Inflammatory biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease plasma

Introduction:Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis/stratification are a“Holy Grail” of AD research and intensively sought; however, there are no well-established plasmamarkers.Methods:A hypothesis-led plasma biomarker search was conducted in the context of internationalmulticenter studies. The discovery phase measured 53 inflammatory proteins in elderly control (CTL;259), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; 199), and AD (262) subjects from AddNeuroMed.Results:Ten analytes showed significant intergroup differences. Logistic regression identified five(FB, FH, sCR1, MCP-1, eotaxin-1) that, age/APOε4 adjusted, optimally differentiated AD andCTL (AUC: 0.79), and three (sCR1, MCP-1, eotaxin-1) that optimally differentiated AD and MCI(AUC: 0.74). These models replicated in an independent cohort (EMIF; AUC 0.81 and 0.67). Twoanalytes (FB, FH) plus age predicted MCI progression to AD (AUC: 0.71).Discussion:Plasma markers of inflammation and complement dysregulation support diagnosis andoutcome prediction in AD and MCI. Further replication is needed before clinical translatio

Wplyw jakosci swiatla i cytokinin na organogeneze in vitro petunii ogrodowej [Petunia hybrida Vilm.]

Określono wpływ barwy światła: białej, niebieskiej i czerwonej o natężeniu napromienienia kwantowego 12 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹ oraz obecności cytokinin w pożywce (0,5 mg(BA)·dm³, kinetyny 1 i 2 mg·dm³) na różnicowanie pędów klonu petunii ogrodowej 42F (Petunia hybrida grupa Ursynia). Badano również wpływ natężenia napromienienia kwantowego światła białego fluorescencyjnego (12, 24, 46 i 68 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) i światła niebieskiego (12 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) na liczbę i jakość pędów. Najwięcej pędów uzyskano w świetle białym w obecności 0,5 mg(BA)·dm³ lub kinetyny 2 mg-dnr3 oraz na świetle niebieskim w obecności 0,5 mg(BA)·dm³. Światło czerwone przy braku cytokinin najsilniej stymulowało wzrost pędów. Największą świeżą masę osiągnęły pędy na świetle niebieskim w obecności kinetyny 2 mg·dm³ i na świetle białym w obecności 0,5 mg(BA)·dm³. Wysokie natężenie napromienienia kwantowego światła białego (46 i 68 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) i obecność 0,5 mg(BA)·dm³ powodowały wyrastanie większej liczby pędów. Podobny efekt dawało światło niebieskie o niskim natężeniu napromienienia kwantowego (12 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹). Natężenie napromienienia kwantowego światła miało wpływ na długość pędów tylko w pożywkach bez cytokinin. Oceniając wpływ światła białego i niebieskiego na formowanie korzeni przybyszowych stwierdzono, że korzenie wyrosły wyłącznie na pędach umieszczonych na pożywce bez cytokinin, a największa ich liczba powstała w świetle białym o wysokim natężeniu napromienienia kwantowego (46 i 68 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹), zaś najmniejsza w świetle niebieskim.Effects of white, red and blue light (12 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) as well as the presence of cytokinin (BA 0.5 mg-drrr3, kinetin 1 or 2 mg·dm³) in the medium on shoot differentiation in Petunia hybrida, Ursynia Group, clone 42F were determined. Also number and quality of shoots as influenced by white light of different quantum irradiance levels (12, 24, 46 or 68 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) and blue light (12 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) were evaluated. The highest shoot numbers were obtained under white light at the presence of 0.5 mg(BA)·dm³ or 2 mg·dm³ kinetin and under blue light with 0.5 mg·dm³ BA in the medium. Red light stimulated shoot elongation at the absence of cytokinins. Most intensive shoot proliferation occurred under high level of quantum irradiance of white light (46 and 68 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) at the presence of 0.5 mg(BA)·dm³. Similar effect was observed under blue light of low level of quantum irradiance (12 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹). Quantum irradiance level affected shoot length only on the media without cytokinins. Shoots growing under white light of the highest quantum irradiance level on the medium without cytokinins as well as those cultured under blue light at 0.5 mg(BA)·dm³ reached the highest fresh matter. Roots appeared only on shoots cultured on the medium without cytokinins - they were most abundant under white light of high quantum irradiance level (46 i 68 µmol·m⁻²·⁻¹) and the least numerous under blue light

Do sustainability labels make us more negligent? Rebound and Moral Licensing Effects in the Clothing Industry

Companies and consumers are more concerned about sustainability nowadays. The clothing industry is receiving more attention due to mass production and its significant impact on the planet. Fashion brands are introducing sustainable lines and circular economies in their business model to reduce their energy consumption, advocating for environmental protection and other activities. Yet, sustainable efforts suffer from indulgent and towering consumption. Do sustainability labels really promote moral behavior or are they leading to outrageous outcomes? Rebound and moral licensing effects can be classified as unwanted negative consequences of moral behavior. This research shows to what extent these two effects can be a potential source of an ineffective sustainable policy in the clothing industry. This study uses a conjoint study to measure consumers’ willingness to pay and quantity purchase for three attributes: brand, style and sustainable label. Sustainable label attribute levels were identified as “emphasizing recycled materials”, “emphasizing efficiency in production and distribution” and “none”. We segmented consumers based on their clothing shopping habit. Sustainable label emphasizing efficiency in production and distribution increased the number of clothes consumers would consider buying and willingness to pay more than the one emphasizing the presence of recycled fibers in the product. Individuals seem to purchase larger quantities of sustainable-efficient produced garments because of their good purpose and pro sustainable fashion consumers show consistent behavior on their sustainable preferences. Thus, rebound effect occur in clothing industry but we did not find any proof of moral licensing effect