Modern Aspects of Technological Processes Modeling to Meet the Challenges of Increasing Energy and Resource Efficiency of Food Production

AbstractImproving energy and resource efficiency of food production technological processes, particularly the processing of raw agricultural materials, based on the use of modern physical methods, is presently one of the directions of food and processing industry development in Russia. Successful implementation of knowledge-based approaches and innovative solutions in this field is a guarantee of sustainable development of food and processing industry. Simulation is a key tool in solving this problem. The construction of adequate mathematical models of technological processes based on fundamental principles for developing a set of qualitative and functional characteristics of plant origin raw materials allows you to create differentiated technologies of processing and storage to ensure consistent quality, storage capacity and minimize losses of the target product. Using mathematical models we defined the next task as to organize the production of food grain-based target quality when using grain raw materials with predictable consumer characteristics at a certain level. We have investigated the processing of barley grain brewing by electrophysical effects and optimum parameters of this impact: the heating rate of 0.4°C/s and the exposure processing 90C; the heating rate from 0.4 to 0.8°C/s and the exposure processing from 30 to 60C; heating rate of 0.6 to 0.8°C/s and the exposure processing from 30 to 45 s; heating rate of 0.6 to 0.8°C/s and the exposure processing from 60 to 90 s. The values of these parameters allowed us to obtain stable disinfecting effect of saving, and for some indicators – improving malting grain quality of barley. Overall, it can be noted that electrical effects can reduce energy consumption, along with efficient contributes to the destruction of the grain pathogenic microflora of various etiologies, to ensure the safety of the protein complex, the quantity and quality of starch in barley, as well as improve the whole complex of physical and chemical parameters that determine malting quality of barley, and, most importantly, allows obtaining environmentally safe products

Opportunities of Trade in Services between the EU and Ukraine: the Case of Telecommunications Services under the GATS and the Association Agreement

This working paper studies the legal and regulatory conditions for trade in services between the European Union (EU) and Ukraine on the example of tele-communications services that are important carrier services for various business activities in the cross-border trade. The paper outlines the general frame-work for trade in services under the GATS as expressed in the commitments undertaken by Ukraine and examines the detailed provisions of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement on trade liberalisation and regulatory approximation that is a WTO-extra agreement. It also provides an overview of the relevant Ukrainian legal and regulatory rules in order to assess the starting point for regulatory approximation. The paper intends to highlight internal contradictions of the Association Agreement representing a balancing act be-tween the liberalisation obligations under the WTO agreements and requirements of integration in the EU internal market. The paper argues that in short to middle term the Association Agreement does not offer much of value-added in comparison to the current GATS commitments in terms of services liberalisation. The juiciest "carrot" of the Association Agreement - the internal market treatment - is difficult to reach due to unclear and complicated rules on regulatory approximation

Prebiotic properties of licorice root extracts

The study objective is to investigate effect of licorice root extract on growth of probiotic microorganisms. As fructan percentage in licorice roots is 27.8–28.8%, this value is sufficient to enable the raw material suitability as a prebiotic ingredient. The licorice root extract (0.1%, 1% and 10% of medium volume) was added to media. The same media without added extract were considered as controls. Effect of the licorice root extract on growth of probiotic microorganisms was studied in 2 commercial probiotic drug Bifiform (Denmark) and Bifidobacterin forte (Russia). Licorice root extract provides probiotic bacteria an opportunity to tolerate acidity/alkalinity gradient of model media well and to decrease their count slower. In vitro studies showed, what 1% extract provides more favorable conditions for microorganisms that 10% one

Improvement of innovative forms as a tool for effective development of small business

The article deals with the improvement of innovative forms as a tool for effective development of small business and as integral part of innovation in any enterprise, which strives to become market leader. Thus, the article aims at improving innovative forms of small business development based on the presented methodology. In the framework of set goal, it is necessary to consider the concept of small business innovation activity based on scientific approaches. This requires solving the following tasks: Presenting conceptual studies and publications in the innovation field; Considering the dynamics of small business innovation in the national economy as well as innovative activity of small business entities; Studying the dynamics of the global innovation index as well as the strengths and weaknesses of innovations in small business in Russia for 2016; By giving the recommendations for practical application and further improvement of innovative forms as a tool for effective development of small business, by involving the use of innovative state institutions.peer-reviewe

Symbolism of Auto-Descriptions of Modern Human: Anthropology as a Narrative Ontology

