response theory and includes the electron-hole attraction
\textit{via} a tensorial long-range exchange-correlation kernel, which we
calculate self-consistently using the bootstrap method. By bridging with the
Wannier-interpolation of the independent-particle transition matrix elements,
the resulting numerical scheme is very general and allows resolving narrow
many-body spectral features at low computational cost. We showcase its
potential by inspecting the second-harmonic generation in the benchmark
zinc-blende semiconductor GaAs, the layered graphitic semiconductor BCN
and the Weyl semimetal TaAs. Our results show that excitonic effects can give
rise to large and sharply localized one- and two-photon resonances that are
absent in the independent-particle approximation. We find overall good
agreement with available experimental measurements, capturing the magnitude and
peak-structure of the spectrum as well as the angular dependence at fixed
photon energy. The implementation of the method in Wannier-based code packages
can serve as a basis for performing accurate theoretical predictions of
quadratic optical properties in a vast pool of materials.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure
A complete description of the magnetic ground state in spinel vanadates
Capturing the non-collinear magnetic ground state of the spinel vanadates
AVO (A= Mn, Fe and Co) remains an outstanding challenge for
state-of-the-art ab-initio methods. We demonstrate that both the non-collinear
spin texture, as well as the magnitude of local moments, are captured by a
single value of the on-site Hubbard of 2.7~eV in conjunction with the local
spin density approximation (LSDA+), provided the source term (i.e., magnetic
monopole term) is removed from the exchange-correlation magnetic field . We further demonstrate that the magnetic monopole structure in is highly sensitive to the value of , to the extent that the
interplay between on-site localization and local moment magnitude is
qualitatively different depending on whether the source term is removed or not.
This suggests that in treating strongly correlated magnetic materials within
the LSDA+ formalism, subtraction of the unphysical magnetic monopole term
from the exchange-correlation magnetic field is essential to correctly treat
the magnetic ground state.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Synthesis and characterization of new thiazole involving isatin for studying their antimicrobial activity
485-4871-(Substituted-1-ylmethyl)indoline-2,3-dione 1a-c have been synthesized from different types of secondary amine with isatin and formaldehyde in alcohol. The compound 1 have then been converted to the respective compound 2a-g (Z)3-(4-subsitutedphenylimino)-1-(substituted-1-ylmethyl)indolin-2-one by treatment with different types of primary amines. Interaction of compound 2 with thioglycolic acid and chloro acetyl chloride results in cyclization to give compound spiro isatin derivatives compounds 3a-g. The anti-microbial activity screening of novel spiro isatin substituted compounds have also been carried out
Understanding the large shift photocurrent of WS nanotubes: A comparative analysis with monolayers
We study the similarities and differences in the shift photocurrent
contribution to the bulk photovoltaic effect between transition-metal
dichalcogenide monolayers and nanotubes. Our analysis is based on density
functional theory in combination with the Wannier interpolation technique for
the calculation of the shift photoconductivity tensor. Our results show that
for nanotube radii of practical interest ~\AA, the shift
photoconductivity of a single-wall nanotube is well described by that of the
monolayer. Additionally, we quantify the shift photocurrent generated under
realistic experimental conditions like device geometry and absorption
capabilities. We show that a typical nanotube can generate a photocurrent of
around 10 nA, while the monolayer only attains a maximum of 1 nA. This
enhancement is mainly due to the larger conducting cross section of a nanotube
in comparison to a monolayer. Finally, we discuss our results in the context of
recent experimental measurements on WS monolayer and nanotubes[Zhang et
al., Nature 570, 349 (2019)].Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
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