Gauge U(1)U(1) Dark Symmetry and Radiative Light Fermion Masses

A gauge $U(1)$ family symmetry is proposed, spanning the quarks and leptons as well as particles of the dark sector. The breaking of $U(1)$ to $Z_2$ divides the two sectors and generates one-loop radiative masses for the first two families of quarks and leptons, as well as all three neutrinos. We study the phenomenological implications of this new connection between family symmetry and dark matter. In particular, a scalar or pseudoscalar particle associated with this $U(1)$ breaking may be identified with the 750 GeV diphoton resonance recently observed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Dark Revelations of the [SU(3)]3[SU(3)]^3 and [SU(3)]4[SU(3)]^4 Gauge Extensions of the Standard Model

Two theoretically well-motivated gauge extensions of the standard model are $SU(3)_C \times SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_R$ and $SU(3)_q \times SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_l \times SU(3)_R$, where $SU(3)_q$ is the same as $SU(3)_C$ and $SU(3)_l$ is its color leptonic counterpart. Each as three variations, according to how $SU(3)_R$ is broken. It is shown here for the first time that a built-in dark $U(1)_D$ gauge symmetry exists in all six versions, and may be broken to discrete $Z_2$ dark parity. The available dark matter candidates in each case include fermions, scalars, as well as {\it vector gauge bosons}. This work points to the unity of matter with dark matter, the origin of which is not {\it ad hoc}.Comment: 12 pages, no figur

Gauge Extensions of the Standard Model: Uncovering Dark Symmetry and Neutrino Mass Among Extended Structure

Though it appears to describe the world well to at least the electroweak scale, the Standard Model is becoming increasingly inadequate: it can fit fermionic masses but offers no explanation for the observed hierarchy; it provides no mechanism for generating neutrinos mass; and lastly, but perhaps most significantly, it is absent any dark matter candidate. Myriad extentions exist that are able to accommodate these problems individually including the many models that resort to ad hoc symmetries to protect dark matter. Here, extensions are motivated by generalizations of symmetries contained in the Standard Model (such as B-L) or symmetries introduced to enhance Standard Model structure. In the first part we study generalizations of U(1) gauge extensions such a B-L and I3R. For generalized B-L, we allow families to transform differently from one another and study the resulting flavor-changing neutral current constraints. In the next project, to incorporate dark matter to the puzzle, we then implement the scotogenic mechanism to generate neutrino mass via the Type II seesaw with interesting collider signatures coming from the double charged scalar. The next extension is a U(1) family symmetry that is also a dark symmetry, in both cases coupling exclusively to right-handed objects. We then push to explore Alternative Left-Right models both individually and as low-energy subgroups of the unified trinification and quartification models. We uncover naturally emerging dark symmetries for certain breaking patterns and investigate phenomenological signatures that arise from dark matter and glueball-like states of leptonic color. Obtaining gauge coupling unification at one-loop imposes further constraints on the possible symmetry breaking patterns as well as permissible low-energy particle content

Dark Gauge U(1) symmetry for an alternative left–right model

Abstract An alternative left–right model of quarks and leptons, where the $$SU(2)_R$$ SU(2)R lepton doublet $$(\nu ,l)_R$$ (ν,l)R is replaced with $$(n,l)_R$$ (n,l)R so that $$n_R$$ nR is not the Dirac mass partner of $$\nu _L$$ νL , has been known since 1987. Previous versions assumed a global $$U(1)_S$$ U(1)S symmetry to allow n to be identified as a dark-matter fermion. We propose here a gauge extension by the addition of extra fermions to render the model free of gauge anomalies, and just one singlet scalar to break $$U(1)_S$$ U(1)S . This results in two layers of dark matter, one hidden behind the other