The purpose of the article is to investigate the content of the principal intentions of interpreting the symbol in the context of the anthropology of culture and philosophical anthropology and their correlation with the functioning of the semantic field of culture. The scientific originality of the article is presented by the study of the correlation between the consideration of the aspect of nature and the specificity of the symbol in autoscripting human practices within the philosophical projects representing these cognitive positions. The article substantiates the position on the ontologizing of the symbol in modern cultural and philosophical anthropology and the significance of convergence of the notion of the symbol with the concepts of the object and the thing. The cognitive potential of the conception of narrative ontology and its connection with the problematics of philosophical anthropology is emphasized. The importance of ontological turn in cultural anthropology for the philosophical anthropology is mentioned. The potential of the ontological turn in philosophical anthropology for the contemporary philosophy of education and comprehension of the newest ideological models interpreted as open and nonlinear systems is stressed. The correlation between the declared interpretation of the symbol and the project of object-oriented ontology and the modern philosophy of science is specifically considered. The conclusions of the article determine the specific character of being of the symbol in the communicative sphere of the modern man, social space, for the construction of identity and self-positioning of the modern individual

Gypsumcementpozzolana Composites with Application Volcanic Ash

AbstractIt is established, that the development of new effective gypsumconcrete composites on the basis of technogenic raw material and local materials is urgent task. For eliminating the deficiencies in the gypsum materials and articles is proposed the application of pumice as the filler and the active mineral additive. The influence of the additives of portland cement on the properties of hemihydrate gypsum is at shown on table. Further are given the results of studies of the properties of composite in the dependence on the relationship of the components of gypsum, ashes and portland cement, and also grain composition of pumice. It is revealed, that the application of pumice together with the portland cement in the gypsumconcrete composites makes it possible to reduce the expenditure of gypsum to 50% without considerable reduction in the strength characteristics. In this case the developed gypsum concrete composites have the increased water resistance. It is established that the influence of the granulometric composition of ashes on the strength properties of composite is ambiguous, in the compositions with the high content of ashes the use of larger fractions is expedient, and with the content it is less than 50% ashes in the composite - small fractions.Consideration of gypsumcementpozzolana composites using gypsum, Portland cement and volcanic ash. The results of studies of the composition and physico-mechanical properties of the composites gypsumcementpozzolana, the influence of the grain size of volcanic ash on their properties

The application of micro-wave treatment to reduce barley contamination

ArticleThe goal of this work is to study the applicability of ultra high frequency electromagnetic field treatment for decontaminating barley grain used in brewing while preserving its technological properties. The germination rates and/or yield of the treated sample seed were compared with those of the untreated seed germinated under normal conditions. To determine optimal treatment conditions, a two-factor analysis was carried out, taking the mycological state of the grain into account. The heating rate and the duration of electromagnetic exposure were chosen as variables; these values varied from 0.4 to 0.8 °C s-1 and from 30 to 90 s, respectively. It was found that germination of the treated barley seed was increased about 10.1–15.7% compared with that of the untreated seed. The microbial load decreased up to 80%. A heating rate of 0.4 °C s-1 and treatment exposure time of 30 s showed the strongest effect of decontamination while preserving the viability of the barley grain

Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the dissolution of milk solids during the reconstitution of skim milk powder

ArticleThe producing reconstituted milk products that retain the same sensory properties as those of raw milk products is of high interest to the food industry In the technology of producing reconstituted milk processing products, the most significant factor that determines the component transition degree and the usefulness of the product being produced is the recombination process. It determines the possibility of bringing the organoleptic characteristics of reconstituted milk to the properties of the genuine one. One promising method to improve the process of milk powder recombination is ultrasonic exposure. The aim of the present study is to improve the process of milk powder recombination using ultrasonic exposure. The results of the conducted studies show that the ultrasonic treatment eliminates the agglomerates of dried milk particles in water and provides more accessible interaction between the particles and water, and as a result, improves the recombination process. The application of ultrasonic treatment during the reconstitution of the skim milk powder improved the dissolution of milk solids, as evidenced by around a 75% reduction in the amount of centrifuged insoluble sediment. The mass fractions of protein and lactose have increased by 4.8 and 6.5%, respectively

An algorithm of the wildfire classification by its acoustic emission spectrum using Wireless Sensor Networks

Crown fires are extremely dangerous as the speed of their distribution is dozen times higher compared to surface fires. Therefore, it is important to classify the fire type as early as possible. A method for forest fires classification exploits their computed acoustic emission spectrum compared with a set of samples of the typical fire acoustic emission spectrum stored in the database. This method implies acquisition acoustic data using Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) and their analysis in a central processing and a control center. The paper deals with an algorithm which can be directly implemented on a sensor network node that will allow reducing considerably the network traffic and increasing its efficiency. It is hereby suggested to use the sum of the squares ratio, with regard to amplitudes of low and high frequencies of the wildfire acoustic emission spectrum, as the indicator of a forest fire type. It is shown that the value of the crown fires indicator is several times higher than that of the surface ones. This allows classifying the fire types (crown, surface) in a short time interval and transmitting a fire type indicator code alongside with an alarm signal through the network