Socio-psychological adaptation of students in the professional educational organization as a factor of career success

The article discusses the sociopsychological characteristics of adaptation of students in the vocational educational organizationВ статье рассматриваются социально-психологические особенности адаптации обучающихся в профессионально-образовательной организаци

Contemporary Russian Historiography on the Pre-Petrine Era: New Aspects

Вариант статьи был опубликован в 2015 г. на итальянском языке: Košeleva O. E. La Storiographia Russa Moderna sull’epocca pre-petrina (secolo XVII): problemi, metodi, orientamendi // Acme. 2015. No. 1. P. 83–98. DOI: http://dx.doi.org.10.13130/2282–0035/5137.The article was submitted on 17.08.2017.This review focuses on the most remarkable works in contemporary Russian historiography from recent decades on the pre-Petrine seventeenth century. Consciously ignoring the literature dedicated to diplomacy and war because of the sheer size of the available material, the author isolates questions connected with the socio-political and cultural development of the Muscovite state and society. In particular, she examines works looking at the intensity and direction of pre-Petrine Russia’s socio-cultural contacts with the West and the Orthodox East and the extent of their influence on the country’s historical development. Noting how the exhaustion of Marxist methodology (in its Soviet variant) has led contemporary Russian historiography to revive the opposition of the Slavophiles and Westernisers, the author nevertheless emphasises its new foundations, which are based on different methodological principles. There has been a shift of scholarly interest away from the ‘base’ to the ‘superstructure’ (to use the old Soviet terminology): now dominant is the attention placed on the discursive practices of the epoch and on the problems of intellectual history, the history of personhood, the network-actor interactions that created the fabric of social and cultural reality, and the increasing need to study the sources. The article’s main conclusion is that the varied (and sometimes mutually exclusive) interpretations of the meaning and significance of the cultural changes in the second half of the seventeenth century can scarcely be reduced to some generalising representation of the epoch. This will require the further accumulation and interpretation of empirical materials in the framework of new research paradigms. It is necessary to understand this period as part of an integral whole with the era of the Petrine reforms.В представленном обзоре фокусируется внимание на наиболее заметных явлениях современной отечественной историографии XVII в., преимущественно последних десятилетий, предшествовавших воцарению Петра I. Осознанно (в силу обширности материала) оставляя за скобками литературу, посвященную истории дипломатии и войн, автор вычленяет дискуссионные вопросы, связанные с оценками уровня социально-политического и культурного развития Московского государства и общества указанного периода, интенсивности и направленности социокультурных контактов предпетровской России с Западной Европой и православным Востоком, степени их влияния на векторы исторического развития страны. Отмечая, что исчерпанность марксистской (в ее советском варианте) методологии привела современную российскую историографию к своеобразному возрождению оппозиции славянофилов и западников, автор подчеркивает ее новые основания, которые базируются на иных методико-методологических принципах. В первую очередь это смещение фокуса исследовательского интереса от «базиса» к «надстройке» (если использовать старую советскую терминологию) – доминирующее внимание к дискурсивным практикам изучаемой эпохи, к проблемам интеллектуальной истории, истории личности, к сетевым акторным взаимодействиям, создававшим ткань социальных и культурных реалий, к повышенным требованиям источниковедческой и археографической составляющих научного исследования и проч. Главный итоговый вывод гласит, что разнообразные, порой взаимоисключающие трактовки смысла и значения происходивших во второй половине XVII в. перемен в культурном облике России едва ли возможно свести к какому-то генерализирующему представлению об эпохе. Это требует дальнейшего накопления и интерпретации эмпирического материала в рамках новых исследовательских направлений и парадигм. Необходимо осмысление этого периода в системной целостности со временем Петровских реформ

The Phenomenon of Child Leadership in F. M. Dostoevsky’s Novel “The Brothers Karamazov”

