599 research outputs found
inflation to probe non-perturbative quantum gravity
It is natural to expect a consistent inflationary model of the very early
Universe to be an effective theory of quantum gravity, at least at energies
much less than the Planck one. For the moment, , or shortly ,
inflation is the most successful in accounting for the latest CMB data from the
PLANCK satellite and other experiments. Moreover, recently it was shown to be
ultra-violet (UV) complete via an embedding into an analytic infinite
derivative (AID) non-local gravity. In this paper, we derive a most general
theory of gravity that contributes to perturbed linear equations of motion
around maximally symmetric space-times. We show that such a theory is quadratic
in the Ricci scalar and the Weyl tensor with AID operators along with the
Einstein-Hilbert term and possibly a cosmological constant. We explicitly
demonstrate that introduction of the Ricci tensor squared term is redundant.
Working in this quadratic AID gravity framework without a cosmological term we
prove that for a specified class of space homogeneous space-times, a space of
solutions to the equations of motion is identical to the space of backgrounds
in a local model. We further compute the full second order perturbed
action around any background belonging to that class. We proceed by extracting
the key inflationary parameters of our model such as a spectral index (),
a tensor-to-scalar ratio () and a tensor tilt (). It appears that
remains the same as in the local inflation in the leading slow-roll
approximation, while and get modified due to modification of the
tensor power spectrum. This class of models allows for any value of
with a modified consistency relation which can be fixed by future observations
of primordial -modes of the CMB polarization. This makes the UV complete
gravity a natural target for future CMB probes.Comment: 37 page
Plasmonic shock waves and solitons in a nanoring
We apply the hydrodynamic theory of electron liquid to demonstrate that a
circularly polarized radiation induces the diamagnetic, helicity-sensitive dc
current in a ballistic nanoring. This current is dramatically enhanced in the
vicinity of plasmonic resonances. The resulting magnetic moment of the nanoring
represents a giant increase of the inverse Faraday effect. With increasing
radiation intensity, linear plasmonic excitations evolve into the strongly
non-linear plasma shock waves. These excitations produce a series of the well
resolved peaks at the THz frequencies. We demonstrate that the plasmonic wave
dispersion transforms the shock waves into solitons. The predicted effects
should enable multiple applications in a wide frequency range (from the
microwave to terahertz band) using optically controlled ultra low loss
electric, photonic and magnetic devices.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figure
Π’Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ
The study focuses on identifying the driving forces behind the digital transformation of the economy in the financial sector and the development of the digital financial assets (DFA) market. The subject of the research is the factors of digital transformation and the DFA market. The relevance is due to the transformation of the world economy, associated, among other things, with the active development of the DFA market, the expansion of the possibilities of using distributed ledger technologies (DLT) and blockchain against the background of high growth rates of the cryptoasset market. The aim of the paper is to summarize the main trends in the development of the global cryptoasset market, determine the main factors of investment attractiveness of cryptocurrencies and explore the conditions for the successful implementation of various models of digital currencies of central banks (CBDC). In the course of the work, the methods of systematization and classification of information, multivariate statistical analysis were used. As a result of the study, 5 clusters of cryptocurrencies were identified, depending on the dominance in the market and the dynamics of price changes. The resulting functions can be used to predict the attribution of cryptocurrencies to the corresponding clusters. Among the factors that have a significant impact on the development of CBDC projects in general and with the wholesale model in particular, one can single out βcapitalβ. At the same time, CBDC projects with a retail model are actively and successfully implemented in countries with a high level of technical knowledge and entrepreneurial talent, ahead of the capital factor in their importance. Taking into account the review of global trends, the development of fintech technologies, it was concluded that the processes of digitalization of financial assets are inevitable, the emergence of new forms of digital assets that dictate the need for the advanced development of their legal regulation.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² (Π¦Π€Π). ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π¦Π€Π. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅, Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π¦Π€Π, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠ² (DLT) ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ² (CBDC). Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ 5 ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² CBDC Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Β«ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Β». ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ CBDC Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π°. Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ
-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Radiation Due to Josephson Oscillations in Layered Superconductors
We derive the power of direct radiation into free space induced by Josephson
oscillations in intrinsic Josephson junctions of highly anisotropic layered
superconductors. We consider the super-radiation regime for a crystal cut in
the form of a thin slice parallel to the c-axis. We find that the radiation
correction to the current-voltage characteristic in this regime depends only on
crystal shape. We show that at large enough number of junctions oscillations
are synchronized providing high radiation power and efficiency in the THz
frequency range. We discuss crystal parameters and bias current optimal for
radiation power and crystal cooling.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Phys. Rev. Let
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