PERSPECTIVES ON COMPETITIVE BIDDING: RETIREMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE FARMLAND

The USDA has used bidding to enroll land into the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and may use similar mechanisms to implement other policy instruments in which some or all agricultural land cropping rights are acquired to protect or increase environmental amenities. Experience with the CRP suggests that current enrollees are being compensated in excess of the lowest payment they would be willing to accept in exchange for loss of cropping rights. While it may be prohibitively expensive to estimate such reservation prices on all potential CRP parcels, it is likewise difficult to design a bidding mechanism that induces landowners to reveal these values. While the competitive bidding and contingent valuation literatures provide some guidance, the problem of designing a cost effective bidding mechanism for land retirement does not conform precisely to situations in which theoretical, experimental or case study results have been reported. Despite this, realistic incremental changes in the CRP's current bidding mechanism that induce competitive behavior among bidders appear to portend significant savings in government outlays.Land Economics/Use,

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN THE FOOD SECTOR AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, HEALTH, AND SAFETY: A SURVEY OF POLICY ISSUES

International Relations/Trade,

Alien Registration- Kozloff, William (Saco, York County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/3072/thumbnail.jp

Beach Quality and Recreational Values: A Pictorialized Stated Preference Analysis of Residents and Tourists

Much of Hawaii’s economy relies on its unique marine environments, which are threatened by degradation from stormwater runoff. Using a stated preference method of choice-based conjoint (CBC) analysis, based on stylized photographs, this study examines both residents’ and visitors’ marginal value for levels of attributes associated with Hawaiian beach recreation. Each attribute (sand quality, water quality, congestion and water safety conditions) was significant for both residents and tourists, with water quality being the single most important attribute. There is little distinction between resident and tourist marginal value, except for a greater value lost for below average water quality among tourists.Nonmarket Valuation, WTP, Beach, Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Incidência de extubação gástrica dos usuários em um programa de assistência domiciliar de um hospital universitário

This quantitative, prospective study, aimed to characterize the profile of users and caregivers and to measure the incidence of gastric extubation, identifying the type and the reasons for the extubation of these users in a Home Care Program of a university hospital. The population consisted of 37 subjects and the data were collected from April to August 2010. For the analysis, descriptive statistics, test of significance of 5% and calculation of indicators were adopted. It was found that 51.4% of the users were female, 67.5% in the age group >;60 years and 67.6% presented neurological diseases. Regarding the caregivers 89.2% were female and their mean age was 50.6 years. The incidence of extubation, considering 100 days of intubation, corresponded to 1.08, with 0.26 planned and 0.82 unplanned (p=0.009). These results allowed the rates to be calculated of the extubation of patients with gastric intubation for nutritional support in domicile care, providing support in establishing care and management goals for the continuous improvement of quality.Estudio cuantitativo, prospectivo cuyo objetivo de caracterizar el perfil de los usuarios y cuidadores y para medir la incidencia de extubación gástrica, la identificación del tipo y las causas de la extubación de estos usuarios en un Programa de Atención Domiciliaria en un hospital universitario. La muestra constó de 37 sujetos y los datos fueron colectados entre abril y agosto de 2010, según formularios. Para análisis, se adoptó estadística descriptiva, prueba de significancia 5% y cálculo de indicadores. Se observó que 51,4% de los usuarios eran mujeres, 67,5% edad >;60 años y 67,6% tenían enfermedades neurológicas. Los cuidadores 89,2% eran mujeres, edad media de 50,6 años. Incidencia de extubación, considerando 100 días de intubación, correspondió a 1.08, 0.26 con planificadas y 0.82 no planificadas (p=0,009). Estos resultados permitieron calcular las tasas de extubaciones de los pacientes con intubación gástrica para el aporte nutricional en la atención domiciliaria, forneciendo subsidios para el establecimiento de las metas asistenciales y de gestión para la mejora continua de la calidad.Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, prospectivo, que objetivou caracterizar o perfil de usuários e cuidadores e mensurar a incidência de extubação gástrica, identificando o tipo e os motivos das extubações desses usuários, em um Programa de Assistência Domiciliar de um hospital universitário. A população foi composta por 37 sujeitos e os dados foram coletados de abril a agosto de 2010. Para a análise, adotou-se estatística descritiva, teste de significância de 5% e cálculo de indicadores. Constatou-se que 51,4% dos usuários pertenciam ao sexo feminino, 67,5% na faixa etária >;60 anos e 67,6% apresentavam doenças neurológicas. Quanto aos cuidadores, 89,2% eram do sexo feminino e média de idade de 50,6 anos. A incidência de extubação, considerando-se 100 dias de entubação, correspondeu a 1,08; sendo 0,26 planejadas e 0,82 não planejadas (p=0,009). Os achados permitiram calcular as taxas de extubações dos portadores de entubação gástrica, para aporte nutricional em assistência domiciliar, fornecendo subsídios no estabelecimento de metas assistenciais e gerenciais para a melhoria contínua da qualidade