Благодарности: доктору филологических наук, профессору кафедры русской и зарубежной литературы Пращерук Наталье Викторовне.Acknowledgments: Natalia V. Prashcheruk, Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Russian and Foreign Literature.Статья посвящена феномену лидерства в группе мальчиков в романе Ф. М. Достоевского «Братья Карамазовы». Рассматривается характер лидерства Коли Красоткина и Илюши Снегирева, а также связь природы лидерства с формулой «чудо, тайна и авторитет».The report studies the phenomenon of leadership in a group of boys according to F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. The nature of Kolya Krasotkin’s and Ilyusha Snegirev’s leadership is considered, as well as the connection of this nature with the formula “miracle, mystery and authority”

Особенности развития балкерного тоннажа

Кошелева О. С. Особенности развития балкерного тоннажа / О. С. Кошелева // Економіко-правовий розвиток сучасної України : матер. ІIІ Всеукр. наук. конф. студ., аспір. та молодих вчених (22-23 листопада 2013 р., м. Одеса) / за ред. д.е.н., проф. О. М. Кібік, д.ю.н., проф. О. П. Подцерковного ; Національн. ун-т «Одеська юридична академія» – Одеса : Фенікс, 2013. – С. 245-247

Vitamin content of athletes of various sports: assessment of the diet and blood serum level

Objective: to study the vitamins level in athletes of various sports. Materials and methods: during the training process, 400 athletes of various sports and specializations were examined: martial artists, game sport athletes, cyclic, complex coordination sports. We assessed the dietery intake of vitamins A, C, B1, B2 and PP and the blood serum level of vitamins A, E, C, B2 and beta-carotene. Results: The assessement the dietary intake of vitamins in relation to the energy value revealed insufficient intake of vitamins B1, B2 and PP in vast majority of the athletes. Only 15.2% of athlets demonstrated adequate level of all vitamins. Most frequently we found a reduced blood serum riboflavin concentration. Conclusions: An increase of B vitamins dietary intake by athletes through a high level of dietary vitamin supplements

Effect of Solid Dispersions on the Dissolution of Ampicillin

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.In this work, we studied water solubility of ampicillin trihydrate and its solid dispersions (SD) with polyethylene glycol-1500, polyvinylpyrrolidone-10000, and β-cyclodextrin. It was found that SD formation increases the solubility by a factor of 1.34–1.73 and the rate of ampicillin dissolution by a factor of 3.43–7.40. The results of complex physicochemical studies suggest that the improved release of ampicillin from SD is due to its micronization and solubilization by the polymer

Microsecond dynamics control the HIV-1 Envelope conformation

The HIV-1 Envelope (Env) glycoprotein facilitates host cell fusion through a complex series of receptor-induced structural changes. Although remarkable progress has been made in understanding the structures of various Env conformations, microsecond timescale dynamics have not been studied experimentally. Here, we used time-resolved, temperature-jump small-angle x-ray scattering to monitor structural rearrangements in an HIV-1 Env SOSIP ectodomain construct with microsecond precision. In two distinct Env variants, we detected a transition that correlated with known Env structure rearrangements with a time constant in the hundreds of microseconds range. A previously unknown structural transition was also observed, which occurred with a time constant below 10 μs, and involved an order-to-disorder transition in the trimer apex. Using this information, we engineered an Env SOSIP construct that locks the trimer in the prefusion closed state by connecting adjacent protomers via disulfides. Our findings show that the microsecond timescale structural dynamics play an essential role in controlling the Env conformation with impacts on vaccine design

Clinical efficiency of an education program for patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: to develop an education program for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate its efficiency. Subjects and methods. The study included 43 patients with RA: 23 study group patients were trained according to an education program (Rheumatoid Arthritis Health School), 20 patients formed a control group. The education program consisted of 4 daily 90-min studies. The MDHAQ (R798—NP2) questionnaire was used to determine DAS 28, HAQ, RAPID 3 scores at baseline and following 6 months. Results. Six months after education, the study group showed reductions in DAS 28 by 1.33+0.26 scores (р < 0.05), HAQ by 0.91±0.54 (55.2%; р < 0.01), and RAPID 3 by 5.96±0.92 (49.9%; р < 0.01), anxiety level by 0.86±0.32 (54.4%; р < 0.05), depression by 0.87±0.61 (53.4%; р < 0.05), fatigability by 3.39±1.17 (47.5%; р < 0.05); sleep improved by 0.81±0.36 scores (54.7%; р < 0.05). Six months following education program participation, there was significantly more frequently a good DAS 28 response to treatment according to the EULAR criteria (52.2% versus 30.0% in the control group; р < 0.05), and the number of patients who reported health improvement increased by 8.5 times (р < 0.01). The changes in the control group were less pronounced, which determined statistically significant differences between the groups in most indicators (р < 0.05). Conclusion. The education program improves functional capacities and psychological status, assists in controlling the disease activity, and enhances the quality of life in patients with RA

