Forholdet mellom Sikkerhetsrådet og Den internasjonale straffedomstolen.

Denne Oppgaven tar for seg problemstillinger som oppstår i forholdet mellom FNs sikkerhetsråd og den internasjonale straffedomstolen. Jeg har valgt å se på de juridiske spørsmålene rundt den rollen Sikkerhetsrådet er gitt i The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, vedtatt 17. juli 1998. Vurderingstemaet i oppgaven er å se på (i) hvilke samarbeidsmekanismer som foreligger, og (ii) hvordan man søker å løse konflikter som måtte oppstå i Sikkerhetsrådets forhold til ICC

Minimum effective volume of ropivacaine 7.5mg/ml for an ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block

Background - Ultrasound guidance has been shown to reduce the minimum effective volume (MEV) of local anaesthetics for several peripheral nerve blocks. Although the lateral sagittal infraclavicular block (LSIB) is a well‐established anaesthesia method, MEV for this technique has not been established. Our aim with this study was to determine the MEV using ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml for the LSIB method. Methods - Twenty‐five adult American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I‐II patients scheduled for hand surgery received an ultrasound‐guided LSIB with ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml. A successful block was defined as anaesthesia or analgesia for all five sensory nerves distal to the elbow, 30 min after local anaesthetic injection. The MEV for a successful block in 50% of the patients was determined by using the staircase up‐and‐down method introduced by Dixon and Massey. Logistic regression and probit transformation were applied to estimate the MEV for a successful block in 95% of the patients. Results - The patients received ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml volumes in the range of 12.5–30 ml. The MEVs in 50% and 95% of the patients were 19 ml [95% confidence interval (CI), 14–27] and 31 ml (95% CI, 18–45), respectively. Conclusions - For surgery distal to the elbow, the MEV in 95% of patients for an ultrasound‐guided LSIB with ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml was estimated to be 31 ml (95% CI, 18–45 ml). Further studies should determine the factors that influence the volume of local anaesthetic required for a successful infraclavicular block