11 research outputs found
CORRECTIVE OSTEOTOMIES IN CHILDHOOD ARE A RISK FACTOR FOR COMPLICATIONS DURING THA IN HIP DYSPLASIA
THA is named the operation of the 20th century. Those excellent results were not achieved in hip dysplasia patients because of the anatomic anomalies
and previous operations in childhood
Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in children and adolescents
UzroÄnici, epidemiologija, dijagnostika pa i lijeÄenje septiÄkog artritisa i osteomijelitisa u djece su se posljednjih godina promijenili. NajÄeÅ”Äi uzroÄnik ostaju bakterije i to i dalje Staphyloccocus aureus dok je Haemophilus influenzae nakon uvoÄenja obaveznog cjepiva gotovo nestao. Standardno lijeÄenje je i dalje empirijska antibiotska terapija u kombinaciji s kirurÅ”kim zahvatima. Nove sheme antibiotskog lijeÄenja predviÄaju samo nekoliko dana parenteralne primjene nakon Äega slijedi peroralno lijeÄenje. KirurÅ”ki zahvati iako u opadanju i dalje imaju važno mjestu u lijeÄenju i to ponajviÅ”e dekompresijske procedure. Danas je smrtnost samo oko 1%, meÄutim Äak i uz adekvatno lijeÄenje, mogu zavrÅ”iti destrukcijom zgloba i ploÄe rasta, skraÄenjem i angularnim deformacijama ekstremiteta i znaÄajnim invaliditetom.Causative pathogens, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric septic arthritis and osteomyelitis have changed remarkably over the past decade. Bacteria remain the most common pathogens, especially Staphylococcus aureus, while Haemophilus influenzae virtually perished after the introduction of obligatory vaccination. Empiric antibiotic therapy in combination with surgery remains the standard treatment. The trend of short-term course of parenteral antibiotic therapy followed by oral administration is observed in recent literature. Surgeries are still conducted, mostly decompression procedures. The mortality is around 1%, but even if adequate treatment is conducted, infectious diseases of locomotor system may lead to the destruction of the joint and growth plate, shortage and angular deformity of the extremity and substantial disability
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
Osteoartritis je kroniÄna degenerativna bolest zglobova
koja je vodeÄi uzrok lokomotorne onesposobljenosti
u svijetu. Temeljno lijeÄenje OA je fizikalna terapija uz
prilagodbu aktivnosti i gubitak na težini. Zbog neuspjeha
konzervativnog lijeÄenja poduzimaju se ortopedski
zahvati. Ciljevi operacijskog lijeÄenja su smanjiti bolove
i poboljŔati bolesnikove funkcije. Operacijski zahvati
ugrubo se mogu podijeliti na palijativne, kauzalne, artroplastike
i artrodeze. Palijativni zahvati imaju za svrhu usporiti
progresiju bolesti i pružiti privremeno smanjenje
bolova. Kauzalnim se zahvatima ispravljaju deformacije
koje su uzrokovale ili potpomažu napredovanje bolesti.
Artroplastike podrazumijevaju kirurŔko odstranjenje zglobnih povrŔina i njihovu zamjenu endoprotezama te
su danas zlatni standard u lijeÄenju osteoartritisa. Potpuna
artroplastika je najpredvidljiviji zahvat u vezi sa smanjenjem
bolova. U nedostatku komplikacija minimalni
vijek trajanja je 10 ā 15 godina, a za odreÄene zglobove i
mnogo viÅ”e. Artrodeza ili ukoÄenje zgloba je zahvat kojim
se doduÅ”e smanjuje bol, ali i onemoguÄuje pokret u
zglobu. Rano kirurÅ”ko lijeÄenje se potiÄe zbog golemih
funkcijskih dobitaka za bolesnika, smanjenja bolova kao
i uŔteda u zdravstvu.Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease, with a waxing and
waning course. It is the leading cause of musculoskeletal
disability worldwide. Nonpharmacologic interventions
such as physical therapy and weight loss should be the
cornerstones of osteoarthritis therapy. Referral to an orthopedic
surgeon is mandatory if the osteoarthritis fails to
respond to pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapy.
Goals of operative treatment include pain relief, functional
improvement, and the capacity to maintain functional
status. Joint preservation procedures include halting the
progression of the disease and restoration of the cartilage
to some degree, as well as the restoration of alignment and
joint stability. The ideal patient for cartilage restoration is
a younger patient who has a focal cartilage defect with a
well-aligned stable limb or one that can be aligned by an
osteotomy procedure. The principle of realignment osteotomy,
another joint-preserving procedure, is to transfer
weight-bearing forces from the arthritic, damaged portion of the joint to a healthier location in the same joint. Jointsacrificing
procedures are arthroplasties and arthrodeses.
