Nomenclature adjustments and new syntaxa of the arctic, alpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation

Proposte sintassonomiche e nomenclaturali per la vegetazione della Tundra alpina. Il capitolo riguardante l'alta quota appenninica è il più corposo e propone il nuovo syntaxon Leontopodio-Elynion a livello di alleanza. La grande novità sta nel fatto che questa alleanza è da considerarsi anfi-Adriatica e unsice Appennino e balcani, differenziandosi dall'alleanza già definita da altri per le Alpi. i Pirenei e i Carpazi.During preparation of the European checklist of vegetation units (EuroVegChecklist), it became clear that some earlier described syntaxa need to be typified in order to stabilize nomenclature and some new syntaxa need to be described. Here we propose nomenclature adjustments and formal description of four new alliances for the Arctic, alpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation of Europe, Greenland and Anatolia. First, we typify the class Juncetea trifidi. Second, we describe four new alliances, such as the Puccinellion nuttallianae (Low-Arctic salt steppes of Greenland; class Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostietea purpurascentis), Dryado octopetalae- Caricion arctisibiricae (Arctic tundra vegetation of north-eastern European Russia; class Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii), Leontopodio nivalis-Elynion myosuroidis (southern European alpine tundra vegetation; class Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii) and Lagotido uralensis-Caricion ensifoliae (alpine tundra vegetation of the Southern Ural Mountains; class Juncetea trifidi). Two new associations are described within the first two of these alliances. Finally, we present an interpretation of the alliance Muscario-Scillion nivalis

XIII RISA Convention: <i>Intercultural Communication</i> Section

On October 15–16 the 13th Russian International Studies Association Convention took place in MGIMO, Moscow. The Department of Philosophy named after A. F. Shishkin and the editorial board of the journal Concept: Philosophy, Religion, Culture hosted the Intercultural Communication section with the great support of the organizers of the Convention. Researchers that took part in the Section represented many countries such as Abkhazia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Egypt, Spain, Iran, Moldova, Serbia and the USA, and many Russian cities — Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Chita, Rostov-on-Don, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, and Irkutsk. Online streaming gathered a wide audience from all over the world from Russia to Uruguay and Japan. Specialists from various academic backgrounds in social and cultural studies discussed intercultural communication in several sessions. Philosophers, linguists, political and cultural reseactors, specialists in arts, media, and regional studies were engaged in active debates on the presented reports and talks. The exchange of viewpoints and perspectives is beneficial for both experts in their field and interdisciplinary research: it introduces inspiring ideas, impressive results, and new visions. Moreover, the dialogue itself was an example of intercultural communication with the academic community involved in a fruitful and engaging conversation on the most exciting topics in the field

The Concept of "Time" as the Ideological Foundation of Cultural Identity

The author considers time as a universal category of human cognition. Cultural identity is closely linked with the conceptual view of the world. On the example of phraseology in the Russian and Spanish are considered cultural and national peculiarities of perception of time

