Skutki usuwaniu lodu za pomocą soli w obszarach chronionych: monitorowanie jakości wody w dorzeczu wraz z analizą występowania rzadkiego perłowego omułka

The effects of deicing salt on water ecosystems have been studied in the Šumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area. A pilot study was conducted in the Upper Vltava River basin, a habitat of the strictly protected pearl mussel. Dataloggers were used to investigate conductivity, often recommended as an important indicator of water quality. In this pilot project two pairs of dataloggers were installed in two streams crossed by the roads with different road maintenance regime. The first site was established in location, where deicing salt has not been allowed at all, but preliminary results of soil and vegetation monitoring indicated some impacts of deicing salts in this location. The records from dataloggers confirmed this, but conductivity was not so high at the second site. The second site was established on a priority road, permanently maintained by deicing salt. In this site, we often recorded conductivity higher than 75 μS/cm, water quality limit for suitable habitats of the strictly protected pearl mussel. High conductivity may negatively affect viability of the population. From a methodological point of view, there are two main outputs of this pilot project. (1) We found that dataloggers can be frozen and out of records in shallow water during longer frost period. (2) We also confirmed hypotheses that not all ions are transported rapidly through the soil and groundwater. Conductivity was lower during winter and increased with snow melting. During vegetation season dataloggers recorded decrease of conductivity after heavy rains or longer rain period. Conductivity increased again in dry period. We conclude that the dataloggers improve our knowledge of impact of deicing salt in water ecosystems and offer relevant arguments for EIA in the area of high conservation value. Of course more statistical analyses are necessary; more detail information about annual differences in weather conditions and amount of deicing salt applied in different locations (not only a total amount of salt for a whole road) could help to interpret our data.Wpływ wykorzystania soli do usuwania lodu z dróg na ekosystemy wodne badano w Parku Narodowym Szumawa i Parku Krajobrazowym. Badania pilotażowe przeprowadzono w dorzeczu Górnej Wełtawy, siedlisku ściśle chronionego omułka perłowego. Zastosowano rejestratory danych (Dataloggers) do badania przewodnictwa, często zalecanego jako ważny sposób oceny jakości wody. W zrealizowanym projekcie pilotażowym zainstalowano dwie pary rejestratorów danych w dwóch strumieniach przecinanych przez drogi o różnym poziomie utrzymania zimowego. Pierwsza lokalizacja została wybrana w miejscu, gdzie sól do odladzania nie została w ogóle stosowana, aczkolwiek wstępne wyniki badania gleby i monitorowanie wegetacji roślin wskazało na występowanie oddziaływania soli w tym miejscu. Zapisy z rejestratorów danych potwierdziły to zjawisko. Przewodnictwo nie było tak wysokie jak w drugiej lokalizacji. Druga lokalizacja została wybrana na drodze pierwszej kolejności odśnieżania o ciągłym stosowaniu soli do odladzania. W tym miejscu często rejestrowano konduktywność wyższą niż 75 μS / cm, (limit jakości wody dla siedlisk ściśle chronionego omułka perłowego). Wysoka przewodność może negatywnie wpływa na żywotność populacji. Z metodologicznego punktu widzenia uzyskano dwa główne wyniki projektu pilotażowego. (1) Stwierdzono, że rejestratory (dataloggery) mogą zamarznąć w płytkiej wodzie podczas dłuższego okresu mrozu. (2) Potwierdzono hipotezę, że nie wszystkie jony są transportowane szybko przez glebę i wody gruntowe. Przewodnictwo było niższe w okresie zimowym i zwiększało się wraz z topnieniem śniegu. Podczas sezonu wegetacyjnego rejestratory rejestrowały spadek przewodnictwa po ulewnych deszczach lub dłuższym okresie deszczowym. Przewodność ponownie wzrosła w okresie suchym. Przedstawiono wniosek, że rejestratory danych zwiększają wiedzę na temat wpływu soli do odladzania na ekosystemy wodne i oferują istotne argumenty za wykonywaniem ocen oddziaływania na środowisko w obszarze chronionych. Oczywiście konieczne są dalsze analizy statystyczne; więcej szczegółowych informacji o rocznych różnicach warunków pogodowych i ilości soli do odladzania stosowanej w różnych lokalizacjach (nie tylko całkowitej ilości soli dla całej drogi) może pomóc w interpretacji danych

Clinical characteristics and outcome of pediatric and adolescent patients with follicular lymphoma - The EICNHL and i-BFM study groups experience

This journal suppl. is Special Issue: 4rth International Symposium on Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma ... 2012BACKGROUND: Follicular lymphoma (FL) rarely occurs in children and adolescents accounting for 2% of all B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Moreover, comprehensive data on clinical, histopathologic and outcome characteristics are scarce. OBJECTIVES/METHODS: The aim of this multinational retrospective study including 13 EICNHL and/or i-BFM study group members was to assess these parameters in a series of 63 patients with FL. RESULTS: The male to female ratio was 3:1 and median age was 13 years. Thirty-six suffered from stage I, 19 from stage II, six from stage III and two from stage IV disease. Median serum LDH level was 252 U/l. Ten percent demonstrated grade I/II and 66% grade III histopathology (not available in 24%). Seventy-nine percent had peripheral lymph node involvement. Of 36 stage I patients 30 had a complete resection. Of all 63 patients 44 received any chemotherapy and one rituximab only while 17 underwent a watch and wait strategy. Only one patient relapsed; 4-year pEFS was 94 ± 5%, overall survival 100% after a median follow-up of 2.2 years. CONCLUSIONS: FL in children and adolescents seems to be associated with male gender, >10 years of age, limited stage of disease, low LDH levels and peripheral lymph node involvement. Treatment outcome is excellent.link_to_OA_fulltex

Investigation of prognostic markers in endemic Burkitt lymphoma

Peer-reviewed Oral PresentationThis free journal suppl. entitled: Special Issue: Fifth International Symposium on Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Abstracts, 22 October 2015, Varese, ItalyBACKGROUND: Non-anaplastic peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are rare in the pediatric population and little is known about outcome and treatment options. OBJECTIVES: The present study is a joint, international, retrospective review of reported cases of PTCL in patients below 18 years, with focus on treatment options and outcome. Design/Methods: Only cases reviewed by national or international reference pathologists have been included. RESULTS: Until now, 122 patients diagnosed between 1995 and 2015 have been included in the study. The frequency of PTCL in the population-based reports (western Europe) was around 1%, which is lower than reported in older publications where Alk+ ALCL were included in this group. Patients were treated according to different treatment regimens, classified as B-cell type, T-cell type or other. pOS at 5 years for the group was at 54% and pEFS at 45%. 28 patients were reported to have a pre-existing disease and this group of patients had worse outcome with pOS at 5 years of 29%. PTCL NOS was the largest subtype, with 53 patients, followed by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (n = 21), hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (n = 16) and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (n = 12). Patients with subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma had a good outcome with a p OS at 5 years of 83% while patients with hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma were reported with only pOS of only 16%. There was no clear difference in outcome between patients treated with a B-cell type or a T-cell type of treatment but in general outcome after CHOP/CHOEP appeared to be inferior. CONCLUSION: PTCL is a heterogeneous group of diseases where PTCL NOS is the largest subgroup. Pre -existing medical condition was reported in 25% of the cases and was associated with a poor treatment result. There is a clear need for disease-based treatment recommendation for this group of patients.link_to_OA_fulltex