With the success of arthroplasty, the role of arthrodesis in
the primary treatment of arthritis has become practically
obsolete. Arthroplasty, the gold standard against which all
procedures are compared, consists of the surgical removal
of joint surfaces and the insertion of an endoprosthesis. It
has traditionally been described as the most predictable
procedure for pain relief in any form of arthritis. At a minimum,
10-15 years of viability are expected from joint replacement
in the absence of complications. Arthrodesis or
joint fusion consists of the union of bones on either side of
the joint. This procedure relieves pain but prevents motion
and puts more stress on the surrounding joints. In general,
early surgical treatment is encouraged because of the
tremendous functional gains, pain relief, and cost savings
TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Reumatoidni artritis (RA) kroniÄna je, progresivna autoimunosna bolest. Usprkos lijeÄenju tijekom vremena razvija se oÅ”teÄenje zglobova. U otprilike 25% bolesnika s RA tijekom života potrebna je ugradnja totalne endoproteze (TEP). Potreba za operacijskim lijeÄenjem u obliku ugradnje TEP-a nastupa kad medikamentna terapija viÅ”e ne može
kontrolirati osnovnu bolest. Cilj kirurÅ”kog lijeÄenja jesu kontrola boli i restauracija funkcije oÅ”teÄenog zgloba. Osim standardne prijeoperacijske obrade, valja obratiti pozornost i na stanje cervikalne kralježnice, eventualne kardiovaskularne popratne bolesti te na medikamentnu terapiju kojom se kontrolira osnovna bolest. Pri ugradnji TEP-a kuka vrlo dobri rezultati postižu se i primjenom cementnih i bescementnih endoproteza, dok se za koljeno primjenjuju gotovo samo cementne endoproteze. Pri ugradnji totalnih endoproteza komplikacije se joÅ” i nadalje javljaju neÅ”to ÄeÅ”Äe nego kod primarnih osteoartritisa. PeriprotetiÄka infekcija teÅ”ka je komplikacija koja se javlja u 1 ā 3% sluÄajeva. Ugradnja totalnih endoproteza sigurna je i pouzdana metoda kontrole boli i funkcionalnog oporavka kod bolesnika s RA.Reumatoidni artritis; Totalna endoproteza kuka; Totalna endoproteza koljena; Osteoartritis kuka; Poslijeoperacijske komplikacije; Antireumatici; Kortikosteroidi; Luksacija kuka; PeriprotetiÄke infekcije; Perioperacijska
skrb; Funkcijski oporava
TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Reumatoidni artritis (RA) kroniÄna je, progresivna autoimunosna bolest. Usprkos lijeÄenju tijekom vremena razvija se oÅ”teÄenje zglobova. U otprilike 25% bolesnika s RA tijekom života potrebna je ugradnja totalne endoproteze (TEP). Potreba za operacijskim lijeÄenjem u obliku ugradnje TEP-a nastupa kad medikamentna terapija viÅ”e ne može
kontrolirati osnovnu bolest. Cilj kirurÅ”kog lijeÄenja jesu kontrola boli i restauracija funkcije oÅ”teÄenog zgloba. Osim standardne prijeoperacijske obrade, valja obratiti pozornost i na stanje cervikalne kralježnice, eventualne kardiovaskularne popratne bolesti te na medikamentnu terapiju kojom se kontrolira osnovna bolest. Pri ugradnji TEP-a kuka vrlo dobri rezultati postižu se i primjenom cementnih i bescementnih endoproteza, dok se za koljeno primjenjuju gotovo samo cementne endoproteze. Pri ugradnji totalnih endoproteza komplikacije se joÅ” i nadalje javljaju neÅ”to ÄeÅ”Äe nego kod primarnih osteoartritisa. PeriprotetiÄka infekcija teÅ”ka je komplikacija koja se javlja u 1 ā 3% sluÄajeva. Ugradnja totalnih endoproteza sigurna je i pouzdana metoda kontrole boli i funkcionalnog oporavka kod bolesnika s RA.Reumatoidni artritis; Totalna endoproteza kuka; Totalna endoproteza koljena; Osteoartritis kuka; Poslijeoperacijske komplikacije; Antireumatici; Kortikosteroidi; Luksacija kuka; PeriprotetiÄke infekcije; Perioperacijska
skrb; Funkcijski oporava
POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF SEXUAL ACTIVITY FOLLOWING TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