The Twilight of the Absolute: Russian Symbolism and the Romantic Project

My dissertation project, The Twilight of the Absolute: Russian Symbolism and the Romantic Project, scrutinizes and interrogates the premises of so called “influence studies” by examining one tangled instance of cultural interaction—the relation between early German Romanticism (the brothers Schlegel, Novalis, Ludwig Tieck, and Friedrich Schelling) and the second wave of Russian Symbolism (Andrei Belyi, Aleksandr Blok, and Viacheslav Ivanov). In the scarce secondary literature that touches upon this complex literary-historical problem, Russian Symbolists are often unproblematically represented as proud “neo-Romantics,” passive recipients of the Romantic intellectual legacy. The major claim I advance in my thesis is that Jena Romanticism, far from being a revered and innocuous literary antecedent, presents an ever present challenge to the second generation of Russian Symbolists in both their artistic and metaphysical aspirations. This challenge consists in the Romantic assertion that the Absolute is unattainable, unknowable, and inexpressible because we as human beings live in and are defined by history and language. In this light, the relation of Symbolism to Romanticism is one of active re-imagining, resistance, and surmounting (“rewriting”) rather than of passive absorption, appropriation, and influence. The dissertation traces all the stages of this uneasy relationship over the span of Symbolism\u27s development as a movement. The first chapter deals with the “demon” of Romantic irony that shatters the Symbolist theurgic enterprise (the early stage of Russian Symbolism). The second chapter is concerned with the Symbolist failed attempt at conceptualizing the Absolute (the late, theoretical, stage of Russian Symbolism). In an effort to grasp the Absolute, Russian religious philosophy, including Symbolism, moves from the Idealist conception of “philosophy as science” to the Romantic notion of “philosophy as art” but, as the early German Romantics already cautioned, “philosophy as art” cannot deliver the Absolute either. One can escape neither history nor language. Since the Absolute proves uncognizable and unattainable, the Symbolists progressively move into the sphere of the tragic, which is the subject matter of the third chapter. In their search for the way to reintegrate the subjective (consciousness and art) and the objective (nature and life), the Symbolists come to view tragedy, an “objective” genre, as a counterweight to the solipsistic subjectivism of Romantic lyricism and therefore as the only viable way leading through cathartic cleansing to the Absolute conceived as a living mystery play. Unsuccessful attempts to realize their ambitious tragic program in practice, however, triggers a severe crisis in the movement and its eventual dissolution. This crisis is conceptualized by the Symbolists as a “tragedy of art”—the ultimate impossibility of producing a man-made synthesis of life and art. Thus, Russian Symbolism traces a full circle back to “the Romantic impasse,” for inability to unite life and art was precisely “the tragedy of Romanticism” that Symbolism sought to overcome by “rewriting.

(Un)Disciplined Bodies: Ascetic Transformation in Performance Art

This dissertation investigates different modalities of self-transformation enacted in ritualistic performance art by the examination of the work of three contemporary performance artists – Marina Abramović, Linda Montano and Ron Athey. Drawing on theoretical models of ritual, in particular the model of ascetic ritual developed in the works of Gavin Flood and Richard Valantasis, Georges Bataille’s theory of sacrifice, concepts of wounded healing by Laurence J. Kirmayer and Jess Groesbeck, and recent studies of ascetic self-injury in psychiatry and psychoanalysis, I argue that ritualistic performance provides a useful model of the therapy of the body that undermines rigid models of the individual self. Ritualistic performance employs a variety of methods of re-patterning of the dominant standard of individuality and formation of alternative model of the body associated with the ascetic self. In view of significance of the transcendence of the body in the work of these artists I employ a theory of “transformation” to reflect upon performative methodology developed in the artworks of Abramović, Montano, and Athey

Implementation of state transport policy: regional aspect

The implementation of the transport strategy is based on the general principles of federal relations and takes into account the peculiarities of social-economic development and transport needs of individual regions of the country. The regional aspects of the transport system of Russia development are directly related to the creation of a network of competitive innovation clusters, new regional centers of economic development, also in the Russian Far East. The tasks of the transport complex development common for Russia, depending on the specific conditions of the social-economic development of the regions, have their own specifics, focus and priorities, which are taken into account when developing the priorities of the state transport policy. The main problem is that it is necessary to form an active position of the state at the new stage of development of the country economy to create the conditions for social-economic development, primarily to improve the quality of transport services, reduce the total costs of society that depend on transport, and increase the competitiveness of the domestic transport system, strengthening the innovative, social and environmental orientation of the transport industry development. At the same time, transport as a backbone element of the economy and investment and innovation demand generator for products should be considered as an independent point of economic growth. The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of the state transport policy on the Primorsky Territory within the framework of the activities by the Ministry of Transport and Roads of the Primorsky Territory and to identify the main problems and prospects for the development of transport policy main trends in the specified subject of the Russian Federation

Externalities of the sanction pressure policy and its consequences for the Russian small and medium business development