Changes in the antigenic and genetic structure of influenza viruses: analysis of surveillance data of influenza A and B in Russia in 2006-2013

The goal of this research project was to study the natural variability of human influenza A and B viruses based on the analysis of the population structure of influenza viruses, circulating in Russia in 2006-2013, in order to determine the direction of their genetic and antigenic drift by comparison to the WHO reference strains. Our results proved that during that period significant changes occurred in the genetic structure of influenza viruses, their phylogenetic affiliation, as well as their sensitivity to antiviral drugs. According to the surveillance data, the percentage of influenza A(H1N1) viruses among patients with influenza-like illness or acute respiratory infection gradually decreased from 42% of the total number of influenza viruses in 2006-2007 to 19% in 2008- 2009. Influenza A(H1N1) viruses are characterized by «silent» variability that manifests in the gradual accumulation of amino acid substitutions in the minor undetectable group of viruses.The share of influenza A(H3N2) viruses varied from 10% in the 1st post pandemic year to approx. 60% in 2008-2009 and 2011- 2012 epidemic seasons. All of the influenza A strains isolated during the last years of the period, covered in this study, were found to be susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors and resistant to adamantane antivirals.Influenza B viruses of both Yamagata and Victoria lineages circulated in Russia in the period from 2006 to 2013. The vast majority of these influenza B viruses belonged to the Victoria lineage. Phylogenetic and antigenic analyses of influenza B viruses have demonstrated a gradual drift of Russian isolates from the reference strains. No changes leading to resistance to oseltamivir or zanamivir were found in influenza B strains isolated until 2013.The goal of this research project was to study the natural variability of human influenza A and B viruses based on the analysis of the population structure of influenza viruses, circulating in Russia in 2006-2013, in order to determine the direction of their genetic and antigenic drift by comparison to the WHO reference strains. Our results proved that during that period significant changes occurred in the genetic structure of influenza viruses, their phylogenetic affiliation, as well as their sensitivity to antiviral drugs. According to the surveillance data, the percentage of influenza A(H1N1) viruses among patients with influenza-like illness or acute respiratory infection gradually decreased from 42% of the total number of influenza viruses in 2006-2007 to 19% in 2008- 2009. Influenza A(H1N1) viruses are characterized by «silent» variability that manifests in the gradual accumulation of amino acid substitutions in the minor undetectable group of viruses. The share of influenza A(H3N2) viruses varied from 10% in the 1st post pandemic year to approx. 60% in 2008-2009 and 2011- 2012 epidemic seasons. All of the influenza A strains isolated during the last years of the period, covered in this study, were found to be susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors and resistant to adamantane antivirals. Influenza B viruses of both Yamagata and Victoria lineages circulated in Russia in the period from 2006 to 2013. The vast majority of these influenza B viruses belonged to the Victoria lineage. Phylogenetic and antigenic analyses of influenza B viruses have demonstrated a gradual drift of Russian isolates from the reference strains. No changes leading to resistance to oseltamivir or zanamivir were found in influenza B strains isolated until 2013

Revising the Language Map of Korea

As linguists develop a deeper understanding of the properties of individual varieties of speech, they often find it necessary to reclassify dialects as independent languages, based on the criterion of intelligibility. This criterion is applied here to Jejueo, the traditional variety of speech used on Jeju Island, a province of the Republic of Korea. Although Jejueo has long been classified as a nonstandard dialect of Korean, evidence from an intelligibility experiment shows that it is not comprehensible to monolingual speakers of Korean and therefore should be treated as a separate language, in accordance with the usual practice within linguistics. This finding calls for a revision to the standard language map of Kore