A comparison of views of children and foster parents on the integration of a child into a family

The Czech Republic has been repeatedly criticised for the large number of children who are being placed into institutional substitute family care. A solution, for which inspiration can be found e.g. in Scandinavian countries, is to increase the number of foster families, which would provide upbringing in a substitute family for children from a risky environment. However, it has to be a systemic process of preparing foster parents for this uneasy social mission. Important feedback is without doubt studies which are carried out in foster families. Most surveys focus on the experiences of parents-fosterers with raising children in a substitute family. On the other hand, there is a nearly total lack of surveys which would reflect the opinions, experiences and possibly also the needs of the children themselves. This deficiency has been tackled by the authors of this text, which is dealing with the issues of integration of a child into a foster family, and where the experiences with integration of a child into a family were mapped by a qualitative research inquiry – both from the side of parents-fosterers and the children themselves. Knowledge resulting from a semi-structured interview supported by a family history, a drawing of the family and a pie chart of happiness and worries have been used for the final interpretation of the conclusions drawn from this research.Česká republika je dlouhodobě kritizována za velké množství dětí, které jsou zařazovány do institucionální náhradní rodinné péče. Řešením, pro které jsou inspirací např. skandinávské země, je zvýšení počtu pěstounských rodin, které by zajistily dětem z rizikového prostředí výchovu v náhradní rodině. Musí se ovšem jednat o systémový proces přípravy pěstounů pro toto nelehké společenské poslání a důležitou zpětnou vazbou jsou bezpochyby výzkumy, které jsou v pěstounských rodinách realizovány. Výzkumy se orientují v převážné většině na zkušenosti rodičů-pěstounů z výchovy dětí v náhradní rodině, nesetkáváme se však téměř s výzkumy, které by reflektovaly názory, zkušenosti, příp. i potřeby samotných dětí. Na tento deficit se pokusili reagovat autoři tohoto textu, který se zabývá problematikou integrace dítěte do pěstounské rodiny, kdy kvalitativním výzkumným šetřením byly mapovány zkušenosti z integrace dítěte do rodiny jak ze strany rodičů-pěstounů, tak dětí samotných. Pro závěrečnou interpretaci závěrů výzkumu byly využity poznatky z polostrukturovaného rozhovoru s oporou rodinné anamnézy, kresby rodiny a koláče radostí a starostí.The Czech Republic has been repeatedly criticised for the large number of children who are being placed into institutional substitute family care. A solution, for which inspiration can be found e.g. in Scandinavian countries, is to increase the number of foster families, which would provide upbringing in a substitute family for children from a risky environment. However, it has to be a systemic process of preparing foster parents for this uneasy social mission. Important feedback is without doubt studies which are carried out in foster families. Most surveys focus on the experiences of parents-fosterers with raising children in a substitute family. On the other hand, there is a nearly total lack of surveys which would reflect the opinions, experiences and possibly also the needs of the children themselves. This deficiency has been tackled by the authors of this text, which is dealing with the issues of integration of a child into a foster family, and where the experiences with integration of a child into a family were mapped by a qualitative research inquiry – both from the side of parents-fosterers and the children themselves. Knowledge resulting from a semi-structured interview supported by a family history, a drawing of the family and a pie chart of happiness and worries have been used for the final interpretation of the conclusions drawn from this research

Diagnosis of PTSD - A contribution to validization per interview and questionnaire methods