Ugradnja totalne endoproteze kuka bolesnicima s osteoartritisom kuka znatno smanjuje bol i poveÄava kvalitetu života. Bitan parametar kvalitete života o kojem lijeÄnici rijetko razgovaraju s bolesnicima jest seksualna aktivnost, a interes bolesnikĆ¢ za tu temu postoji. DapaÄe, bolesnici koji su prije operacije imali otežane seksualne aktivnosti uzrokovane bolnoÅ”Äu i ograniÄenjem kretnja u zahvaÄenom kuku nakon operacije ponovo imaju bezbolne i pokretljive kukove. Operater nakon ugradnje totalne endoproteze kuka najÄeÅ”Äe preporuÄuje ograniÄen opseg pokreta u kuku kako bi se prevenirala luksacija endoproteze. To stvara ograniÄenja u aktivnostima svakodnevnog života, sportskim aktivnostima te naravno u seksualnoj aktivnosti. Cilj je ovog rada dati smjernice o osobitostima seksualnih odnosa kod bolesnica i bolesnika s ugraÄenom totalnom endoprotezom kuka. Rehabilitacija ovih bolesnika trebala bi sadržavati i edukaciju o moguÄnostima i ograniÄenjima tijekom seksualne aktivnosti.Total hip replacement in patients with osteoarthritis significantly reduces pain and enhances the quality of life (QoL). Sexual activity is an important component of QoL about which doctors rarely discuss with patients even though it is a matter of concern to many patients. In fact, patients who have previously had impaired sexual function due to preoperative hip pain and/or stiffness find that after surgery their hips are pain free and have better motion. After total hip arthroplasty range of hip motions is usually limited by surgeonās reccomendation in order to prevent dislocation of prosthesis. This creates limitations in activities of daily living, sport activities and also sexual activities. The aim of this paper is to give guidelines for safe sexual intercourse to patients following total hip replacement. During rehabilitation, patients should be educated on what positions are and are not recommended in the context of sexual activit
Korisna tehnika uzimanja homolognog koŔtanog presatka
Although regarded as a gold standard, harvesting of autologous bone graft is associated with donor site morbidity and a number of complications. An alternative is allograft with limited availability as the main shortcoming. Femoral heads as allografts are now routinely obtained during total hip arthroplasty. A small but valuable amount of pure cancellous bone graft of high quality can be obtained in addition. An additional harvest site is the proximal metaphyseal region of femur. We present a simple, useful and inexpensive technique for one harvest that can be performed utilizing ordinary instruments.KoriÅ”tenje autolognog koÅ”tanog presatka se smatra zlatnim standardom, ali pribavljanje istog je povezano s brojnim komplikacijama, ponajviÅ”e pobolom na mjestu uzimanja. Zamjenska metoda je koriÅ”tenje homolognog koÅ”tanog presatka s glavnim nedostatkom ograniÄene dostupnosti. Danas je uzimanje glave bedrene kosti kao homolognog transplantata dio rutinskog postupka tijekom ugradnje totalne endoproteze kuka. Tijekom ovog postupka moguÄe je dodatno uzeti i relativno mali ali vrijedan presadak Äiste spongiozne kosti visoke kvalitete. Dodatno mjesto s kojeg se uzima homologni koÅ”tani presadak je proksimalna metafiza bedrene kosti. U ovom Älanku predstavljamo jednostavnu i korisnu tehniku uzimanja koÅ”tanog presatka iz proksimalne metafize bedrene kosti uz koriÅ”tenje uobiÄajenog instrumentarija
Artropatija ohronotika
Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a disorder of phenylala- nine and tyrosine metabolism, resulting in accumulation and deposition of homogentisic acid (HGA) in the body. This deposition further causes progressive functional disorders in different organ systems, with the locomotor system being the most affected one. A specific triad of symptoms occurs in patients suffering from AKU: 1. at birth, a change of urine color is present when urine is exposed to air, 2. oc- currence of dark pigmentations in connective tissues becomes visible over time, 3. complications of the locomotor, urogenital and cardiovascular systems present gradually.
Arthropathia ochronotica occurs in patients suffering from AKU due to precipitation and deposition of HGA in the joint tissue (cartilage, tendons, ligaments, menisci, etc.). The accumulation can be seen as small foci of blue-black pigmentations. HGA deposits in collagen fibers, causing tendons and liga- ments thickening. This causes them to be less resistant to mechanical forces, resulting in frequent rup- tures caused by minimal trauma. Also, the deposition facilitates cartilage degeneration, often requiring an operative treatment. The knees are the most commonly affected joints, while changes can be seen in the spine and other large joints.
