316 research outputs found
Unusual electronic ground state of a prototype cuprate: band splitting of single CuO_2-plane Bi_2 Sr_(2-x) La_x CuO_(6+delta)
By in-situ change of polarization a small splitting of the Zhang-Rice singlet
state band near the Fermi level has been resolved for optimum doped (x=0.4)
BiSrLaCuO at the (pi,0)-point (R.Manzke et al.
PRB 63, R100504 (2001). Here we treat the momentum dependence and lineshape of
the split band by photoemission in the EDC-mode with very high angular and
energy resolution. The splitting into two destinct emissions could also be
observed over a large portion of the major symmetry line M, giving the
dispersion for the individual contributions. Since bi-layer effects can not be
present in this single-layer material the results have to be discussed in the
context of one-particle removal spectral functions derived from current
theoretical models. The most prominent are microscopic phase separation
including striped phase formation, coexisting antiferromagnetic and
incommensurate charge-density-wave critical fluctuations coupled to electrons
(hot spots) or even spin charge separation within the Luttinger liquid picture,
all leading to non-Fermi liquid like behavior in the normal state and having
severe consequences on the way the superconducting state forms. Especially the
possibilty of observing spinon and holon excitations is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Structural behavior of PbBiSrLaCuO for 0<y<0.53
In the Bi cuprates, the presence of a near 15 superstructure is well
known. Usually, this superstructure is suppressed by the substitution of lead,
but there have been reports of a phase separation in so called {\alpha} and
{\beta} phases. This paper shows in high detail time how and why the phase
separation develops and what happens to the quasi-15 superstructure
upon lead substitution. For this purpose, the lanthanum- and lead-substituted
single-layered superconductor BiSrCuO has been
investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron
diffraction. The La content was kept constant at slightly under-doped
concentration while the Pb content was changed systematically. Thermodynamic
considerations show that a phase mixture of {\alpha} and {\beta} phases is
inevitable.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
The Non-Trapping Degree of Scattering
We consider classical potential scattering. If no orbit is trapped at energy
E, the Hamiltonian dynamics defines an integer-valued topological degree. This
can be calculated explicitly and be used for symbolic dynamics of
multi-obstacle scattering.
If the potential is bounded, then in the non-trapping case the boundary of
Hill's Region is empty or homeomorphic to a sphere.
We consider classical potential scattering. If at energy E no orbit is
trapped, the Hamiltonian dynamics defines an integer-valued topological degree
deg(E) < 2. This is calculated explicitly for all potentials, and exactly the
integers < 2 are shown to occur for suitable potentials.
The non-trapping condition is restrictive in the sense that for a bounded
potential it is shown to imply that the boundary of Hill's Region in
configuration space is either empty or homeomorphic to a sphere.
However, in many situations one can decompose a potential into a sum of
non-trapping potentials with non-trivial degree and embed symbolic dynamics of
multi-obstacle scattering. This comprises a large number of earlier results,
obtained by different authors on multi-obstacle scattering.Comment: 25 pages, 1 figure Revised and enlarged version, containing more
detailed proofs and remark
Cdc42 localized in the CatSper signaling complex regulates cAMP‐dependent pathways in mouse sperm
Sperm acquire the ability to fertilize in a process called capacitation and undergo hyperactivation, a change in the motility pattern, which depends on Ca2+ transport by CatSper channels. CatSper is essential for fertilization and it is subjected to a complex regulation that is not fully understood. Here, we report that similar to CatSper, Cdc42 distribution in the principal piece is confined to four linear domains and this localization is disrupted in CatSper1-null sperm. Cdc42 inhibition impaired CatSper activity and other Ca2+-dependent downstream events resulting in a severe compromise of the sperm fertilizing potential. We also demonstrate that Cdc42 is essential for CatSper function by modulating cAMP production by soluble adenylate cyclase (sAC), providing a new regulatory mechanism for the stimulation of CatSper by the cAMP-dependent pathway. These results reveal a broad mechanistic insight into the regulation of Ca2+ in mammalian sperm, a matter of critical importance in male infertility as well as in contraception.Fil: Luque, Guillermina Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Xu, Xinran. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados UnidosFil: Romarowski, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados UnidosFil: Gervasi, María G.. University of Massachussets; Estados UnidosFil: Orta, Gerardo. Universidad Autonoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; MéxicoFil: De la Vega Beltrán, José L.. Universidad Autonoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; MéxicoFil: Stival, Cintia Estefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Gilio, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: D'alotto Moreno, Tomas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Krapf, Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Visconti, Pablo E.. University of Massachussets; Estados UnidosFil: Krapf, Diego. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados UnidosFil: Darszon, Alberto. Universidad Autonoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; MéxicoFil: Buffone, Mariano Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentin
Spectral content of a single non-Brownian trajectory
Time-dependent processes are often analysed using the power spectral density
(PSD), calculated by taking an appropriate Fourier transform of individual
trajectories and finding the associated ensemble-average. Frequently, the
available experimental data sets are too small for such ensemble averages, and
hence it is of a great conceptual and practical importance to understand to
which extent relevant information can be gained from , the PSD of a
single trajectory. Here we focus on the behavior of this random,
realization-dependent variable, parametrized by frequency and
observation-time , for a broad family of anomalous diffusions---fractional
Brownian motion (fBm) with Hurst-index ---and derive exactly its probability
density function. We show that is proportional---up to a random
numerical factor whose universal distribution we determine---to the
ensemble-averaged PSD. For subdiffusion () we find that with random-amplitude . In sharp contrast, for superdiffusion
with random amplitude . Remarkably, for
the PSD exhibits the same frequency-dependence as Brownian motion, a
deceptive property that may lead to false conclusions when interpreting
experimental data. Notably, for the PSD is ageing and is dependent on
. Our predictions for both sub- and superdiffusion are confirmed by
experiments in live cells and in agarose hydrogels, and by extensive
simulations.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, Supplemental Material can be found at
https://journals.aps.org/prx/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.011019/prx_SM_final.pd
Dynamic nuclear polarization at the edge of a two-dimensional electron gas
We have used gated GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures to explore nonlinear
transport between spin-resolved Landau level (LL) edge states over a submicron
region of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). The current I flowing from one
edge state to the other as a function of the voltage V between them shows
diode-like behavior---a rapid increase in I above a well-defined threshold V_t
under forward bias, and a slower increase in I under reverse bias. In these
measurements, a pronounced influence of a current-induced nuclear spin
polarization on the spin splitting is observed, and supported by a series of
NMR experiments. We conclude that the hyperfine interaction plays an important
role in determining the electronic properties at the edge of a 2DEG.Comment: 8 pages RevTeX, 7 figures (GIF); submitted to Phys. Rev.
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