The aim of the diploma thesis is to contribute to the validation of diagnostic methods Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 and Life Events Checklist-5 intended for PTSD diagnostics. For this purpose, the practical part of this work focused on finding differences between the group of respondents from the general population (N = 303) and the clinical group of people exposed to trauma (N = 28). As part of the research of this work, a clinical group of persons who were assigned PTSD criteria according to DSM-5 and DSM-IV for posttraumatic stress disorder was created. The clinical group of persons was divided into the groups "diagnosed with PTSD" and "at risk of diagnosed with PTSD" according to the fulfilled DSM- 5 criteria. The results of statistical data analysis verify the validity of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 method, in which the clinical group of people diagnosed with PTSD achieves statistically higher results than the control group, as well as the group of people exposed to trauma at risk of PTSD. A statistically significant difference was also found between the control group of people diagnosed with PTSD and the group of people from the general population in methods measuring the rate of anxiety and depressive symptoms, confirming the convergent validity of the...Cílem diplomové práce je příspěvek k validizaci diagnostických metod Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 a Life Events Checklist-5 určených pro diagnostiku PTSD. Za tímto účelem byla praktická část této práce zaměřena na hledání rozdílů mezi skupinou respondentů z obecné populace (N = 303) a klinické skupiny osob vystavených traumatu (N = 28). V rámci výzkumu této práce byla vytvořena klinická skupina osob, jimž byla zadávána kritéria PTSD podle DSM-5 a DSM-IV pro posttraumatickou stresovou poruchu. Klinická skupina osob byla podle splněných kritérií DSM-5 rozdělena do skupin "s diagnózou PTSD" a "s rizikem diagnózy PTSD". Výsledky statistické analýzy dat ověřují validitu metody Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5, ve které dosahuje klinické skupina osob s diagnózou PTSD statisticky vyšších výsledků než kontrolní skupina, i skupina osob vystavených traumatu s rizikem diagnózy PTSD. Statisticky významný rozdíl byl nalezen i mezi kontrolní skupinou osob s diagnózou PTSD a skupinou osob z běžné populace v metodách měřících míru úzkostných a depresivních symptomů, potvrzující konvergentní validitu metody Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist- 5. Skupina osob vystavených traumatu "s rizikem diagnózy PTSD" se statisticky významně liší od kontrolní skupiny pouze v četnosti prožitých...Katedra psychologieFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Creation of Marketing Plan for Company Providing Services

V mé bakalářské práci zabývající se tématem "Tvorba marketingového plánu pro podnik se zaměřením na poskytování služeb" jsem se zaměřila na problematiku tvorby marketingového plánu a marketingového plánování v konkrétním podniku, jehož primární činností je poskytování služeb na realitním trhu. Bakalářská práce se skládá ze dvou částí. V teoretické části se zaměřuji především na teorii marketingu, jeho strukturu v oblasti řízení a plánování. V rámci teoretické části jsem se také zaměřila na hlubší strukturu marketingových nástrojů, a to konkrétně na marketingový a komunikační mix. Další část bakalářské práce je zaměřena na konkrétní podnik, který jsem pro potřeby této práce analyzovala pomocí situační analýzy, analýzy portfolia, současného marketingového plánu, tržních podílů podniku, pomocí SWOT analýzy a v neposlední řadě pomocí dotazníkového šetření a strukturovaných rozhovorů. Podpora vedení podniku mi byla vyjádřena prostřednictvím volného přístupu do interních dokumentů podniku, které jsem využívala převážně při analyzování současné situace podniku. Cílem této práce bylo vytvořit marketingový plán podniku, analyzovat současnou situaci podni-ku, navrhnout konkrétní podobu komunikačního mixu daného podniku vč. vyhodnocování úspěšnosti jednotlivých nástrojů mixu dále a konečně navrhnout řešení pro oblast evidence a zpracování poptávek. Na základě zjištěných výstupů této práce bylo podniku, ve kterém jsem prováděla výzkum, bylo podniku dodáno doporučení pro tvorbu konkrétní podoby marketingo-vého plánu obsahující návrh komunikačního mixu vč. vyhodnocování úspěšnosti jednotlivých nástrojů a dále byl podniku doporučen návrh pro evidenci a zpracování poptávek.In my bachelor thesis " Marketing plan creation for the company providing services" I have been dealing with the question of marketing plan creation as well as marketing planning in real company providing services on the estate market. My bacheloer thesis is devided in two parts. The first part is being focused on the marketing theory - the hole structure and theory of marketing planning. In this part of the thesis I have focused on deeper investigation of the structure of the marketing and its instruments. The most imporatant insturments were for me the marketing and communication strategy. The next part of the thesis was the part of practical application of the created marketing plan for the company. I analyzed the company problems through many types of marketing analysis for example: portfolio analysis, market analysis and so on. I also worked with questionnaires and talks with employees of the company. The main goal was to create a marketing plan for the estate company. I also had to meet targets in the form of the proposals of communication strategy and the recording of demands. Than I had to sugggest evaluation tools for both targets above. On the basis of my suggestions, I recommended to company the application of mine marketing plan or some of the things included in the plan