As there is no specific treatment, alleviation of symptoms is the only treatment option. It has the goal of increasing individual functionality and quality of life. As an option for end-stage treatment, joint replacement surgery proved to be effective. In the future, an enzyme replacement therapy or gene therapy may be developed to treat AKU successfully.Alkaptonurija (AKU) je rijetka autosomno recesivna metaboliÄka bolest uzrokovana poremeÄajem metabolizma fenilalanina i tirozina, Å”to rezultira nakupljanjem i taloženjem homogentizinske kiseline (HGA) u tijelu. Ovo taloženje uzrokuje progresivne funkcionalne poremeÄaje u razliÄitim organskim sustavima, pri Äemu je najÄeÅ”Äe zahvaÄen lokomotorni sustav. SpecifiÄna trijada simptoma javlja se u bolesnika koji pate od AKU: 1. pri roÄenju je vidljiva promjena boje urina kada je urin izložen zraku, 2. pojava tamnih pigmentacija u vezivnom tkivu s vremenom postaje vidljiva, 3. postepeno se razvijaju komplikacije koje zahvaÄaju lokomotorni, urogenitalni i kardiovaskularni sustav.
Artropatija ohronotica javlja se u bolesnika koji pate od AKU zbog taloženja HGA u zglobnom tkivu (hrskavica, tetive, ligamenti, meniskusi itd.). Akumulacija se može vidjeti kao mala žariÅ”ta plavo-crnih pigmentacija. HGA se taloži u kolagenskim vlaknima, uzrokujuÄi zadebljanje tetiva i ligamenata.
Zbog toga su ona manje otporna na mehaniÄke sile, Å”to rezultira Äestim puknuÄima uzrokovanim minimalnom traumom. TakoÄer, taloženje ubrzava degeneraciju hrskavice, Å”to dovodi do ÄeÅ”Äe potrebe za operativnim lijeÄenjem. Koljena su najÄeÅ”Äe zahvaÄena, dok se promjene takoÄer mogu vidjeti na kralježnici i drugim velikim zglobovima.
Kako ne postoji specifiÄno lijeÄenje, ublažavanje simptoma jedina je opcija lijeÄenja. Cilj mu je poveÄati individualnu funkcionalnost i kvalitetu života. Kao opcija za zavrÅ”nu fazu lijeÄenja, ugradnja umjetnih zglobova pokazala se sigurnom i uÄinkovitom. U buduÄnosti se oÄekuje razvoj enzimske ili genske terapije za uspjeÅ”no ciljano lijeÄenje AKU
A simple new technique for the removal of fractured femoral stems: a case report
INTRODUCTION:
The removal of broken femoral stems has become a major issue in revision surgery, and is a technically difficult and time-consuming procedure. ----- CASE PRESENTATION:
We present a case of a fracture of a cementless long femoral stem in a 65-year-old, white Caucasian man. The distal part was removed with a special longitudinal osteotomy through the anterior cortex extending distally for 10 cm. It was then followed by a transversal osteotomy 2 cm below the tip of the femoral stump to allow enough space for two locking pliers. Simultaneously using a lamina spreader on the distal part, the broken stem was extracted while hammering on two locking pliers. ----- CONCLUSIONS:
We developed a simple and easy technique for the removal of a broken femoral stem that can be applied to all kinds of femoral stems and intramedullary nails regardless of their cross section. We used ordinary surgical instruments and spared the remaining bone stock
Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in children and adolescents
UzroÄnici, epidemiologija, dijagnostika pa i lijeÄenje septiÄkog artritisa i osteomijelitisa u djece su se posljednjih godina promijenili. NajÄeÅ”Äi uzroÄnik ostaju bakterije i to i dalje Staphyloccocus aureus dok je Haemophilus influenzae nakon uvoÄenja obaveznog cjepiva gotovo nestao. Standardno lijeÄenje je i dalje empirijska antibiotska terapija u kombinaciji s kirurÅ”kim zahvatima. Nove sheme antibiotskog lijeÄenja predviÄaju samo nekoliko dana parenteralne primjene nakon Äega slijedi peroralno lijeÄenje. KirurÅ”ki zahvati iako u opadanju i dalje imaju važno mjestu u lijeÄenju i to ponajviÅ”e dekompresijske procedure. Danas je smrtnost samo oko 1%, meÄutim Äak i uz adekvatno lijeÄenje, mogu zavrÅ”iti destrukcijom zgloba i ploÄe rasta, skraÄenjem i angularnim deformacijama ekstremiteta i znaÄajnim invaliditetom.Causative pathogens, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric septic arthritis and osteomyelitis have changed remarkably over the past decade. Bacteria remain the most common pathogens, especially Staphylococcus aureus, while Haemophilus influenzae virtually perished after the introduction of obligatory vaccination. Empiric antibiotic therapy in combination with surgery remains the standard treatment. The trend of short-term course of parenteral antibiotic therapy followed by oral administration is observed in recent literature. Surgeries are still conducted, mostly decompression procedures. The mortality is around 1%, but even if adequate treatment is conducted, infectious diseases of locomotor system may lead to the destruction of the joint and growth plate, shortage and angular deformity of the extremity and substantial disability