Cold diffuse interstellar medium of Magellanic Clouds: II. Physical conditions from excitation of CI and H2_2

We present a comprehensive study of the excitation of CI fine-structure levels along 57 sight lines in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. The sight lines were selected by the detection of H$_2$ in FUSE spectra. Using archival HST/COS and HST/STIS spectra we detected absorption of CI fine-structure levels and measured their populations for 29 and 22 sight lines in the LMC and SMC, respectively. The CI column density ranges from $10^{13}$ to $10^{14}\,{\rm cm}^{-2}$ for the LMC and $10^{13}$ to $10^{15.4}\,{\rm cm}^{-2}$ for the SMC. We found excitation of CI fine-structure levels in the LMC and SMC to be 2-3 times higher than typical values in local diffuse ISM. Comparing excitation of both CI fine-structure levels and H$_2$ rotational levels with a grid of PDR Meudon models we find that neutral cold gas in the LMC and SMC is illuminated by stronger UV field than in local ISM ($\chi=5^{+7}_{-3}$ units of Mathis field for the LMC and $2^{+4}_{-1}$ for the SMC) and has on average higher thermal pressure ($\log p/k =4.2\pm0.4$ and $4.3\pm0.5$, respectively). Magellanic Clouds sight lines likely probe region near star-formation sites, which also affects the thermal state and CI/H$_2$ relative abundances. At the same time such high measurements of UV field are consistent with some values obtained at high redshifts. Together with low metallicities this make Magellanic Clouds to be an interesting test case to study of the central parts of high redshift galaxies.Comment: submitted to MNRA

Поширеність та інтенсивність основних стоматологічних захворювань у дітей м. Сімферополя

At present, despite the availability of modern effective oral hygienemeans and prevention of dental diseases, which reduced their intensity, disease prevalence remains high. One method of dental caries preventing in children aged 6-7 years is a fissure sealing of molars, the most vulnerable areas of the newly erupted teeth, having a number of problems associated with a complex fissures relief. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases and their development trends, as well as indicators of electrometric fissures of teeth in children aged 6-7 years of Simferopol. 87 children aged 6-7 years (first classes schools in Simferopol) were examined. In this case, assessed the state of hard dental tissues (CFt, CFf, CFDt, CFDf, cavities, fillings, chalk spots, depigmentation, complications in the structure of lesions), the state of periodontal tissue (PMA%, bleeding, Schiller-Pisarev test, CPITN) and oral hygiene (Silness-Loe, Stallard) were examined. For diagnosing electrometryof hard tissues of dental fissures DentEst apparatus was used. Studies of major dental diseases and electrometric indicators of hard tissues of molars fissures in children under study testifiesto a high caries incidence in temporary and permanent teeth and a tendency to increase of caries prevalence of permanent occlusion in these children, poor oral hygiene and the need to develop and implement treatment and preventive measures that not allow the development of caries process in the teeth of permanent occlusion.At present, despite the availability of modern effective oral hygienemeans and prevention of dental diseases, which reduced their intensity, disease prevalence remains high. One method of dental caries preventing in children aged 6-7 years is a fissure sealing of molars, the most vulnerable areas of the newly erupted teeth, having a number of problems associated with a complex fissures relief. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases and their development trends, as well as indicators of electrometric fissures of teeth in children aged 6-7 years of Simferopol. 87 children aged 6-7 years (first classes schools in Simferopol) were examined. In this case, assessed the state of hard dental tissues (CFt, CFf, CFDt, CFDf, cavities, fillings, chalk spots, depigmentation, complications in the structure of lesions), the state of periodontal tissue (PMA%, bleeding, Schiller-Pisarev test, CPITN) and oral hygiene (Silness-Loe, Stallard) were examined. For diagnosing electrometryof hard tissues of dental fissures DentEst apparatus was used. Studies of major dental diseases and electrometric indicators of hard tissues of molars fissures in children under study testifiesto a high caries incidence in temporary and permanent teeth and a tendency to increase of caries prevalence of permanent occlusion in these children, poor oral hygiene and the need to develop and implement treatment and preventive measures that not allow the development of caries process in the teeth of permanent occlusion.На сьогодні, незважаючи на наявність сучасних ефективних засобів гігієни порожнини рота і профілактики стоматологічних захворювань, що дозволили знизити їх інтен­сивність, поширеність захворювань залишається дуже високою. Одним з методів профілактики карієсу зубів у дітей віком 6-7 років є запечатування фісур молярів як найуразливіших ділянок зубів, при якому є ряд проблем, пов'язаних зі складним рельєфом фісур. Метою цього дослідження було вивчення поширеності й інтенсивності стоматологічних захворювань і тенденції їх розвитку, а також електрометричних показників фісур зубів у дітей 6-7 років м. Сімферополя. Було обстежено 87 дітей 6-7 років (1-і класи шкіл м. Сімферополя). При цьому оцінювалися стан твердих тканин зубів (КПз, КПп, КПВз, КПВп, каріозні порожнини, пломби, піг­ментні плями, ускладнення в структурі каріозних уражень), стан тканин пародонту (PMA %, крово­точивість, проба Шиллера-Писарева, CPITN) і рівень гігієни порожнини рота (Silness-Loe, Stallard). Для діагностики електро­метрії твердих тканин фісур зубів використовували апарат ДентЕст.Проведені дослідження основних стоматологічних захворювань і електрометричних показників твердих тканин фісур молярів у дітей 6-7 років м. Сімферополя свідчать про незадовільну гігієну порожнини рота, високу ура­женість карієсом тимчасових і постійних зубів і тенденції до збільшення останнім часом поширеності карієсу зубів постійного прикусу у дітей 6-7 років, необхідність розробки і впровадження лікувально-профілактичних заходів, які дозволять не допустити виникнення каріозного процесу в зубах постійного прикусу

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Fukushima plutonium effect and blow-up regimes in neutron-multiplying media

It is shown that the capture and fission cross-sections of 238U and 239Pu increase with temperature within 1000-3000 K range, in contrast to those of 235U, that under certain conditions may lead to the so-called blow-up modes, stimulating the anomalous neutron flux and nuclear fuel temperature growth. Some features of the blow-up regimes in neutron-multiplying media are discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. (v2: numerous corrections and style improvements). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1207.369

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