Interpreting Cytokinin Action as Anterograde Signaling and Beyond

Among the major phytohormones, the cytokinin exhibits unique features for its ability to positively affect the developmental status of plastids. Even early on in its research, cytokinins were known to promote plastid differentiation and to reduce the loss of chlorophyll in detached leaves. Since the discovery of the components of cytokinin perception and primary signaling, the genes involved in photosynthesis and plastid differentiation have been identified as those directly targeted by type-B response regulators. Furthermore, cytokinins are known to modulate versatile cellular processes such as promoting the division and differentiation of cells and, in concert with auxin, initiating the de novo formation of shoot apical meristem (SAM) in tissue cultures. Yet how cytokinins precisely participate in such diverse cellular phenomena, and how the associated cellular processes are coordinated as a whole, remains unclear. A plausible presumption that would account for the coordinated gene expression is the tight and reciprocal communication between the nucleus and plastid. The fact that cytokinins affect plastid developmental status via gene expression in both the nucleus and plastid is interpreted here to suggest that cytokinin functions as an initiator of anterograde (nucleus-to-plastid) signaling. Based on this viewpoint, we first summarize the physiological relevance of cytokinins to the coordination of plastid differentiation with de novo shoot organogenesis in tissue culture systems. Next, the role of endogenous cytokinins in influencing plastid differentiation within the SAM of intact plants is discussed. Finally, a presumed plastid-derived signal in response to cytokinins for coupled nuclear gene expression is proposed

Sesquiterpenes α-humulene and β-caryophyllene oxide enhance the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in colon cancer cells

The present study is designed to find out if sesquiterpenes, α-humulene (HUM), valencene (VAL), β-caryphyllene-oxide (CAO) and trans-nerolidol (NER), are able to improve the antiproliferative effect of classical cytostatic drugs, 5-fluorouracil (FU) and oxaliplatin (1,2-diaminocyclohexaneoxalato-platinum, OxPt), in colon cancer cell lines Caco-2 and SW-620. In addition, the possible mechanisms of sesquiterpene action are studied. The results show significant ability of HUM and especially of CAO to enhance the antiproliferative effects of FU and OxPt in cancer cell lines Caco-2 and SW-620. On the other hand, VAL and NER are ineffective. The action of CAO could be partly based on its ability to disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential and to activate initiator caspases, but other mechanisms are probably also involved. Based on these results, CAO seems to have the potential for combination therapy of colon cancers and deserves further study

Modulation of metabolic activity of phagocytes by antihistamines

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of H1-antihistamines of the 1st generation (antazoline, bromadryl, brompheniramine, dithiaden, cyclizine, chlorcyclizine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine) and the 2nd generation (acrivastine, ketotifen, and loratadine) on the respiratory burst of phagocytes. Reactive oxygen species generation in neutrophils isolated from rat blood was measured using luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Changes in nitrite formation and iNOS protein expression by RAW 264.7 macrophages were analysed using Griess reaction and Western blotting. The antioxidative properties of drugs in cell-free systems were detected spectrophotometrically, luminometrically, fluorimetrically, and amperometrically. The majority of the H1-antihistamines tested (bromadryl, brompheniramine, chlorcyclizine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, dithiaden, and ketotifen) exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the chemiluminescence activity of phagocytes. H1-antihistamines did not show significant scavenging properties against superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical, thus this could not contribute to the inhibition of chemiluminescence. H1-antihistamines had a different ability to modulate nitric oxide production by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Bromadryl, clemastine, and dithiaden were the most effective since they inhibited iNOS expression, which was followed by a significant reduction in nitrite levels. H1-antihistamines had no scavenging activity against nitric oxide. It can be concluded that the effects observed in the H1-antihistamines tested are not mediated exclusively via H1-receptor pathway or by direct antioxidative properties. Based on our results, antihistamines not interfering with the microbicidal mechanisms of leukocytes (antazoline, acrivastine and cyclizine) could be used preferentially in infections. Other antihistamines should be used, under pathological conditions accompanied by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species