CERN's First Director-General, 1954-1955

Paper by L. Kowarsk

Seasonal Trends in Acoustic Detection of Marine Mammals in Baffin Bay and Melville Bay, Northwest Greenland

The expansion of hydrocarbon exploration in northwest Greenland has made it increasingly important to understand the occurrence of marine mammals in the region. We describe the seasonal occurrence of marine mammals and the spatial distribution of their calls in Baffin Bay and Melville Bay. Four Autonomous Multichannel Acoustic Recorders (AMARs) were deployed during summer 2012 (late July to early October), five recorders during September 2013, and two recorders from late September 2013 to early September 2014. The call presence of several species was analyzed using automatic call detection and manual verification analysis methods. A novel approach to discern narwhal (Monodon monoceros) clicks from beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) clicks was implemented during the verification process. Narwhal calls were detected in spring and fall, showing a south-to-north migration pattern in spring and a north-to-south migration pattern in fall. Few beluga whales were detected during fall 2013 and spring 2014. Bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) calls were detected mainly during spring (mating period). A small number of bowhead whale calls (Balaena mysticetus) were detected during fall 2013 and spring and summer 2014. For the first time at this latitude in Baffin Bay, long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) were detected during summer and fall. Our results suggest that the presence of marine mammals in Baffin Bay and Melville Bay is governed mainly by the annual cycle of sea ice formation and decay

Regulation of plasma aldosterone concentration in anephric man and renal transplant recipients

Regulation of plasma aldosterone concentration in anephric man and renal transplant recipients. Regulatory factors controlling plasma aldosterone in the anephric state were further examined in bilaterally nephrectomized patients and renal transplant recipients. The effect of supine and upright posture on the concentration of plasma aldosterone, and the possible role of potassium in these responses in the anephric patients, was studied on the first and either the third or fourth day post-dialysis (anephric patients) and during periods of high and low sodium intake (renal transplant recipients). As previously reported, a significant correlation between plasma aldosterone and serum potassium concentration (r = 0.871, P<0.001) could be demonstrated in anephric patients. In addition, the present studies demonstrate that in a single anephric individual, changes in serum potassium concentration are associated with concordant alterations in plasma aldosterone concentration (r value for Δ plasma aldosterone concentration in anephric patients on the third or fourth day post-dialysis was 0.911, P<0.005). Changes in posture from supine to upright produced no change in the concentration of plasma aldosterone in the anephric patients that could not be attributed to variations in the serum potassium concentration. In contrast, the plasma aldosterone concentration in renal transplant recipients increased significantly after two hours of ambulation during both high and low sodium intake, and was correlated with plasma renin activity (PRA). These studies demonstrate that plasma aldosterone, in the absence of the kidneys, is unresponsive to postural variation under conditions in which significant changes in plasma aldosterone concentrations are observed in renal transplant recipients. Thus, additional evidence indicating that changes in potassium rather than volume-related stimuli are the primary regulator of plasma aldosterone in anephric patients is provided.Régulation de la concentration plasmatique d'aldostérone au cours de l'anéphrie et après la transplantation rénale. Les facteurs régulateurs contrôlant la secrétion d'aldostérone au cours de l'anéphrie ont été étudiés chez des malades ayant subi une néphrectomie bilatérale et chez des transplantés. L'effet de la position couchée ou debout sur la concentration plasmatique d'aldostérone et le rôle possible du potassium dans ces réponses chez le malade anéphrique ont été étudiés le premier et le troisième ou quatrième jour après dialyse (malades anéphriques) et durant des périodes de régime riche puis pauvre en sodium (receveurs de reins transplantés). Ainsi que nous l'avons antérieurement rapporté il existe une corrélation significative entre les concentrations plasmatiques d'aldostérone et de potassium (r = 0,871; P<0,001) chez le malade anéphrique. De surcroît, l'étude actuelle démontre que chez un même sujet anéphrique les modifications de la concentration du potassium sont associées à des modifications concordantes de la concentration plasmatique d'aldostérone (le r de la corrélation Δ du potassium plasmatique avec Δ d'aldostérone plasmatique chez le sujet anéphrique le troisième ou le quatrième jour post dialyse est égal à 0,911; P<0,005). Le passage de la position couchée à la position debout ne produit pas de modification de l'aldostérone plasmatique, chez les sujets anéphriques, qui ne pourraient être attribués aux modifications du potassium plasmatique. Al'opposé, l'aldostérone plasmatique chez les transplantés augmente significativement après 2 heures d'ambulation, que le régime soit riche ou pauvre en sel, et elle est correlée avec l'activité rénine plasmatique. Ces résultats démontrent que la secrétion d'aldostérone, en l'absence de reins, ne répond pas auxh modifications posturales dans des conditions où des modifications significatives de la concentration plasmatique d'aldostérone sont observées chez les sujets transplantés. Ainsi des arguments supplémentaires indiquent que les modifications de potassium, plus que des stimuli volémiques, sont le facteur primaire de la régulation de la secrétion d'aldostérone chez l'anéphrique

