Dislocation plasticity in thin metal films

This article describes the current level of understanding of dislocation plasticity in thin films and small structures in which the film or structure dimension plays an important role. Experimental observations of the deformation behavior of thin films, including mechanical testing as well as electron microscopy studies, will be discussed in light of theoretical models and dislocation simulations. In particular, the potential of applying strain-gradient plasticity theory to thin-film deformation is discussed. Although the results of all studies presented follow a “smaller is stronger” trend, a clear functional dependence has not yet been established

Changing traditions and village development in Kalotaszentkiraly

This essay examines the overall health of a village community in the folk cultural region known as Kalotaszeg, the area immediately to the west of Cluj Napoca in central Transylvania. Such a broad topic may appear at first glance to fit oddly into a discussion of oral tradition. The argument for its relevance rests on five premises.UseSingleProcesIssue title: Festschrift for John Miles Foley. This article belongs to a special issue of Oral Tradition published in honor of John Miles Foley's 65th birthday and 2011 retirement. The surprise Festschrift, guest-edited by Lori and Scott Garner entirely without his knowledge, celebrates John's tremendous impact on studies in oral tradition through a series of essays contributed by his students from the University of Missouri-Columbia (1979-present) and from NEH Summer Seminars that he has directed (1987-1996)

Commas and Colons and Semicolons - Oh My! 10 Rules to Remember

In this column for Kentucky Bar Association\u27s magazine (B&B - Bench & Bar), Professor Kraft provides ten helpful grammar rules for commas. colons, and semicolons

Contrastive Analysis and Contrastive Rhetoric in the Legal Writing Classroom

In the past several decades, the number of English-as-a-second-language (ESL) speakers attending law schools as part of J.D. and LL.M. programs has increased dramatically. While some of these students are fluent in English, many are not yet able to read, write, and speak English, or understand spoken English, at the advanced level required for successful graduate work in law. The language problems are sometimes grammatical, sometimes cultural, and often both. For those students who are required to complete a writing course as part of their graduate program, deficiencies in writing ability can be a difficult obstacle to overcome. For the legal writing professionals teaching those courses, the challenges of teaching ESL students to write are often very different from the challenges of teaching traditional J.D. students, who are overwhelmingly native English speakers. Many professors of ESL legal writing students do not have backgrounds in teaching English as a second or foreign language, so may be unfamiliar with the second language acquisition and writing research and pedagogy particular to that group of learners. Research on teaching legal writing to ESL students could be of tremendous benefit to these professors

Field studies in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) surveillance and control

The introduction of oral fluid-based sampling is a relatively new concept in diagnostic medicine which has been rapidly adopted by the swine industry. While the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and influenza A (IAV) in oral fluids has been well documented, research on the detection of most other pathogens requires additional research. Therefore, the objective of the study described in Chapter 3 was to describe PEDV detection patterns in growing pigs as shown by PEDV rRT-PCR testing of pen oral fluids. While feces have traditionally been the dominant sample for PEDV detection, the research in Chapter 3 describes oral fluids as a practical sample type for PEDV detection in growing pigs. Specifically, PEDV was detected in oral fluids until 69 days post exposure (DPE) which was longer than pen feces (55 DPE) and individual fecal swabs (41 DPE). PEDV Cq values in oral fluids were comparable to PEDV Cq values in pen feces; however, PEDV Cq values in oral fluids and pen feces were significantly higher than individual fecal swabs. Chapter 3 described PEDV antibody kinetics, as shown by ELISA detection of IgA and IgG in individual pig serum and pen oral fluid samples and provided estimates of the cutoffs and performance of the PEDV whole virus IgA and IgG ELISAs. PEDV antibody responses (IgG and IgA) were detected in both serum and oral fluid by 10 - 14 days post exposure. The oral fluid PEDV IgA responses were particularly noteworthy with the maximum oral fluid IgA response reported at 96 DPE. The investigators evaluated anamnestic antibody responses of gilts previously exposed to PEDV through vaccination using serum, colostrum, and milk samples in Chapter 4. Using 5 different vaccination protocols (unvaccinated controls and one and/or 2 doses of either Vaccine A or Vaccine B), the investigators found that two doses of vaccine did not booster immune responses any more than one dose of vaccine did. This was not unexpected since these gilts had been exposed to PEDV 8 months early. Nevertheless, the results in Chapter 4 demonstrate that vaccination can booster immune responses in previously exposed gilts

CREAC in the Real World

This article will examine the extent to which common legal writing paradigms such as CREAC are used by attorneys in the “real world” of practice when writing on the kinds of issues law students may encounter in the first-year legal writing classroom. To that end, it will focus on the analysis of two factor-based criminal law issues: whether a defendant was in custody and whether a defendant had a reasonable expectation of privacy. In focusing on “first-year” issues, the article seeks not to examine whether organizational paradigms are used at all in legal analysis, but to discover whether and how they are used when analyzing the same kinds of issues first-year law students analyze

When is Copying OK in Legal Writing?

In this column for Kentucky Bar Association\u27s magazine (B&B - Bench & Bar), Professor Diane B. Kraft discusses the best practices for copying in legal writing

The Perils of Hyperbole

In this column for Kentucky Bar Association\u27s magazine (B&B - Bench & Bar), Professor Diane B. Kraft makes suggestions about avoiding hyperbole in legal writing