Digital solar system geology

All available synoptic maps of the solid-surface bodies of the Solar System were digitized for presentation in the planned Atlas of the Solar System by Greeley and Batson. Since the last report (Batson et al., 1990), preliminary Uranian satellite maps were replaced with improved versions, Galilean satellite geology was simplified and digitized, structure was added to many maps, and the maps were converted to a standard format, with corresponding standing colors for the mapped units. Following these changes, the maps were re-reviewed by their authors and are now undergoing final editing before preparation for publication. In some cases (for Mercury, Venus, and Mars), more detailed maps were digitized and then simplified for the Atlas. Other detailed maps are planned to be digitized in the coming year for the Moon and the Galilean satellites. For most of the remaining bodies such as the Uranian satellites, the current digitized versions contain virtually all the detail that can be mapped given the available data; those versions will be unchanged for the Atlas. These digital geologic maps are archived at the digital scale of 1/16 degree/ pixel, in sinusoidal format. The availability of geology of the Solar System in a digital database will facilitate comparisons and integration with other data: digitized lunar geologic maps have already been used in a comparison with Galileo SSI observations of the Moon

Characteristic features of electric, lighting and operation properties of semiconductor light sources

На основі аналізу та узагальнення отриманих експериментальних даних побудовано алгебраїчну математичну модель електричних та світлотехнічних параметрів напівпровідникових джерел світла. Встановлено, що світловипромінюючі діоди є єдиним з існуючих джерел світла, в яких у процесі перехідного процесу розгорання відбувається падіння як світлового потоку, так і світлової віддачі, а при діміруванні – зростання світлової віддачі.Basing on the analysis and generalization of the obtained and published experimental data there has been constructed an algebraic mathematical model of semiconductor light sources’ electrical and lighting parameters in the form of five interrelated equations. It has been established that light emitting diodes are the only existing light sources, in which a decrease in both the luminous flux and luminous efficacy takes place during the transition process of glow, while under that of dimming – an increase of the light output. It has been proved that the dynamics of the transition process of the decrease of the luminous flux of semiconductor light sources from the moment of switching to the moment of transition into a steady state regime (with accuracy sufficient for practical purposes) is described by the difference of decreasing and increasing exponential functions of constants of time and integration of various magnitude, which make possible to evaluate the contribution of each transient thermal resistance (the base of light emitting diode-radiator, radiator- environment) to the process of the excessive heat transfer from a driver and LEDs to the environment. It has been proved, that the decrease of the luminous flux during the transition process from the moment of switching to the transition into the steady state regime within 10% range testifies the fact, that under this condition of thermal regime of a lighting product the average duration of the light emitting diode glow will be close to the nominal value claimed in the specifications and technical documentation. The 10% value excess of the luminous flux decrease indicates the light emitting diodes’ p-n junction overheating above the allowable level, at which both the luminous efficiency and average duration of glow will be lower than stated. There has been developed a method of determining an optimal value of nominal current generated on the basis of LED lighting products in terms of providing the necessary magnitude of an average duration of glow based on the investigation of dependence of the relative decrease of their luminous flux on the current from the moment of switching to the transition into the steady state regime, which make impossible to develop and produce substandard products

Towards a comprehensive open source platform for management and analysis of High Content Screening data

As High Content Screening (HCS) has moved into the main stream for biological and pharmaceutical investigations, a lag of well integrated pipelines for automated acquisition, management and analysis of HCS results turns out to be a bottleneck for fully leveraging the wealth of information contained in a screen and moving to higher throughput. For many applications, monolithic pipelines can not deliver the flexibility and versatility needed. Laboratories and scientific service providers instead usually look into integrating components from both, the open source world and the commercial software world into best-of-breed data pipelines. In this article, we will present two open source components that can be used as flexible and powerful building blocks for such a pipeline

Dependence of the nominal luminous efficiency from the nominal power

На основі аналізу та узагальнення опублікованих даних отримано аналітичні вирази для функціональних залежностей номінальних світлових віддач від номінальних потужностей для всієї гами існуючих джерел світла. Це дало можливість установити, що світлова віддача зі зростання потужності джерел світла змінюється за гіперболічним законом. Для визначення конкретних значень можливих змін світлових віддач (зростання або падіння) із зростання номінальної потужності джерел світла розроблено спеціальну методику.Based on the analysis and generalization of the published data there have been received analytical expressions for functional dependencies of nominal luminous efficiency on the nominal power for the whole range of available sources of light. Analysis of the received data testified that the nominal luminous efficiencies of light sources, regardless of the physical principles of their operation, are changed along side with the growth of nominal power under the same law – the hyperbolic one. For most of light sources these are growing hyperboles. They are falling only in three types of them: tubular lamp bulbs, electrodeless fluorescent lamps ENDURA and metal halide lamps with ceramic burners. All functional dependencies are characterized by the following three areas: 1 – a fast growing (declining) luminous efficiency; 2 – a slowing down one; 3 – transient to saturation. The less significant is the second area, the less likely is the prospect of improving the efficiency of light sources not only of a low but also of a high power. It is absolutely obvious that the traditional way of improving the efficiency of thermal light sources by increasing the temperature of the tungsten incandescent body is no longer efficient. The only possible way of solving the problem is a transition to a tantalum-carbide incandescent bodies. The coefficient of efficiency of incandescent bulbs can grow up to 20-30%, which is equivalent to the luminous efficiency of 60-90 lm/W with the lifetime up to 10,000 hours. With these indices they could compete not only with modern fluorescent lamps that need start-control devices and toxic mercury, but also with some types of LED lamps. To determine the specific values of possible changes of nominal luminous efficiency with the growth of nominal capacities there has been developed a special technique. It has been found out that the possibility of increasing the luminous efficiency for most types of compact fluorescent lamps has almost been exhausted, though for some types of them it is still feasible. It concerns, first of all, the following lamps: DULUX L LUMILUX PL, DULUX T/E PLUS and DULUX SUPERSTAR MICRO TWIST. The most promosing in this respect are LED lights and metal halide lamps with a quartz burner