A conceptual structure for an historical outline of Kanbun Kundoku

富山大

Spatiotemporal forecasting of track geometry irregularities with exogenous factors

To ensure the safety of railroad operations, it is important to monitor and forecast track geometry irregularities. A higher safety requires forecasting with a higher spatiotemporal frequency. For forecasting with a high spatiotemporal frequency, it is necessary to capture spatial correlations. Additionally, track geometry irregularities are influenced by multiple exogenous factors. In this study, we propose a method to forecast one type of track geometry irregularity, vertical alignment, by incorporating spatial and exogenous factor calculations. The proposed method embeds exogenous factors and captures spatiotemporal correlations using a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM). In the experiment, we compared the proposed method with other methods in terms of the forecasting performance. Additionally, we conducted an ablation study on exogenous factors to examine their contribution to the forecasting performance. The results reveal that spatial calculations and maintenance record data improve the forecasting of the vertical alignment.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

Potential mapping of ground source heat pump systems considering groundwater pumping

The pumping of groundwater near GHEs improves the performance of GSHP systems due to the advection of the induced roundwater flow when the hydraulic conductivity of the formation is favorable. To quantify the effect, we first carried out performance analysis of a GSHP heating system under the influence of groundwater pumping. The heating operation data clearly showed the improved COP of the heat pump when the groundwater is pumped. To evaluate the effect of groundwater pumping, we then collected the water pumping data from the groundwater snow-melting system in Akita City, Japan and input those data to the existing field-scale numerical groundwater flow and heat transport model of the area. The model was run to calculate the groundwater velocity and temperature in the area under the influence of groundwater pumping. Then, the output from the model was used for developing another numerical model, small-scale GHE model, which can estimate the minimum necessary GHE length for a Japanese standard detached house at several locations in the area. The GHE length data were mapped using GIS software to generate the GSHP potential map under the influence of groundwater pumping. The comparison between the potential maps with and without groundwater pumping clearly indicated the contribution of water pumping in reducing the GHE length and the initial cost of GSHP systems

Field tests and numerical simulation of a novel thermal response test equipment for water wells

The objective of this study is to develop a novel thermal response test (TRT) equipment that can be applied to existing water wells instead of borehole heat exchangers (BHEs). Accordingly, field tests were conducted using new and conventional equipment to estimate the vertical distribution of ground thermal conductivity. The result showed that the estimated thermal conductivity profile was higher than the reference profile obtained using conventional equipment. The temperature behavior in the well was considered to be unstable due to natural convection because the heating time was 4 hours, which is not long enough. Next, a numerical model of the water well including the novel equipment was developed, and the model was validated through history matching by using the temperature change in each depth. Finally, the TRT was simulated for two days using the model, and the simulated thermal conductivity profile was similar to the reference profile except near the end of the heated section. This result indicates that a more accurate thermal conductivity profile can be obtained by increasing the heating time until approximately 1.5 days

古典籍原本画像と翻字テキストの対照ビュアーの作成と教育利用事例

国立国語研究所 理論・構造研究系富山大学Department of Linguistic Theory and Structure, NINJALUniversity of Toyama古典籍の原本画像とその翻字テキストを対照表示させるビュアーを作成し,変体仮名習得を目的とする大学授業に利用した。授業利用により指摘された問題点によってビュアーの改善を行った。また,デジタルコンテンツの利用が,初学者の学習意欲の向上など変体仮名学習に一定の効果をもたらすことが指摘された。We developed a viewer that displays images of original texts from early Japanese books and transliterated texts side-by-side, and we used it in university classes aimed at learning hentaigana (kana variants). We made improvements to the viewer after problems with it were pointed out during its use in class. We also discussed that the use of digital content would have certain effects on the acquisition of hentaigana, such as increased motivation for learning in new learners

資料画像公開・利用の国際化と高度化の取り組み : 「日本語史研究資料［国立国語研究所蔵］」の事例

国立国語研究所 研究系 言語変化研究領域東京農工大学 博士前期課程東京電機大学富山大学Language Change Division, Research Department, NINJALGraduate Student, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyo Denki UniversityUniversity of Toyama昨今，デジタル技術の進歩，学術政策におけるオープンサイエンス・オープンデータの推進と相まって，世界各国の様々な機関が所蔵する資料（主に古典籍）のデジタル画像化とインターネットを通じた公開が進んでいる。従来の公開では，単純な閲覧を目的とした場合，JPEG形式やTIFF形式のデジタル画像を提供する方式や専用ビューアを提供する方式が採用されてきた。また，アノテーションが付与された画像を表示する場合や，複数画像を比較表示するような場合，提供画像と専用ビューアを合わせて用意する方式が採用されてきた。本稿では，従来の公開方式による「日本語史研究資料［国立国語研究所蔵］」に，IIIF規格に準拠した画像公開システムを導入した事例と，コーパス検索結果からの画像参照への実装を報告する。Recently, progress in digital technology and the promotion of open science and open data in academic policies has led to a rapid digitalization of materials (mostly classical texts) from various institutions across the world and their publication on the Internet. Conventionally, digital data made public for the simple purpose of viewing have been presented in the JPEG or TIFF format or a specialized viewer. When displaying images with annotations or comparing several images, both the method of providing both images and the method of the specialized viewer are offered. This article reports on the case of "Collection of the NINJAL Research Library for Study of the Japanese Language History," an implementation of the image publication system based on IIIF specifications and the image references from corpus search results

The clinical features of the piriformis syndrome: a systematic review

Piriformis syndrome, sciatica caused by compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle, has been described for over 70 years; yet, it remains controversial. The literature consists mainly of case series and narrative reviews. The objectives of the study were: first, to make the best use of existing evidence to estimate the frequencies of clinical features in patients reported to have PS; second, to identify future research questions. A systematic review was conducted of any study type that reported extractable data relevant to diagnosis. The search included all studies up to 1 March 2008 in four databases: AMED, CINAHL, Embase and Medline. Screening, data extraction and analysis were all performed independently by two reviewers. A total of 55 studies were included: 51 individual and 3 aggregated data studies, and 1 combined study. The most common features found were: buttock pain, external tenderness over the greater sciatic notch, aggravation of the pain through sitting and augmentation of the pain with manoeuvres that increase piriformis muscle tension. Future research could start with comparing the frequencies of these features in sciatica patients with and without disc herniation or spinal stenosis