Objective: to analyze the impact of the externalities of the sanctions pressure policy on small and medium-sized enterprises and to develop specific proposals that allow them to adapt to the conditions of uncertainty.Methods: general scientific methods of systemic, structural and comparative analysis, as well as specific scientific methods (static and graphical analysis, expert assessments).Results: the analysis was carried out of the externalities of the sanctions pressure policy, which significantly affected the activities of the Russian small and medium-sized enterprises. Among the key factors studied are the disruption of logistics chains, reduction of the customer base, restrictions on monetary transactions, blocking of digital platforms, etc. The special role of this sector in eliminating the imbalances of the country’s economy in a difficult geopolitical situation and economic instability is outlined. It is proposed to investigate ways of adapting small businesses to new economic conditions, taking into account the systematic classification of enterprises in the SME sector. The forecast trends in the development of small and medium-sized firms for the near future are formulated. Based on the analysis of externalities, the author suggests measures to increase the adaptability of enterprises in the studied segment of the economy, which can be used by both representatives of the business community and government agencies.Scientific novelty: the division of firms into three categories (“kids”, “genetic dwarfs”, “transformers”) and three subgroups (“travelers”, “reorganizers”, “imago”) is proposed; their key functions and ways of adaptation characteristic of each category of enterprises are identified, which made it possible to develop recommendations on improving the adaptability of small and medium-sized enterprises, taking into account their characteristics.Practical significance:  the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in the educational process of educational institutions; in scientifi activities for the development of academic competencies on the functioning of small and medium-sized enterprises; in the work of organizations that make up the infrastructure for the development and support of SMEs; they also contribute to the study of ways and strategies for the entrepreneurship adaptation under exogenous shocks

The Role of White-rot Fungi in Herbicide Transformation

Understanding herbicide transformation is necessary for pesticide development for their safe and efficient use, as well as for developing pesticide bioremediation strategies for contaminated soil and water. Recent studies persuasively demonstrated the key role of soil white-rot fungi in biotransformation of various anthropogenic environmental contaminants. However, often this common knowledge is not associated with specific metabolic processes of fungi and therefore cannot be transformed into specific recommendations for agricultural practice. The given review offers a systematic collection and analysis of the current knowledge about herbicide transformation by white-rot fungi at the cellular and molecular levels. Special attention is given to the role of oxidative enzymes such as laccases, lignin peroxidases, and manganese peroxidases in the biotransformation processes

Toponymy of Kalmykia in Historical, Geographical and Linguistic Perspectives. Review of the book: Kichikova, N. A., Mandzhieva, E. B., & Suprun, V. I. (2017). Toponimicheskii slovar’ Respubliki Kalmykiia [Toponymic Dictionary of the Republic of Kalmykia]. Elista: Dzhangar. 272 p.

The reviewed book analyzes the toponymic vocabulary of the Republic of Kalmykia — a Russian region that retains a number of historical, geographical, administrative and territorial peculiarities. A centuries-old history of the region mapped since Herodotus times, around 5th century BC, its unique position on the plane in the semi-desert zone, the richness of its flora and fauna, as well the nomadic life of the K almyks which remained true until quite recently — have cumulatively left their mark on the specificity of geographical names included into this dictionary of more than 300 entries. The dictionary contains names of cities and towns, working-class settlements, villages, and other habitats, as well as names of rivers, lakes, elevations, ravines, gullies and other geographical objects of the Republic of Kalmykia. The structure of the dictionary is rather simple. It opens with an extended preface followed by the lexicographic part that is alphabetically arranged, the list of sources and a few elaborative lists to help using the dictionary. An appendix containing data on the numbers of residents in various localities of Kalmykia according to the 2017 census is presented in the end. Each entry includes physical, economic and geographical characteristic of the named object complete with linguistic and linguocultural information about the toponym and its etymological interpretations. The dictionary presents an exemplary case for the description of toponymic vocabulary of other Russian regions, including that of various nations residing on the territory of the Russian Federation. The edition itself represents a considerable contribution to the regional onomastic lexicography