Novel macrolactam compound produced by the heterologous expression of a large cryptic biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces rochei IFO12908

In the course of our studies on the heterologous expression of giant biosynthetic genes, we discovered a novel cryptic biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces rochei IFO12908. During our efforts to express biosynthetic genes using the host SUKA strain derived from Streptomyces avermitilis, a novel polyene macrolactam compound designated as JBIR-156 was produced. We report herein the cloning and heterologous expression of the JBIR-156 biosynthetic gene cluster, and the isolation, structure determination, and cytotoxic activity of this novel compound

Identification, cloning and heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene cluster for desertomycin

From our in-house microbial genome database of secondary metabolite producers, we identified a candidate biosynthetic gene cluster for desertomycin from Streptomyces nobilis JCM4274. We report herein the cloning of the 127-kb entire gene cluster for desertomycin biosynthesis using bacterial artificial chromosome vector. The entire biosynthetic gene cluster for desertomycin was introduced in the heterologous host, Streptomyces lividans TK23, with an average yield of more than 130 mg l(-1)

〈研究論文〉意思の推察と本人・保護者との対話を含む意思決定支援を基盤とした合理的配慮の提供 : 重度知的障害児への合理的配慮が本人主体であるために

重度知的障害児へ本人主体の合理的配慮を提供するためには，人権の保護・促進を図ることを念頭に置き，本人の意思を推察・補充しながらその表明を補助することで，意思の表明に対する支援を行う必要がある。本研究では，自立活動とICFの視点に基づいた実態把握資料を作成・活用した意思の推察及び意思決定支援を行い，それを基にした合理的配慮の提供を実現する支援の在り方やプロセスを提案することを目的とした。事例研究を通じて提供した合理的配慮の適切性が評価されたことにより，作成した実態把握資料が事例児の意思を推察する上での根拠となり，情報を整理するツールとして機能し得ることが明らかになった。そして，意思の推察及び意思決定支援の有用性も示された。以上のことから，意思の推察及び本人・保護者との対話を要とし，意思の表明を補助することを目的とした意思決定支援，及びそれを起点とした合理的配慮提供のプロセスを提案する。In order to provide reasonable accommodations to a person with severe mental retardation, we need to help his or her expression of wish. To help his or her expression, we need to infer his intention considering his human rights．The purpose of this study is to propose how to provide reasonable accommodations based on decision support, using assessment sheets from the viewpoint of Independent activities and ICF. In our case studies, we revealed the following: 1) The reasonable accommodations that we provided were appropriate. 2) The assessment sheets were effective for decision support. 3) The assessment sheets were effective information arranging tools. 4) The importance of decision support was suggested．From the above, we propose the effective process of the decision support and the reasonable accommodations through dialogs and the inference of intention

Sticking Effect of a Tackifier on the Fibrillation of Acrylic Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives

In this study, the effect of a tackifier on the viscoelastic and adhesion properties of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) was investigated. The intermediate products in the process of PSA synthesis, including an acrylate-based copolymer solution, a cross-linked copolymer, and the final product with a tackifier, were prepared and characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). A significant increase in storage and loss moduli at high angular velocities was observed for the final product with the tackifier. The adhesion forces of the copolymer solution and the cross-linked copolymer measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) were found to be almost independent of the release velocity, whereas that of the final product with the tackifier significantly increased at higher release velocities because of viscoelastic effects. Their fibrillations during the release process were also visualized using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera installed on the cantilever holder. Although the contact area of the copolymer solution and the cross-linked copolymer with the probe surface decreased until detachment, the final product with the tackifier remained constant, with necking just below the probe surface. The increased storage and loss moduli were considered to resist the shrinkage of the contact area because the contact outline was subject to high shearing deformation, which led to localized high strain rates. Overall, the crucial role of the tackifier in maintaining the contact area for sufficient elongation during fibrillation was established