The beat goes on : humpback whale song seasonality in Antarctic and South African waters

Little is known of the movements and seasonal occurrence of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) of South Africa and the Antarctic, populations once brought to near extinction by historic commercial whaling. We investigated the seasonal occurrence and diel-vocalizing pattern of humpback whale songs off the west coast of South Africa (migration route and opportunistic feeding ground) and the Maud Rise, Antarctica (feeding ground), using passive acoustic monitoring data collected between early 2014 and early 2017. Data were collected using acoustic autonomous recorders deployed 200-300 m below the sea surface in waters 855, 1,118 and 4,400 m deep. Acoustic data were manually analyzed for humpback whale vocalizations. While non-song calls were never identified, humpback whale songs were detected from June through December in South African waters, with a peak in percentage of acoustic occurrence around September/October in the austral spring. In Antarctic waters, songs were detected from March through May and in July (with a peak occurrence in April) where acoustic occurrence of humpback whales was negatively correlated to distance to the sea ice extent. Humpback whales were more vocally active at night than in the day at all recording sites. Detection range modelling indicates that humpback whale vocalizations could be detected as far as 18 and 45 km from recorders in South African and Antarctic waters, respectively. This study provides a multi-year description of the offshore acoustic occurrence of humpback whales off the west coast of South Africa and Maud Rise, Antarctica, regions that should continue to be monitored to understand these recovering populations.The South African National Antarctic Programme.https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science#dm2022Mammal Research InstituteZoology and Entomolog

ANÁLISE DA ATUAÇÃO DO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DO RIO DE JANEIRO ANTES E APÓS A OPERAÇÃO QUINTO DO OURO

O trabalho visa analisar o impacto das mudanças ocorridas em decorrência de abrupta alteração da composição do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (TCE-RJ) ocorrida em 2017, na qual cinco conselheiros efetivos, concomitantemente, foram afastados por determinação judicial. Os referidos membros efetivos, nomeados através de processo de escolha impregnado de viés político, foram substituídos por auditores públicos originários de concurso público. A pesquisa visa comparar determinados dados empíricos extraídos de relatórios públicos de atividades sobre produtividade, efetividade e estrutura do controle do TCE-RJ, por meio de um recorte de período anterior e outro posterior à mudança, com o objetivo de apresentar possíveis tendências. Pretende-se observar se houve alteração na orientação do TCE-RJ, o qual passou a ser formado exclusivamente por julgadores concursados, seja sob o viés mais ou menos intervencionista e fiscalizador, seja sob a dimensão da produtividade. Concluindo ao final se é possível deduzir que um Tribunal de Contas, formado por indicados políticos, possui maior inclinação de representar possível captura política

Direito societário, compliance e ética

- Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.- Localização na estante: 347.7 D598sc- Organizado por: Luciane de Castro Cortez, Clarissa Brandão Kowarski e Edson Alvisi Neve