Cluster policy in agrarian sphere in implementation of concept of economic growth

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the necessity and compile recommendations for improvement of the process of development and conduct of cluster policy in agrarian sphere during realization of the concept of economic growth by the example of modern Russia. As methodological provision, the research uses the proprietary methodology of analysis of development of agrarian sphere of economy. As a result of the use of this methodology and analysis of development of agrarian sphere of modern Russian, the authors come to the conclusion that it has a lot of negative tendencies, which causes necessity for improvement of policy in this sphere. For this, the authors offer to use clustering. The authors develop the Pyramid of optimal economic growth and the Model of realization of the concept of economic growth on the basis of conduct of cluster policy in agrarian sphere.peer-reviewe

Concessional lending as a perspective tool of development of agribusiness

The aim of the research is to find the solution to the problem of food security in non-food countries, i.e., countries in which conditions for agriculture are unfavorable. The authors offer the hypothesis that solution to this problem requires development of agribusiness, a perspective tool of which is concessional lending. In the process of the research, in order to verify this hypothesis, the authors use the methods of modeling of socio-economic systems, as well as systemic, problem, institutional, and SWOT-analysis. As a result of the research, the authors come to the conclusion that the most important problem of development of agribusiness in non-food countries is lack and low accessibility of financial resources, which is caused by high seasonality of business, its low profitability, and, correspondingly, its low investment attractiveness. Concessional lending allows solving this problem and increasing the accessibility of financial resources for agro-enterprises, which gives them a possibility for modernization of equipment and technology of production, reduction of product cost, and increase of profitability and competitiveness. The article views the peculiarities of crediting agricultural enterprises, determines the role of small enterprises of agribusiness, develops recommendations for provision of concessional lending for agro-enterprises, and describes the mechanism of development of agribusiness by means of concessional lending.peer-reviewe

ESG-lending in the Russian economy

The purpose of the article is to consider the current state of ESG lending in the Russian economy, the features of ESG rating of Russian financial companies and approaches to potential borrowers, and to identify the most relevant areas for the development of ESG lending to Russian companies. Despite the fact that Russian companies and the Russian economy are under sanctions and the opportunities to enter foreign markets are significantly limited, ESG remains relevant. An analysis of ESG practices in the banking sector conducted in 2022 by Expert RA showed that only large credit institutions follow the ESG concept. More than 50% of the top 20 banks have implemented KPIs for ESG indicators in their lending and investment processes. In the practice of Russian banks, ESG-assessment of credit risks includes indicators of default probability, analysis and evaluation of portfolios in terms of industry/geographical concentrations, exposure limits, borrowing strategies, scenario analysis and/or stress testing. It is concluded that Russian companies in the financial sector use ESG approache for their own strategic development and for lending to their clients, and that government support is required for the ESG transformation of the banking sector

Solid-state fault current limiter for medium voltage distribution systems

This paper presents a thyristor-controlled fault current limiter for medium voltage distribution systems (6-10 kV). The main goal of the proposed scheme is to alleviate the effect of the fault current on the switchgear and other equipment. The limiter is designed mainly for application in industries with large motors installed, where motor\u27s feeding to the fault is significant. Model of the power system with the limiter has been developed using ATP-EMTF. Results of simulations, showing the efficiency of the limiter applications, are presented in the paper. © 2003 IEEE

ESG-lending in the Russian economy

The purpose of the article is to consider the current state of ESG lending in the Russian economy, the features of ESG rating of Russian financial companies and approaches to potential borrowers, and to identify the most relevant areas for the development of ESG lending to Russian companies. Despite the fact that Russian companies and the Russian economy are under sanctions and the opportunities to enter foreign markets are significantly limited, ESG remains relevant. An analysis of ESG practices in the banking sector conducted in 2022 by Expert RA showed that only large credit institutions follow the ESG concept. More than 50% of the top 20 banks have implemented KPIs for ESG indicators in their lending and investment processes. In the practice of Russian banks, ESG-assessment of credit risks includes indicators of default probability, analysis and evaluation of portfolios in terms of industry/geographical concentrations, exposure limits, borrowing strategies, scenario analysis and/or stress testing. It is concluded that Russian companies in the financial sector use ESG approache for their own strategic development and for lending to their clients, and that government support is required for the ESG transformation of the banking sector

Supranational transfer of digital innovation in agribusiness through payment market mechanisms

The task of creating a single supranational payment market is to ensure its maximum independence, which correlates with the tasks of the competitive leading economic development of countries - the transition to a digital technological structure. To increase the efficiency of the generation of payment innovations with their subsequent diffusion into the agricultural sector, to strengthen the economy’s resistance to risks, a transfer of innovative institutional, organizational and informational forms of activity is necessary. The strategy of integration of payment markets of interstate economic associations in time and space should be based on the consolidation and symbiosis of innovative technology platforms of sovereign payment systems of the participating countries. For this, a conceptual model of a supranational transfer of digital innovations to the agricultural sector through the transmission mechanisms of payment systems is proposed. The model characterizes the mega-economic system, which provides for the heterarchical and hierarchical interaction of payment systems of donor countries and recipient countries in the framework of economic associations, in which the transfer of forms of innovative development to the agricultural sector is carried out. Digital innovations are transferred to the subjects of the agricultural market horizontally and vertically. The transfer of digital innovation occurs through institutional, organizational and informational communications with the parallel creation of structures for the subsequent evolution of the model

Digital adaptation of the Russian payment services market to pandemic shocks

The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the features of adaptation of the Russian payment services market to pandemic shocks, taking into account digitalization trends. The following regularities were revealed: increasing rates of digitalization; structural transformations of the market; blurring the lines between banking products and fintech services amid heightened competition; the emergence of payment services for retailers; growing demand for e-commerce, online transactions and contactless payment for services; increasing financial inclusion of traditional and innovative retail financial services; formation of an ecosystem approach, etc. It is concluded that the ongoing changes have a positive impact on the transformation of the market supply of payment services. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, payment intermediaries are using tactics of digital settlement services and reducing dependence on loan products; promoting an initial positive customer experience in remote channels, mobile applications; focusing on sustainable development of the client base

BiosyntheticSPAdes: reconstructing biosynthetic gene clusters from assembly graphs

Predicting biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) is critically important for discovery of antibiotics and other natural products. While BGC prediction from complete genomes is a well-studied problem, predicting BGCs in fragmented genomic assemblies remains challenging. The existing BGC prediction tools often assume that each BGC is encoded within a single contig in the genome assembly, a condition that is violated for most sequenced microbial genomes where BGCs are often scattered through several contigs, making it difficult to reconstruct them. The situation is even more severe in shotgun metagenomics, where the contigs are often short, and the existing tools fail to predict a large fraction of long BGCs. While it is difficult to assemble BGCs in a single contig, the structure of the genome assembly graph often provides clues on how to combine multiple contigs into segments encoding long BGCs. We describe biosyntheticSPAdes, a tool for predicting BGCs in assembly graphs and demonstrate that it greatly improves the reconstruction of BGCs from genomic and metagenomics data sets.</p