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Examining Biased Assimilation of Brand-related Online Reviews
This paper examines the impact of pre-existing brand attitudes on consumer processing of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). This topic is particularly important for brands that simultaneously possess strongly pronounced proponents as well as opponents. Two experimental studies using univalent (study 1, N = 538) and mixed (study 2, N = 262) sets of online reviews find indications for biased assimilation effects of eWOM processing. Consumers perceive positive (negative) arguments in online reviews as more (less) persuasive when having a positive (negative) attitude towards the brand. Perceived persuasiveness in turn influences behavioral intentions and acts as a mediator on the relationship between attitude and behavioral intentions. We examine two moderators of this effect. When priming individuals to focus on other consumers (vs. a self-focus prime), the biased assimilation effect is weaker (study 3a, N = 131). In contrast, we show that biased assimilation becomes stronger under conditions of high (vs. low) cognitive impairment (study 3b, N = 124). Our findings contribute to the literature on the relationship between eWOM and brands and advance our understanding of potential outcomes of brand polarization
Quantum Holography
We propose to make use of quantum entanglement for extracting holographic
information about a remote 3-D object in a confined space which light enters,
but from which it cannot escape. Light scattered from the object is detected in
this confined space entirely without the benefit of spatial resolution. Quantum
holography offers this possibility by virtue of the fourth-order quantum
coherence inherent in entangled beams.Comment: 7 pages, submitted to Optics Expres
ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ
Growing vehicle variant diversity, legal requirements to reduce fleetΒ CO2 emissions and innovations in the area of drive train technologies, coupled with the increasing pressure to cut costs, pose new challenges for parties in the automotive sector. An implementation of optimized development and production processes supports the effective handling of these challenges. One important aspect includes engineering efficiency improvement by optimizing the entire automotive bodywork development process and the involved data management. Research activities focus on the data exchange processes between design, simulation and production engineering within various CAxΒ environments. This concerns constantly changing boundary conditions and requirements in the area of automotive body development, including but not limited to the introduction of new materials and material combinations and new types of joining technologies. From the viewpoint of an automotive engineering supplier, additional challenges caused by different customer-related development environments have to be considered. To overcome these challenges, various data exchange strategies between OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturer), automotive suppliers and the use of different data management tools need to be investigated. In this context, the paper presents an approach of an optimized data exchange process of CAD-based data between different CAD (Computer-Aided Design) and CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) environments that supports the entire body development, including data provision for manufacturing engineering. In addition, an optimization of data exchange processes saves development costs and improves the product quality.Π Π°ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Β CO2 ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Π‘ΠΡ
. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΠΠ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ (ΠΠΠ β ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π‘ΠD (ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅) ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ CAD ΠΈ CAM (ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ), ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ
Actively Contracting Bundles of Polar Filaments
We introduce a phenomenological model to study the properties of bundles of
polar filaments which interact via active elements. The stability of the
homogeneous state, the attractors of the dynamics in the unstable regime and
the tensile stress generated in the bundle are discussed. We find that the
interaction of parallel filaments can induce unstable behavior and is
responsible for active contraction and tension in the bundle. Interaction
between antiparallel filaments leads to filament sorting. Our model could apply
to simple contractile structures in cells such as stress fibers.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, RevTex, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
A projection proximal-point algorithm for l^1-minimization
The problem of the minimization of least squares functionals with
penalties is considered in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space setting. While
there are several algorithms available in the finite dimensional setting there
are only a few of them which come with a proper convergence analysis in the
infinite dimensional setting. In this work we provide an algorithm from a class
which have not been considered for minimization before, namely a
proximal-point method in combination with a projection step. We show that this
idea gives a simple and easy to implement algorithm. We present experiments
which indicate that the algorithm may perform better than other algorithms if
we employ them without any special tricks. Hence, we may conclude that the
projection proximal-point idea is a promising idea in the context of
-minimization
Postoperative Breath-Holding Spells Requiring Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Breath-holding spells are common in childhood and can be associated with bradycardia and pulselessness. This report details severe breath-holding spells complicating postoperative management after atrial septal defect closure. The patient required cardiopulmonary resuscitation despite the use of a temporary pacemaker to prevent bradycardia. After multiple episodes of chest compressions, the decision was made to not intervene immediately to pulselessness and the patient was able to recover without further intervention
Smallβscale nutrient patchiness: Some consequences and a new encounter mechanism
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109816/1/lno19842940785.pd
Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°Π·Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°
Signal transducers and activators of transcriptions (STAT) are key mediators of cytokine signaling. Moreover, these transcription factors play a crucial role in oncogenic signaling where inappropriate and sustained activation of STATs, especially STAT3, is a trait of many different cancers and their derived cell lines. Constitutively active STAT3 has been reported to prevent programmed cell death and enhance cell proliferation, whereas the disruption of STAT3 signaling can inhibit tumor growth. The physiologic activation of STAT3 by cytokines has been well established; however, little is known about altered, stimulation-independent STAT3 activation. Here, we show that, in most but not all melanoma cell lines, STAT3 phosphorylation increased substantially with cell density and that this STAT3 was able to bind to DNA and to activate transcription. Inhibitor studies showed that the cell density-dependent STAT3 activation relies on Janus kinases (JAK) rather than Src kinases. Using a specific JAK inhibitor, sustained STAT3 activation was completely abrogated in all tested melanoma lines, whereas inhibition of Src or mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1/2 had no effect on constitutively tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3 levels. Although STAT3 activation was completely blocked with JAK inhibitor I and to a lesser extent with the common JAK inhibitor AG490, only the latter compound markedly decreased proliferation and induced apoptosis. Taken together, variations in cell density can profoundly modify the extent of JAK-mediated persistent STAT3 phosphorylation; however, STAT3 activation was not sufficient to provide critical growth and survival signals in melanoma cell lines
Walks of molecular motors in two and three dimensions
Molecular motors interacting with cytoskeletal filaments undergo peculiar
random walks consisting of alternating sequences of directed movements along
the filaments and diffusive motion in the surrounding solution. An ensemble of
motors is studied which interacts with a single filament in two and three
dimensions. The time evolution of the probability distribution for the bound
and unbound motors is determined analytically. The diffusion of the motors is
strongly enhanced parallel to the filament. The analytical expressions are in
excellent agreement with the results of Monte Carlo simulations.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Europhys. Let
Noninvasive Assessment of Exercise-Related Intramyocellular Acetylcarnitine in Euglycemia and Hyperglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Using 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A randomized single-blind crossover study
Intramyocellular acetylcarnitine (IMAC) is involved in exercise-related fuel metabolism. It is not known whether levels of systemic glucose influence IMAC levels in type 1 diabetes
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